kingofark 2001-09-15 05:40:36
<Kingofark's 50 Points of View About Learning C++ And Programming>
Revision 1.0

1.把C++当成一门新的语言学习（和C没啥关系！真的。）；

2.看《Thinking In C++》，不要看《C++变成死相》；

3.看《The C++ Programming Language》和《Inside The C++ Object Model》,不要因为他们很难而我们自己是初学者所以就不看；

4.不要被VC、BCB、BC、MC、TC等词汇所迷惑——他们都是集成开发环境，而我们要学的是一门语言；

5.不要放过任何一个看上去很简单的小编程问题——他们往往并不那么简单，或者可以引伸出很多知识点；

6.会用Visual C++，并不说明你会C++；

7.学class并不难，template、STL、generic programming也不过如此——难的是长期坚持实践和不遗余力的博览群书；

8.如果不是天才的话，想学编程就不要想玩游戏——你以为你做到了，其实你的C++水平并没有和你通关的能力一起变高——其实可以时刻记住：学C++是为了编游戏的；

9.看Visual C++的书，是学不了C++语言的；

10.浮躁的人容易说：XX语言不行了，应该学YY；——是你自己不行了吧！？

11.浮躁的人容易问：我到底该学什么；——别问，学就对了；

12.浮躁的人容易问：XX有钱途吗；——建议你去抢银行；

13.浮躁的人容易说：我要中文版！我英文不行！——不行？学呀！

14.浮躁的人容易问：XX和YY哪个好；——告诉你吧，都好——只要你学就行；

15.浮躁的人分两种：a)只观望而不学的人；b)只学而不坚持的人；

16.把时髦的技术挂在嘴边，还不如把过时的技术记在心里；

17.C++不仅仅是支持面向对象的程序设计语言；

18.学习编程最好的方法之一就是阅读源代码；

19.在任何时刻都不要认为自己手中的书已经足够了；

20.请阅读《The Standard C++ Bible》(中文版：标准C++宝典)，掌握C++标准；

21.看得懂的书，请仔细看；看不懂的书，请硬着头皮看；

22.别指望看第一遍书就能记住和掌握什么——请看第二遍、第三遍；

23.请看《Effective C++》和《More Effective C++》以及《Exceptional C++》；

24.不要停留在集成开发环境的摇篮上，要学会控制集成开发环境，还要学会用命令行方式处理程序；

25.和别人一起讨论有意义的C++知识点，而不是争吵XX行不行或者YY与ZZ哪个好；

26.请看《程序设计实践》，并严格的按照其要求去做；

27.不要因为C和C++中有一些语法和关键字看上去相同，就认为它们的意义和作用完全一样；

28.C++绝不是所谓的C的“扩充”——如果C++一开始就起名叫Z语言，你一定不会把C和Z语言联系得那么紧密；

29.请不要认为学过XX语言再改学C++会有什么问题——你只不过又在学一门全新的语言而已；

30.读完了《Inside The C++ Object Model》以后再来认定自己是不是已经学会了C++；

31.学习编程的秘诀是：编程，编程，再编程；

32.请留意下列书籍：《C++面向对象高效编程（C++ Effective Object-Oriented Software Construction）》《面向对象软件构造(Object-Oriented Software Construction)》《设计模式（Design Patterns）》《The Art of Computer Programming》；

33.记住：面向对象技术不只是C++专有的；

34.请把书上的程序例子亲手输入到电脑上实践，即使配套光盘中有源代码；

35.把在书中看到的有意义的例子扩充；

36.请重视C++中的异常处理技术，并将其切实的运用到自己的程序中；

37.经常回顾自己以前写过的程序，并尝试重写，把自己学到的新知识运用进去；

38.不要漏掉书中任何一个练习题——请全部做完并记录下解题思路；

39.C++语言和C++的集成开发环境要同时学习和掌握；

40.既然决定了学C++,就请坚持学下去，因为学习程序设计语言的目的是掌握程序设计技术，而程序设计技术是跨语言的；

41.就让C++语言的各种平台和开发环境去激烈的竞争吧，我们要以学习C++语言本身为主；

42.当你写C++程序写到一半却发现自己用的方法很拙劣时，请不要马上停手；请尽快将余下的部分粗略的完成以保证这个设计的完整性，然后分析自己的错误并重新设计和编写（参见43）；

43.别心急，设计C++的class确实不容易；自己程序中的class和自己的class设计水平是在不断的编程实践中完善和发展的；

44.决不要因为程序“很小”就不遵循某些你不熟练的规则——好习惯是培养出来的，而不是一次记住的；

45.每学到一个C++难点的时候，尝试着对别人讲解这个知识点并让他理解——你能讲清楚才说明你真的理解了；

46.记录下在和别人交流时发现的自己忽视或不理解的知识点；

47.请不断的对自己写的程序提出更高的要求,哪怕你的程序版本号会变成Version 100.XX；

48.保存好你写过的所有的程序——那是你最好的积累之一；

49.请不要做浮躁的人；

50.请热爱C++!

