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--以下为2005中写法
create table tb_B(Name varchar(10), paiming int)
insert into tb_B values('aa', 1)
insert into tb_B values('aa', 9)
insert into tb_B values('bb', 3)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 2)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 5)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 7)
go
go
-- 查询处理
SELECT * FROM(SELECT DISTINCT name FROM tb_b)A OUTER APPLY(
SELECT [paiming]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT paiming FROM tb_b N
WHERE name = A.name
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N paiming="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
drop table tb_B
/*
name paiming
---------- -------
aa 1,9
bb 3
cc 2,5,7
(3 行受影响)
*/
--以下为2000中的写法,其中tb_A表没有用处.
create table tb_A(NO varchar(10), Name varchar(10))
insert into tb_A values('A001', 'aa')
insert into tb_A values('A003', 'bb')
insert into tb_A values('A002', 'cc')
create table tb_B(Name varchar(10), paiming int)
insert into tb_B values('aa', 1)
insert into tb_B values('aa', 9)
insert into tb_B values('bb', 3)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 2)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 5)
insert into tb_B values('cc', 7)
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@Name varchar(10))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(paiming as varchar) from tb_B where Name = @Name
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct Name ,dbo.f_hb(Name) as paiming from tb_B
drop table tb_A,tb_B
drop function f_hb
/*
Name paiming
---------- ----------
aa 1,9
bb 3
cc 2,5,7
(所影响的行数为 3 行)
*/
create table tb2(code char(4),dep varchar(20))
insert tb2 select '0001','information'
insert tb2 select '0001','operate'
insert tb2 select '0002','home'
insert tb2 select '0003','code'
insert tb2 select '0003','office'
go
Create FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@code char(4))
RETURNS varchar(500)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(500)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+dep
FROM tb2
WHERE code=@code
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO
select distinct a.name,dep=dbo.f_str(a.code)
from tb1 a,tb2 b
where a.code=b.code
drop table tb1,tb2
drop function f_str
create function wsp(@name varchar(50))
returns varchar(500)
as
begin
declare @sql varchar(500)
select @sql=isnull(@sql+',','')+ltrim(paiming) from tb_B where name=@name
return @sql
end
select distinct name,dbo.wsp(name)[paiming] from tb_B
create function dbo.getstr(@name varchar(100))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @s varchar(8000)
select @s = isnull(@s+',','')+paiming from tb_b where name = @name
return @s
end
go
select name,dbo.getstr(nmae) from tb_b group by name
合并列值
原著:邹建
改编:爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-12-16 广东深圳
表结构,数据如下:
id value
----- ------
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
------ -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即:group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)
1. 旧的解决方法(在sql server 2000中只能用函数解决。)
--1. 创建处理函数
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM tb WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数
SELECt id, value = dbo.f_str(id) FROM tb GROUP BY id
drop table tb
drop function dbo.f_str
/*
id value
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
--2、另外一种函数.
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@id int)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(value as varchar) from tb where id = @id
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct id ,dbo.f_hb(id) as value from tb
drop table tb
drop function dbo.f_hb
/*
id value
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
2. 新的解决方法(在sql server 2005中用OUTER APPLY等解决。)
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
-- 查询处理
SELECT * FROM(SELECT DISTINCT id FROM tb)A OUTER APPLY(
SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT value FROM tb N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
drop table tb
/*
id values
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
*/
/*
带符号合并行列转换(爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-11-19于海南三亚)
有表tb,其数据如下:
a b
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
2 2
3 1
如何转换成如下结果:
a b
1 1,2,3
2 1,2
3 1
*/
create table tb
(
a int,
b int
)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,1)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,2)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,3)
insert into tb(a,b) values(2,1)
insert into tb(a,b) values(2,2)
insert into tb(a,b) values(3,1)
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@a int)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(b as varchar) from tb where a = @a
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct a ,dbo.f_hb(a) as b from tb
drop table tb
drop function f_hb
/*
结果
a b
----------- ------
1 1,2,3
2 1,2
3 1
(所影响的行数为 3 行)
*/
----------------------------------------------------
/*
多个前列的合并
数据的原始状态如下:
ID PR CON OP SC
001 p c 差 6
001 p c 好 2
001 p c 一般 4
002 w e 差 8
002 w e 好 7
002 w e 一般 1
用SQL语句实现,变成如下的数据
ID PR CON OPS
001 p c 差(6),好(2),一般(4)
002 w e 差(8),好(7),一般(1)
*/
create table tb
(
id varchar(10),
pr varchar(10),
con varchar(10),
op varchar(10),
sc int
)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '差', 6)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '好', 2)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '一般', 4)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '差', 8)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '好', 7)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '一般', 1)
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@id varchar(10) , @pr varchar(10) , @con varchar(10))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(OP as varchar) + '('
+ cast(sc as varchar) + ')'
from tb where id = @id and @pr = pr and @con = con
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct id , pr , con , dbo.f_hb(id,pr,con) as ops from tb
drop table tb
drop function f_hb
/*
结果
id pr con ops
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------
001 p c 差(6),好(2),一般(4)
002 w e 差(8),好(7),一般(1)
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
----------------------------------------------------
/*如何将一列中所有的值一行显示
数据源
a
b
c
d
e
结果
a,b,c,d,e
*/
create table tb(col varchar(20))
insert tb values ('a')
insert tb values ('b')
insert tb values ('c')
insert tb values ('d')
insert tb values ('e')
go
--方法一
declare @sql varchar(1000)
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + t.col + ',' from (select col from tb) as t
set @sql='select result = ''' + @sql + ''''
exec(@sql)
/*
result
----------
a,b,c,d,e,
*/
--方法二
declare @output varchar(8000)
select @output = coalesce(@output + ',' , '') + col from tb
print @output
/*
a,b,c,d,e
*/
drop table tb