求一个时间查询语句

[zhstars]

A B C D Time
1 1 2 3 22:31:01
1 1 2 3 22:31:03
1 1 2 3 22:31:04
1 1 2 3 22:31:05
1 1 2 3 22:32:01
1 1 2 3 22:32:02
1 1 2 3 22:33:02
1 1 2 3 22:34:05
1 1 2 3 22:35:12

如上所示，我希望查询结果是每分钟里面取一行，（最靠近0秒的一行）得到以下结果
1 1 2 3 22:31:01
1 1 2 3 22:32:01
1 1 2 3 22:34:05
1 1 2 3 22:35:12

请各位指点。

[liangCK]

--按某一字段分组取最大(小)值所在行的数据
(爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-10-23于浙江杭州)
/*
数据如下：
name val memo
a    2   a2(a的第二个值)
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
b    1   b1--b的第一个值
b    3   b3:b的第三个值
b    2   b2b2b2b2
b    4   b4b4
b    5   b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

--一、按name分组取val最大的值所在行的数据。
--方法1：
select a.* from tb a where val = (select max(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
--方法2：
select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val)
--方法3：
select a.* from tb a,(select name,max(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法4：
select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , max(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法5
select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          3           a3:a的第三个值
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/

--二、按name分组取val最小的值所在行的数据。
--方法1：
select a.* from tb a where val = (select min(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
--方法2：
select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val)
--方法3：
select a.* from tb a,(select name,min(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法4：
select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , min(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name
--方法5
select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
*/

--三、按name分组取第一次出现的行所在的数据。
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
*/

--四、按name分组随机取一条数据。
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name order by newid()) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/

--五、按name分组取最小的两个(N个)val
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val ) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
b          1           b1--b的第一个值
b          2           b2b2b2b2
*/

--六、按name分组取最大的两个(N个)val
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val desc) order by a.name,a.val
select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name
/*
name       val         memo                 
---------- ----------- -------------------- 
a          2           a2(a的第二个值)
a          3           a3:a的第三个值
b          4           b4b4
b          5           b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--七，如果整行数据有重复，所有的列都相同。
/*
数据如下：
name val memo
a    2   a2(a的第二个值)
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    1   a1--a的第一个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
a    3   a3:a的第三个值
b    1   b1--b的第一个值
b    3   b3:b的第三个值
b    2   b2b2b2b2
b    4   b4b4
b    5   b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--在sql server 2000中只能用一个临时表来解决，生成一个自增列，先对val取最大或最小，然后再通过自增列来取数据。
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

select * , px = identity(int,1,1) into tmp from tb

select m.name,m.val,m.memo from
(
  select t.* from tmp t where val = (select min(val) from tmp where name = t.name)
) m where px = (select min(px) from
(
  select t.* from tmp t where val = (select min(val) from tmp where name = t.name)
) n where n.name = m.name)

drop table tb,tmp

/*
name       val         memo
---------- ----------- --------------------
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值

(2 行受影响)
*/
--在sql server 2005中可以使用row_number函数，不需要使用临时表。
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert into tb values('a',    2,   'a2(a的第二个值)')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    1,   'a1--a的第一个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('a',    3,   'a3:a的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    1,   'b1--b的第一个值')
insert into tb values('b',    3,   'b3:b的第三个值')
insert into tb values('b',    2,   'b2b2b2b2')
insert into tb values('b',    4,   'b4b4')
insert into tb values('b',    5,   'b5b5b5b5b5')
go

select m.name,m.val,m.memo from
(
  select * , px = row_number() over(order by name , val) from tb
) m where px = (select min(px) from
(
  select * , px = row_number() over(order by name , val) from tb
) n where n.name = m.name)

drop table tb

/*
name       val         memo
---------- ----------- --------------------
a          1           a1--a的第一个值
b          1           b1--b的第一个值

(2 行受影响)
*/

[liangCK]

--> liangCK小梁 于2008-07-18
--> 生成测试数据: #T
if object_id('tempdb.dbo.#T') is not null drop table #T
create table #T (A int,B int,C int,D int,Time datetime)
insert into #T
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'

select *
from #T t
where not exists
 (select * from #T where convert(varchar(5),Time,108)=convert(varchar(5),t.Time,108)
             and Time<t.Time)

