请教如何用正则表达式实现字符串的替换

chenghuajian 2007-08-14 05:34:49

我正在作字符串的查找和替换，有三个个问题请教一下：
1.带通配符的字符串替换有没有例子可以参考？
2.用正则表达式如何实现字符串的替换
3.我想要的效果就是vc的查找界面中的通配符和正则表达式的效果，有类似源码么？
CAtlRegExp类是不是不行？
谢谢。

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wshcdr 2007-08-15

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boost倒是有正则库，但是混在一起总是感觉不爽

wshcdr 2007-08-15

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MS也提供正则的C++库了么？

长尾巴的悟空 2007-08-15

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我晕了

珍惜生命远离CPP 2007-08-15

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boost的regex的例子

/*
*
* Copyright (c) 1998-2002
* John Maddock
*
* Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
* Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
* LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
*
*/

/*
* LOCATION: see http://www.boost.org for most recent version.
* FILE regex_replace_example.cpp
* VERSION see <boost/version.hpp>
* DESCRIPTION: regex_replace example:
* converts a C++ file to syntax highlighted HTML.
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <iterator>
#include <boost/regex.hpp>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

// purpose:
// takes the contents of a file and transform to
// syntax highlighted code in html format

boost::regex e1, e2;
extern const char* expression_text;
extern const char* format_string;
extern const char* pre_expression;
extern const char* pre_format;
extern const char* header_text;
extern const char* footer_text;

void load_file(std::string& s, std::istream& is)
{
s.erase();
if(is.bad()) return;
s.reserve(is.rdbuf()->in_avail());
char c;
while(is.get(c))
{
if(s.capacity() == s.size())
s.reserve(s.capacity() * 3);
s.append(1, c);
}
}

int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
try{
e1.assign(expression_text);
e2.assign(pre_expression);
for(int i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
{
std::cout << "Processing file " << argv[i] << std::endl;
std::ifstream fs(argv[i]);
std::string in;
load_file(in, fs);
fs.close();
std::string out_name = std::string(argv[i]) + std::string(".htm");
std::ofstream os(out_name.c_str());
os << header_text;
// strip '<' and '>' first by outputting to a
// temporary string stream
std::ostringstream t(std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
std::ostream_iterator<char> oi(t);
boost::regex_replace(oi, in.begin(), in.end(), e2, pre_format, boost::match_default | boost::format_all);
// then output to final output stream
// adding syntax highlighting:
std::string s(t.str());
std::ostream_iterator<char> out(os);
boost::regex_replace(out, s.begin(), s.end(), e1, format_string, boost::match_default | boost::format_all);
os << footer_text;
os.close();
}
}
catch(...)
{ return -1; }
return 0;
}

extern const char* pre_expression = "(<)|(>)|(&)|\\r";
extern const char* pre_format = "(?1<)(?2>)(?3&)";

const char* expression_text = // preprocessor directives: index 1
"(^[[:blank:]]*#(?:[^\\\\\\n]|\\\\[^\\n[:punct:][:word:]]*[\\n[:punct:][:word:]])*)|"
// comment: index 2
"(//[^\\n]*|/\\*.*?\\*/)|"
// literals: index 3
"\\<([+-]?(?:(?:0x[[:xdigit:]]+)|(?:(?:[[:digit:]]*\\.)?[[:digit:]]+(?:[eE][+-]?[[:digit:]]+)?))u?(?:(?:int(?:8|16|32|64))|L)?)\\>|"
// string literals: index 4
"('(?:[^\\\\']|\\\\.)*'|\"(?:[^\\\\\"]|\\\\.)*\")|"
// keywords: index 5
"\\<(__asm|__cdecl|__declspec|__export|__far16|__fastcall|__fortran|__import"
"|__pascal|__rtti|__stdcall|_asm|_cdecl|__except|_export|_far16|_fastcall"
"|__finally|_fortran|_import|_pascal|_stdcall|__thread|__try|asm|auto|bool"
"|break|case|catch|cdecl|char|class|const|const_cast|continue|default|delete"
"|do|double|dynamic_cast|else|enum|explicit|extern|false|float|for|friend|goto"
"|if|inline|int|long|mutable|namespace|new|operator|pascal|private|protected"
"|public|register|reinterpret_cast|return|short|signed|sizeof|static|static_cast"
"|struct|switch|template|this|throw|true|try|typedef|typeid|typename|union|unsigned"
"|using|virtual|void|volatile|wchar_t|while)\\>"
;

const char* format_string = "(?1$&)"
"(?2$&)"
"(?3$&)"
"(?4$&)"
"(?5$&)";

const char* header_text = "<HTML>\n<HEAD>\n"
"<TITLE>Auto-generated html formated source</TITLE>\n"
"<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Content-Type\" CONTENT=\"text/html; charset=windows-1252\">\n"
"</HEAD>\n"
"<BODY LINK=\"#0000ff\" VLINK=\"#800080\" BGCOLOR=\"#ffffff\">\n"
" \n<PRE>";

const char* footer_text = "</PRE>\n</BODY>\n\n";