一个简单小语句 ：）

[Haten]

CREATE TABLE T_TEMP
(ID INT,NAME VARCHAR(10),SEX VARCHAR(1))
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(1,'A','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(2,'B','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(3,'C','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(4,'C','W')

ID NAME SEX
----------- ---- ---
1 A M
2 B M
3 C M
4 C W

想得到结果：
ID NAME SEX
----------- ---- ---
1 A M
2 B M
4 C W
即：NAME重复纪录的最大的一个

[liangCK]

--按某一字段分组取最大(小)值所在行的数据
(爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-10-23于浙江杭州)
/*
数据如下：
name val memo
a    2   a2(a的第二个值)
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
b    1   b1--b的第一个值
b    3   b3:b的第三个值
b    2   b2b2b2b2
b    4   b4b4
b    5   b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

--一、按name分组取val最大的值所在行的数据。
--方法1：
select a.* from tb a where val = (select max(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
--方法2：
select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val)
--方法3：
select a.* from tb a,(select name,max(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法4：
select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , max(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法5
select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          3           a3:a的第三个值
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/

--二、按name分组取val最小的值所在行的数据。
--方法1：
select a.* from tb a where val = (select min(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
--方法2：
select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val)
--方法3：
select a.* from tb a,(select name,min(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法4：
select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , min(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法5
select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
*/

--三、按name分组取第一次出现的行所在的数据。
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
*/

--四、按name分组随机取一条数据。
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name order by newid()) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/

--五、按name分组取最小的两个(N个)val
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val ) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
b          2           b2b2b2b2
*/

--六、按name分组取最大的两个(N个)val
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val desc) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
a          3           a3:a的第三个值
b          4           b4b4
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--七，如果整行数据有重复，所有的列都相同。
/*
数据如下：
name val memo
a    2   a2(a的第二个值)
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
b    1   b1--b的第一个值
b    3   b3:b的第三个值
b    2   b2b2b2b2
b    4   b4b4
b    5   b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--在sql server 2000中只能用一个临时表来解决，生成一个自增列，先对val取最大或最小，然后再通过自增列来取数据。
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

select * , px = identity(int,1,1) into tmp from tb

select m.name,m.val,m.memo from
(
  select t.* from tmp t where val = (select min(val) from tmp where name = t.name)
) m where px = (select min(px) from
(
  select t.* from tmp t where val = (select min(val) from tmp where name = t.name)
) n where n.name = m.name)

drop table tb,tmp

/*
name       val         memo
---------- ----------- --------------------
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值

(2 行受影响)
*/
--在sql server 2005中可以使用row_number函数，不需要使用临时表。
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

select m.name,m.val,m.memo from
(
  select * , px = row_number() over(order by name , val) from tb
) m where px = (select min(px) from
(
  select * , px = row_number() over(order by name , val) from tb
) n where n.name = m.name)

drop table tb

/*
name       val         memo
---------- ----------- --------------------
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值

(2 行受影响)
*/

[dawugui]

select t.* from t_temp t where id = (select max(id) from t_temp where name = t.name)

[wzy_love_sly]

select * from t_temp t where not exists(
select 1 from t_temp where name=t.name and id>t.id
)

[dawugui]

CREATE TABLE T_TEMP 
(ID INT,NAME VARCHAR(10),SEX VARCHAR(1)) 
INSERT INTO  T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX) 
valUES(1,'A','M') 
INSERT INTO  T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX) 
valUES(2,'B','M') 
INSERT INTO  T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX) 
valUES(3,'C','M') 
INSERT INTO  T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX) 
valUES(4,'C','W') 

--方法1：
select a.* from t_temp a where id = (select max(id) from t_temp where name = a.name) order by a.name
--方法2：
select a.* from t_temp a where not exists(select 1 from t_temp where name = a.name and id > a.id)
--方法3：
select a.* from t_temp a,(select name,max(id) id from t_temp group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.id = b.id order by a.name
--方法4：
select a.* from t_temp a inner join (select name , max(id) id from t_temp group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.id = b.id order by a.name
--方法5
select a.* from t_temp a where 1 > (select count(*) from t_temp where name = a.name and id > a.id ) order by a.name

drop table t_temp

/*
ID          NAME       SEX  
----------- ---------- ---- 
1           A          M
2           B          M
4           C          W
*/

[-狙击手-]

CREATE TABLE T_TEMP
(ID INT,NAME VARCHAR(10),SEX VARCHAR(1))
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(1,'A','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(2,'B','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(3,'C','M')
INSERT INTO T_TEMP(ID,NAME,SEX)
VALUES(4,'C','W')
go

select *
from t_temp a
where not exists(select 1 from t_temp where name = a.name and sex > a.sex)

drop table t_temp
/*
ID NAME SEX
----------- ---------- ----
1 A M
2 B M
4 C W

（所影响的行数为 3 行）
*/