actually, the thing that i don't agree in your previous posts (you might not agree either if you think it over) is the claim: c++ 却容忍了将NULL隐式地转换为整型, 这一违反类型系统的转换. because, as you may have noticed from your explanation, for expressions like 'int i = null;', there is no implicit conversion, actually no conversion at all, not to mention whether there is type-conversion violation or not.