(完）
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kingofark 2001-09-19
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压力再大，还是要尽量多写程序才行。
cber 2001-09-17
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很好。
我看了一下，发现自己在34，35，37，38这几方面还做的不是那么满意：（
kingofark 2001-09-17
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我把文章贴到原创文档区去了。

谢谢大家对我的支持！
kingofark 2001-09-17
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呵呵，谢谢！

我感动啊。

<The Standard C++ Bible>当然很好！！！
xwu 2001-09-17
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up
Nepton 2001-09-17
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Bible
babysloth 2001-09-16
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说得好！
myan 2001-09-16
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贴到文当中心，让大家都看看。
huangsh99 2001-09-16
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请问：
中文版：标准C++宝典)到底好不好？
dickhong2000 2001-09-16
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我也想要呀！

发封到我邮件里吧！dickhong2000@163.net
ignorant 2001-09-16
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说的好啊！
caoxin 2001-09-16
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俺想看VC的源代码，哪里有啊？
zing 2001-09-16
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谁能说说怎样克服浮躁--这个比较难，也是以上说的症结所在。当然所有的问题要靠自己解决，但你可能有有效的自我暗示或其它方法，请说说吧。
项目管理PMO 2001-09-16
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very good!
krerix 2001-09-16
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好。好极了！
tangtao 2001-09-16
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51.建议所有的c++初学者将该文打印出来，贴在墙上，反复体会；
CALM 2001-09-16
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你说的这些书有地方下载么？有些我从来没看到过，英文也可
谢谢
calm7@china.com
iamcobain 2001-09-16
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好
cnzjf99 2001-09-15
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说得蛮好，很贴切，佩服你有这种耐心，向你学习学习
Tricks of the Windows video Game Programming---part1
Tricks of the Windows video Game Programming

PART I Windows Programming Foundations 7
1 Journey into the Abyss 9
A Little History........................................................................................9
Designing Games ..................................................................................13
Types of Games ....................................................................................13
Brainstorming........................................................................................14
The Design Document and Storyboards................................................15
Making the Game Fun ..........................................................................16
The Components of a Game..................................................................16
Section 1: Initialization....................................................................17
Section 2: Enter Game Loop............................................................17
Section 3: Retrieve Player Input ......................................................17
Section 4: Perform AI and Game Logic ..........................................17
Section 5: Render Next Frame ........................................................18
Section 6: Synchronize Display ......................................................18
Section 7: Loop................................................................................18
Section 8: Shutdown ........................................................................18
General Game Programming Guidelines ..............................................21
Using Tools............................................................................................26
C/C++ Compilers ............................................................................26
2D Art Software................................................................................26
Sound Processing Software..............................................................26
3D Modelers ....................................................................................26
Music and MIDI Sequencing Programs ..........................................27
Setting Up to Get Down—Using the Compiler ....................................27
An Example: FreakOut..........................................................................29
Summary................................................................................................46
2 The Windows Programming Model 47
The Genesis of Windows ......................................................................48
Early Windows Versions ..................................................................48
Windows 3.x ....................................................................................48
Windows 95......................................................................................49
Windows 98......................................................................................50
Windows NT ....................................................................................50
Basic Windows Architecture:Win9X/NT........................................50
Multitasking and Multithreading ..........................................................51
Getting Info on the Threads ............................................................52
The Event Model..............................................................................53

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page vi
vi
TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
Programming the Microsoft Way: Hungarian Notation........................55
Variable Naming ..............................................................................56
Function Naming..............................................................................56
Type and Constant Naming..............................................................57
Class Naming....................................................................................57
Parameter Naming............................................................................58
The World’s Simplest Windows Program..............................................58
It All Begins with
WinMain() ..........................................................59
Dissecting the Program....................................................................60
Choosing a Message Box ................................................................63
Real-World Windows Applications (Without Puck)..............................66
The Windows Class ..............................................................................66
Registering the Windows Class ............................................................74
Creating the Window ............................................................................75
The Event Handler ................................................................................77
The Main Event Loop............................................................................84
Making a Real-Time Event Loop..........................................................89
Opening More Windows........................................................................90
Summary................................................................................................93
3 Advanced Windows Programming 95
Using Resources....................................................................................96
Putting Your Resources Together ....................................................98
Using Icon Resources ......................................................................99
Using Cursor Resources ................................................................102
Creating String Table Resources....................................................106
Using Sound
.WAV Resources ........................................................108
Last, But Not Least—Using the Compiler to Create
.RC Files ....114
Working with Menus ..........................................................................116
Creating a Menu ............................................................................116
Loading a Menu..............................................................................119
Responding to Menu Event Messages ..........................................122
Introduction to GDI ............................................................................128
The
WM_PAINT Message Once Again ..............................................128
Video Display Basics and Color....................................................133
RGB and Palletized Modes............................................................135
Basic Text Printing ........................................................................137
Handling Important Events..................................................................143
Window Manipulation....................................................................143
Banging on the Keyboard ..............................................................150
Squeezing the Mouse......................................................................158
Sending Messages Yourself ................................................................161
Summary..............................................................................................163

