HADOOP备份机制的相关问题，求大神解答！

[oqqKong123]

集群环境：
2台name节点，三台node节点；现在需要增加两个node节点,但是新增的node节点的存储空间比现有node节点的存储空间大很多，我是个小白，对Hadoop的备份机制一直没搞清楚，哪位大神能解释下，这种情况下会不会造成备份和数据存储的问题啊？如何解决！
小弟积分不多，谅解！

[oqqKong123]

没有大神能解答一下吗

[Bonsour]

For the common case, when the replication factor is three, HDFS’s placement policy is to put one replica on the local machine if the writer is on a datanode, otherwise on a random datanode, another replica on a node in a different (remote) rack, and the last on a different node in the same remote rack. This policy cuts the inter-rack write traffic which generally improves write performance. The chance of rack failure is far less than that of node failure; this policy does not impact data reliability and availability guarantees. However, it does reduce the aggregate network bandwidth used when reading data since a block is placed in only two unique racks rather than three. With this policy, the replicas of a file do not evenly distribute across the racks. One third of replicas are on one node, two thirds of replicas are on one rack, and the other third are evenly distributed across the remaining racks. This policy improves write performance without compromising data reliability or read performance. 这是官方的解释，翻译出来： 在大多数情况下，副本系数是3，HDFS的存放策略是将一个副本存放在本地机架的节点上，一个副本放在同一机架的另一个节点上，最后一个副本放在不同机架的节点上。这种策略减少了机架间的数据传输，这就提高了写操作的效率。机架的错误远远比节点的错误少，所以这个策略不会影响到数据的可靠性和可用性。于此同时，因为数据块只放在两个（不是三个）不同的机架上，所以此策略减少了读取数据时需要的网络传输总带宽。在这种策略下，副本并不是均匀分布在不同的机架上。三分之一的副本在一个节点上，三分之二的副本在一个机架上，其他副本均匀分布在剩下的机架中，这一策略在不损害数据可靠性和读取性能的情况下改进了写的性能。 启动后： On startup, the NameNode enters a special state called Safemode. Replication of data blocks does not occur when the NameNode is in the Safemode state. The NameNode receives Heartbeat and Blockreport messages from the DataNodes. A Blockreport contains the list of data blocks that a DataNode is hosting. Each block has a specified minimum number of replicas. A block is considered safely replicated when the minimum number of replicas of that data block has checked in with the NameNode. After a configurable percentage of safely replicated data blocks checks in with the NameNode (plus an additional 30 seconds), the NameNode exits the Safemode state. It then determines the list of data blocks (if any) that still have fewer than the specified number of replicas. The NameNode then replicates these blocks to other DataNodes. 翻译出来： Namenode启动后会进入一个称为安全模式的特殊状态。处于安全模式的Namenode是不会进行数据块的复制的。Namenode从所有的 Datanode接收心跳信号和块状态报告。块状态报告包括了某个Datanode所有的数据块列表。每个数据块都有一个指定的最小副本数。当Namenode检测确认某个数据块的副本数目达到这个最小值，那么该数据块就会被认为是副本安全(safely replicated)的；在一定百分比（这个参数可配置）的数据块被Namenode检测确认是安全之后（加上一个额外的30秒等待时间），Namenode将退出安全模式状态。接下来它会确定还有哪些数据块的副本没有达到指定数目，并将这些数据块复制到其他Datanode上。 多读几遍，慢慢理解吧。