/*
A           B           C           D           Time
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------------------
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:31:01.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:32:01.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:33:02.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:34:05.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:35:12.000

(5 行受影响)
*/

[sdxiong]

select b.* 
from (
     select min(time) as time from tableA group by left(time,5)
     ) a
left join tableA b on a.time=b.time

[liangCK]

--> liangCK小梁 于2008-07-18
--> 生成测试数据: #T
if object_id('tempdb.dbo.#T') is not null drop table #T
create table #T (A int,B int,C int,D int,Time datetime)
insert into #T
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'

select distinct b.*
from #T a
 cross apply
   (select top 1 * from #T where convert(varchar(5),Time,108)=convert(varchar(5),a.Time,108) order by Time) b

/*
A           B           C           D           Time
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------------------
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:31:01.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:32:01.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:33:02.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:34:05.000
1           1           2           3           1900-01-01 22:35:12.000

(5 行受影响)

*/

[milk111]

create table #T (A int,B int,C int,D int,Time datetime)
insert into #T
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'

select*from #T a where not exists
(select 1 from #T b
where convert(varchar(5),a.time,108)=convert(varchar(5),b.time,108)
and a.time<b.time)

[npkaida]

declare @t table(A int, B int, C int, D int, Time Datetime)

insert into @t 
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05' union all  
select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'

select A,B,C,D,convert(varchar(8),min(Time),114) as Time from @t group by A,B,C,D,datepart(mi,Time)
/*
A       B       C       D       Time
1	1	2	3	22:31:01
1	1	2	3	22:32:01
1	1	2	3	22:33:02
1	1	2	3	22:34:05
1	1	2	3	22:35:12
*/

[zhstars]

多谢大家，结贴！

[zhstars]

看到这么多人给我出主意，我决定加分来答谢大家！
非常感谢！

[BernardSun]

create table #T (A int,B int,C int,D int,Time datetime)
insert into #T
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05' union all
select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'

select A,B,C,D,convert(varchar(8),min(Time),114) as Time from #T group by A,B,C,D,DATEPART(hh,time),datepart(mi,Time)

[longjurujiang]

正在学习sql……ing

[denghz1982]

1楼的我完全没弄明白什么意思....

[vlsm]

[Quote=引用 6 楼 chinamis2008 的回复:]

select A,B,C,D min(time) from table group by A,B,C,D ,substring(time,1,5)
[/Quote]



这个就可以满足你的要求

[mulpig]

呵呵

[zhstars]

试了试你提供的一种方法，不行啊，我里面的数据的数据并没有任何重复的。
我的时间是按秒保存的，我现在只希望能按 分 把数据取出来，每分钟取一行数据就可以了。

[wwwtyb]

--使用临时表 也是比较好的方法
create table #t_te
( A int,
  B int,
  C int,
  D int,
  Time nvarchar(12) 
)
go
insert into #t_te select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'
go 
select A,B,C,D,min(Time) as Time from #t_te  group by A,B,C,D,Left(Time,5)

[chinamis2008]

select A,B,C,D min(time) from table group by A,B,C,D ,substring(time,1,5)

[jhwcd]

[Quote=引用 1 楼 liangCK 的回复:]
SQL code--按某一字段分组取最大(小)值所在行的数据
(爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-10-23于浙江杭州)
/*
数据如下：
name val memo
a 2 a2(a的第二个值)
a 1 a1--a的第一个值
a 3 a3:a的第三个值
b 1 b1--b的第一个值
b 3 b3:b的第三个值
b 2 b2b2b2b2
b 4 b4b4
b 5 b5b5b5b5b5
*/
--创建表并插入数据：
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20))
insert int…
[/Quote]
好详细。

[ChinaJiaBing]

create table te
( A int,
  B int,
  C int,
  D int,
  Time nvarchar(12) 
)
go
insert into te select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:01'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:03'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:04'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:31:05'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:01'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:32:02'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:33:02'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:34:05'
    union all  select 1,1,2,3,'22:35:12'
go 
select A,B,C,D,min(Time) as Time from te  group by A,B,C,D,Left(Time,5)