不同Linux系统下同一个可执行文件执行问题

2007-08-09 10:49:35 525 阅读 AI 写同款 · GEO 优化AI 选题数据监测一键分发 ›

linux可执行文件的加载过程本文简要介绍了Linux系统中，当执行一个程序时，如何通过fork和execve系统调用来创建进程并加载可执行文件的过程。在进程中，利用写时复制技术减少内存占用，而按需加载机制确保只有在访问时才将代码和数据从磁盘加载到内存。在加载过程中，通过可执行文件的header信息建立进程地址空间与文件的映射，依赖缺页中断完成实际的数据拷贝。阅读详情

==>问题
把A Linux系统上的一个执行文件mytest拷贝B Linux系统上，chmod a+x mytest后执行出现如下问题：
bash: ./mytest: 没有那个文件或目录

==>
用file和ojdump查看mytest如下：
>file mytest
mytest: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped

>objdump -h mytest
mytest：文件格式 elf32-i386

节：
Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
0 .interp 00000013 080480f4 080480f4 000000f4 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
1 .hash 00000350 08048108 08048108 00000108 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
2 .dynsym 00000710 08048458 08048458 00000458 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
3 .dynstr 00000445 08048b68 08048b68 00000b68 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
4 .rel.plt 00000308 08048fb0 08048fb0 00000fb0 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
5 .init 00000004 080492b8 080492b8 000012b8 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
6 .plt 00000620 080492bc 080492bc 000012bc 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
7 .text 00049780 080498dc 080498dc 000018dc 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
8 .fini 00000004 0809305c 0809305c 0004b05c 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
9 .data 00092260 08094060 08094060 0004b060 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
10 .got 00000190 081262c0 081262c0 000dd2c0 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
11 .dynamic 00000080 08126450 08126450 000dd450 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
12 .bss 000029f4 081264d0 081264d0 000dd4d0 2**2
ALLOC
13 .note 0000001c 00000000 00000000 000dd4d0 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY
14 .comment 00005021 00000000 00000000 000dd570 2**2
CONTENTS, READONLY
>objdump -f mytest

mytest：文件格式 elf32-i386
体系结构：i386，标志 0x00000112：
EXEC_P, HAS_SYMS, D_PAGED
起始地址 0x080498dc

==>
为了一步做比较，我用file和objdump查看B系统上的一个可执行文件new_mytest如下：
>file new_mytest
new_mytest: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.4, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.4, not stripped

>objdump -h new_mytest

new_mytest：文件格式 elf32-i386

节：
Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
0 .interp 00000013 08048154 08048154 00000154 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
1 .note.ABI-tag 00000020 08048168 08048168 00000168 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
2 .note.SuSE 00000018 08048188 08048188 00000188 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
3 .hash 00000474 080481a0 080481a0 000001a0 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
4 .dynsym 00000980 08048614 08048614 00000614 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
5 .dynstr 00000600 08048f94 08048f94 00000f94 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
6 .gnu.version 00000130 08049594 08049594 00001594 2**1
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
7 .gnu.version_r 000000b0 080496c4 080496c4 000016c4 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
8 .rel.dyn 00000048 08049774 08049774 00001774 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
9 .rel.plt 00000440 080497bc 080497bc 000017bc 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
10 .init 00000017 08049bfc 08049bfc 00001bfc 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
11 .plt 00000890 08049c14 08049c14 00001c14 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
12 .text 000cb8ec 0804a4b0 0804a4b0 000024b0 2**4
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
13 .fini 0000001c 08115d9c 08115d9c 000cdd9c 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
14 .rodata 0000816b 08115dc0 08115dc0 000cddc0 2**5
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
15 .eh_frame_hdr 000031ac 0811df2c 0811df2c 000d5f2c 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
16 .eh_frame 0000cb84 081210d8 081210d8 000d90d8 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
17 .gcc_except_table 00007640 0812dc5c 0812dc5c 000e5c5c 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
18 .ctors 00000020 08136000 08136000 000ee000 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
19 .dtors 00000008 08136020 08136020 000ee020 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
20 .jcr 00000004 08136028 08136028 000ee028 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
21 .dynamic 00000138 0813602c 0813602c 000ee02c 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
22 .got 00000004 08136164 08136164 000ee164 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
23 .got.plt 0000022c 08136168 08136168 000ee168 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
24 .data 000060d0 081363a0 081363a0 000ee3a0 2**5
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
25 .bss 00005a00 0813c480 0813c480 000f4470 2**5
ALLOC
26 .comment 000010d5 00000000 00000000 000f4470 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY
27 .debug_aranges 00000058 00000000 00000000 000f5548 2**3
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
28 .debug_pubnames 00000025 00000000 00000000 000f55a0 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
29 .debug_info 00000191 00000000 00000000 000f55c5 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
30 .debug_abbrev 00000062 00000000 00000000 000f5756 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
31 .debug_line 00000137 00000000 00000000 000f57b8 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
32 .debug_str 000000a5 00000000 00000000 000f58ef 2**0
CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING

>objdump -f new_mytest

new_mytest：文件格式 elf32-i386
体系结构：i386，标志 0x00000112：
EXEC_P, HAS_SYMS, D_PAGED
起始地址 0x0804a4b0

比较两个可执行文件的结果，看不出为什么会出现这个问题。各位CSDN的大虾们帮忙看看是什么问题导致mytest执行文件不能执行？

...全文