如何实现一个ping程序，用winsock的

[LinBin]

如何实现一个ping程序，用winsock的

[prog_st]

可以给代码，将要求和你的EMail发成短消息给我!

[xuying]

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Helper function to fill in various stuff in our ICMP request.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void fill_icmp_data(char * icmp_data){

IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr;

icmp_hdr = (IcmpHeader*)icmp_data;

icmp_hdr->i_type = ICMP_ECHO;
icmp_hdr->i_code = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_cksum = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_id = (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId();
icmp_hdr->i_seq = ++seq_no;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Helper function to calculate the checksum of icmp echo data.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer, int size) {
unsigned long cksum=0;

while(size >1) {
cksum+=*buffer++;
size -=sizeof(USHORT);
}

if(size) {
cksum += *(UCHAR*)buffer;
}

cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
cksum += (cksum >>16);
return (USHORT)(~cksum);
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// decode icmp echo reply packet.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
BOOL decode_resp(char *buf, int bytes,struct sockaddr_in *from) {

IpHeader *iphdr;
IcmpHeader *icmphdr;
IpData *ipdata;
unsigned short iphdrlen;

iphdr = (IpHeader *)buf;

iphdrlen = iphdr->h_len << 2 ; // number of 32-bit words *4 = bytes

if (bytes < iphdrlen + ICMP_MIN) {
printf(" icmp data back(%d) < %d + %d", bytes, iphdrlen, ICMP_MIN);
return FALSE;
}

icmphdr = (IcmpHeader*)(buf + iphdrlen);
ipdata = (IpData *)(buf+iphdrlen);

//first, check whether it's my own packet.
if (icmphdr->i_id != (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()) {
//fprintf(stderr,"someone else's packet!\n");
return FALSE;
}
//second, check whether it's a icmp packet.
if (icmphdr->i_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
//fprintf(stderr,"non-echo type %d recvd\n",icmphdr->i_type);
return FALSE;
}
//third, check whether it's the packet I'm waiting.
if (icmphdr->i_seq != seq_no)
{
//fprintf(stderr, "seq_no not match\n");
return FALSE;
}

//printf("%d bytes from %s:",bytes, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
//printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ",icmphdr->i_seq);
//printf(" time: %d ms ",GetTickCount()-ipdata->timestamp);
//printf(" TTL=%d", iphdr->ttl);
//printf("\n");
return TRUE;
}

BOOL ping(ULONG ipaddr)
{
struct sockaddr_in dest, from;
int fromlen = sizeof(from);
char recvbuf[BUFSIZE];
IpData icmp_data;
int times, bwrote, bread;
fd_set readfds;
TIMEVAL timeout;

dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = ipaddr;
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;

for(times=0;times<3;times++) {

FD_ZERO(&readfds);
FD_SET(sockRaw, &readfds);
//timeout = 3 second.
timeout.tv_sec = 1;
timeout.tv_usec = 0;

memset(&icmp_data,0,sizeof(IpData));
fill_icmp_data((char *)&icmp_data);
icmp_data.timestamp = GetTickCount();
icmp_data.ihdr.i_cksum = checksum((USHORT*)&icmp_data, sizeof(IpData));

bwrote = sendto(sockRaw,(char *)&icmp_data,sizeof(IpData),0,(struct sockaddr*)&dest,
sizeof(dest));
if (bwrote == SOCKET_ERROR){
printf(" sendto failed: %d",WSAGetLastError());
return FALSE;
}

//here we must use a loop, because all icmp data are
//send to our process, since we create a icmp raw socket.
while(1) {

int Rtn = select(0, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
if (Rtn==SOCKET_ERROR) {
printf(" select error %d", WSAGetLastError());
return FALSE;
} else if (Rtn==0) {
printf(" *");
break;
} else if (FD_ISSET(sockRaw, &readfds)) {
bread = recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf,BUFSIZE,0,(struct sockaddr*)&from,
&fromlen);
if (bread == SOCKET_ERROR){
printf(" recvfrom failed: %d",WSAGetLastError());
return FALSE;
}

if (decode_resp(recvbuf,bread,&from)){
printf(" alive");
return TRUE;
} else {
//reset the timeout.
ULONG timeleft;
timeleft = timeout.tv_sec*1000+timeout.tv_usec - (GetTickCount()-icmp_data.timestamp);
timeout.tv_sec = timeleft/1000;
timeout.tv_usec = timeleft%1000;
}
}
}
}
return FALSE;
}

[xuying]

上面的程序用到的数据结构:

#define ICMP_ECHO 8
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0
#define ICMP_TIME_EXCEED 11
#define ICMP_TTL_EXCEED 0

#define ICMP_MIN 8 // minimum 8 byte icmp packet (just header)
#define BUFSIZE 1500
#define MAXLINE 512

#define DEFAULT_TTL 30

/* The IP header */
typedef struct iphdr {
unsigned int h_len:4; // length of the header
unsigned int version:4; // Version of IP
unsigned char tos; // Type of service
unsigned short total_len; // total length of the packet
unsigned short ident; // unique identifier
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // flags
unsigned char ttl;
unsigned char proto; // protocol (TCP, UDP etc)
unsigned short checksum; // IP checksum

unsigned int sourceIP;
unsigned int destIP;
}IpHeader;

//
// ICMP header
//
typedef struct _ihdr {
BYTE i_type;
BYTE i_code; /* type sub code */
USHORT i_cksum;
USHORT i_id;
USHORT i_seq;
}IcmpHeader;

// IpData is what we send in ip packet.
typedef struct _ipdata {
IcmpHeader ihdr;
ULONG timestamp;
}IpData;

[xuying]

上面的程序用到的数据结构:

#define ICMP_ECHO 8
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0
#define ICMP_TIME_EXCEED 11
#define ICMP_TTL_EXCEED 0

#define ICMP_MIN 8 // minimum 8 byte icmp packet (just header)
#define BUFSIZE 1500
#define MAXLINE 512

#define DEFAULT_TTL 30

/* The IP header */
typedef struct iphdr {
unsigned int h_len:4; // length of the header
unsigned int version:4; // Version of IP
unsigned char tos; // Type of service
unsigned short total_len; // total length of the packet
unsigned short ident; // unique identifier
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // flags
unsigned char ttl;
unsigned char proto; // protocol (TCP, UDP etc)
unsigned short checksum; // IP checksum

unsigned int sourceIP;
unsigned int destIP;
}IpHeader;

//
// ICMP header
//
typedef struct _ihdr {
BYTE i_type;
BYTE i_code; /* type sub code */
USHORT i_cksum;
USHORT i_id;
USHORT i_seq;
}IcmpHeader;

// IpData is what we send in ip packet.
typedef struct _ipdata {
IcmpHeader ihdr;
ULONG timestamp;
}IpData;

[winhero]

在<<WINDOWS网络编程技术>>一书中有

[LinBin]

在命令行中能够ping 127.0.0.1 xuying先生能否将头文件和main()起给我呢
好像我用你的程序编译通不过

[mryinliang]

发个消息给我，我给你一个源程序

[xuying]

留你的mail，我发给你。

[xuying]

贴个全的。
#pragma pack(4)

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ICMP_ECHO 8
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0
#define ICMP_MIN 8 // minimum 8 byte icmp packet (just header)

/* The IP header */
typedef struct iphdr {
unsigned int h_len:4; // length of the header unsigned
int version:4; // Version of IP
unsigned char tos; // Type of service
unsigned short total_len; // total length of the packet
unsigned short ident; // unique identifier
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // flags
unsigned char ttl;
unsigned char proto; // protocol (TCP, UDP etc)
unsigned short checksum; // IP checksum
unsigned int sourceIP;
unsigned int destIP;
}IpHeader;

/* ICMP header */
typedef struct _ihdr {
BYTE i_type;
BYTE i_code; /* type sub code */
USHORT i_cksum;
USHORT i_id;
USHORT i_seq;
/* This is not the std header, but we reserve space for time */
ULONG timestamp;
} IcmpHeader;

#define STATUS_FAILED 0xFFFF
#define DEF_PACKET_SIZE 32
#define MAX_PACKET 1024
#define xmalloc(s) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,(s))
#define xfree(p) HeapFree (GetProcessHeap(),0,(p))

void fill_icmp_data(char *, int);
USHORT checksum(USHORT *, int);
void decode_resp(char *,int ,struct sockaddr_in *);

void Usage(char *progname)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:\n");
fprintf(stderr,"%s <host> [data_size]\n",progname);
fprintf(stderr,"datasize can be up to 1Kb\n");
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sockRaw;
struct sockaddr_in dest,from;
struct hostent * hp;
int bread,datasize;
int fromlen = sizeof(from);
int timeout = 1000;
char *dest_ip;
char *icmp_data;
char *recvbuf;
unsigned int addr=0;
USHORT seq_no = 0;

if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,1),&wsaData) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,"WSAStartup failed: %d\n",GetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
if (argc <2 ) {
Usage(argv[0]);
}
sockRaw = WSASocket (AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP, NULL, 0,0);
if (sockRaw == INVALID_SOCKET) {
fprintf(stderr,"WSASocket() failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));
if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) {
fprintf(stderr,"failed to set recv timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
timeout = 1000;
bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));
if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) {
fprintf(stderr,"failed to set send timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
memset(&dest,0,sizeof(dest));
hp = gethostbyname(argv[1]);
if (!hp){
addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
}
if ((!hp) && (addr == INADDR_NONE) ) {
fprintf(stderr,"Unable to resolve %s\n",argv[1]);
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
if (hp != NULL)
memcpy(&(dest.sin_addr),hp->h_addr,hp->h_length);
else
dest.sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
if (hp)
dest.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
else
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest_ip = inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr);
if (argc >2) {
datasize = atoi(argv[2]);
if (datasize == 0)
datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE;
} else
datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE;
datasize += sizeof(IcmpHeader);
icmp_data = xmalloc(MAX_PACKET);
recvbuf = xmalloc(MAX_PACKET);
if (!icmp_data) {
fprintf(stderr,"HeapAlloc failed %d\n",GetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
memset(icmp_data,0,MAX_PACKET);
fill_icmp_data(icmp_data,datasize);
while(1) {
int bwrote;
((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = 0;
((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->timestamp = GetTickCount();
((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_seq = seq_no++;
((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = checksum((USHORT*)icmp_data, datasize);
bwrote = sendto(sockRaw,icmp_data,datasize,0,(struct sockaddr*)&dest, sizeof(dest));
if (bwrote == SOCKET_ERROR) {
if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) {
printf("timed out\n"); continue;
}
fprintf(stderr,"sendto failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
if (bwrote < datasize ) {
fprintf(stdout,"Wrote %d bytes\n",bwrote);
}
bread = recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf,MAX_PACKET,0,(struct sockaddr*)&from, &fromlen);
if (bread == SOCKET_ERROR) {
if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) {
printf("timed out\n");
continue;
}
fprintf(stderr,"recvfrom failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
}
decode_resp(recvbuf,bread,&from);
Sleep(1000);
}
return 0;
}

/* The response is an IP packet.
We must decode the IP header to locate the ICMP data
*/

void decode_resp(char *buf, int bytes,struct sockaddr_in *from)
{
IpHeader *iphdr;
IcmpHeader *icmphdr;
unsigned short iphdrlen;

iphdr = (IpHeader *)buf;
iphdrlen = iphdr->h_len * 4 ; // number of 32-bit words *4 = bytes
if (bytes < iphdrlen + ICMP_MIN) {
printf("Too few bytes from %s\n",inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
}
icmphdr = (IcmpHeader*)(buf + iphdrlen);
if (icmphdr->i_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
fprintf(stderr,"non-echo type %d recvd\n",icmphdr->i_type);
return;
}
if (icmphdr->i_id != (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()) {
fprintf(stderr,"someone else's packet!\n");
return ;
}
printf("%d bytes from %s:",bytes, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ",icmphdr->i_seq);
printf(" time: %d ms ",GetTickCount()-icmphdr->timestamp);
printf("\n");
}

USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer, int size)
{
unsigned long cksum=0;

while(size >1) {
cksum+=*buffer++;
size -=sizeof(USHORT);
}
if(size ) {
cksum += *(UCHAR*)buffer;
}
cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
cksum += (cksum >>16);
return (USHORT)(~cksum);
}

/* Helper function to fill in various stuff in our ICMP request. */
void fill_icmp_data(char * icmp_data, int datasize)
{
IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr;
char *datapart;

icmp_hdr = (IcmpHeader*)icmp_data;
icmp_hdr->i_type = ICMP_ECHO;
icmp_hdr->i_code = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_id = (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId();
icmp_hdr->i_cksum = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_seq = 0;
datapart = icmp_data + sizeof(IcmpHeader);
// Place some junk in the buffer.
memset(datapart,'E', datasize - sizeof(IcmpHeader));
}