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page vii
vii
CONTENTS
4 Windows GDI, Controls, and Last-Minute Gift Ideas 165
Advanced GDI Graphics......................................................................166
Under the Hood with the Graphics Device Context......................166
Color, Pens, and Brushes................................................................167
Working with Pens ........................................................................168
Painting with Brushes ....................................................................172
Points, Lines, Polygons, and Circles ..................................................173
Straight to the Point........................................................................173
Getting a Line on Things................................................................175
Getting Rectangular........................................................................177
Round and Round She Goes—Circles ..........................................180
Polygon, Polygon,Wherefore Art Thou, Polygon? ......................181
More on Text and Fonts ......................................................................182
Timing Is Everything ..........................................................................184
The
WM_TIMER Message ..................................................................184
Low-Level Timing..........................................................................187
Playing with Controls..........................................................................190
Buttons............................................................................................191
Sending Messages to Child Controls ............................................195
Getting Information ............................................................................197
The T3D Game Console......................................................................205
Summary..............................................................................................210
PART II DirectX and 2D Fundamentals 211
5 DirectX Fundamentals and the Dreaded COM 213
DirectX Primer ....................................................................................214
The HEL and HAL ........................................................................216
The DirectX Foundation Classes in Depth ....................................216
COM: Is It the Work of Microsoft… or Demons?..............................218
What Exactly Is a COM Object?....................................................219
More on Interface IDs and GUIDs ................................................223
Building a Quasi-COM Object ......................................................224
A Quick Recap of COM ................................................................226
A Working COM Program ............................................................226
Working with DirectX COM Objects..................................................231
COM and Function Pointers ..........................................................232
Creating and Using DirectX Interfaces..........................................236
Querying for Interfaces..................................................................237
The Future of COM ............................................................................238
Summary..............................................................................................239

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page viii
viii
TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
6 First Contact: DirectDraw 241
The Interfaces of DirectDraw..............................................................242
Interface Characteristics ................................................................242
Using the Interfaces Together ........................................................244
Creating a DirectDraw Object ............................................................245
Error Handling with DirectDraw....................................................246
Getting an Interface Lift ................................................................247
Cooperating with Windows ................................................................250
Getting into the Mode of Things ........................................................255
The Subtleties of Color........................................................................259
Building a Display Surface..................................................................263
Creating a Primary Surface............................................................264
Attaching the Palette......................................................................272
Plotting Pixels ................................................................................272
Cleaning Up....................................................................................284
Summary..............................................................................................285
7 Advanced DirectDraw and Bitmapped Graphics 287
Working with High-Color Modes........................................................288
16-Bit High-Color Mode................................................................289
Getting the Pixel Format................................................................290
24/32-Bit High-Color Mode ..........................................................299
Double Buffering ................................................................................301
Surface Dynamics................................................................................307
Page Flipping ......................................................................................311
Using the Blitter ..................................................................................317
Using the Blitter for Memory Filling ............................................320
Copying Bitmaps from Surface to Surface....................................328
Clipper Fundamentals..........................................................................332
Clipping Pixels to a Viewport ........................................................332
Clipping Bitmaps the Hard Way....................................................334
Making a DirectDraw Clip with
IDirectDrawClipper..................339
Working with Bitmaps ........................................................................345
Loading
.BMP files..........................................................................345
Working with Bitmaps....................................................................352
Loading an 8-Bit Bitmap................................................................353
Loading a 16-Bit Bitmap................................................................354
Loading a 24-Bit Bitmap................................................................355
Last Word on Bitmaps....................................................................356
Offscreen Surfaces ..............................................................................356
Creating Offscreen Surfaces ..........................................................356
Blitting Offscreen Surfaces............................................................358
Setting Up the Blitter......................................................................359
Color Keys......................................................................................360
Source Color Keying......................................................................361

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page ix
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CONTENTS
Destination Color Keying ..............................................................364
Using the Blitter (Finally!) ............................................................365
Bitmap Rotation and Scaling ..............................................................366
Discrete Sampling Theory ..................................................................368
Color Effects........................................................................................373
Color Animation in 256-Color Modes ..........................................373
Color Rotation in 256-Color Modes..............................................379
Tricks with RGB Modes ................................................................381
Manual Color Transforms and Lookup Tables....................................381
The New DirectX Color and Gamma Controls Interface....................382
Mixing GDI and DirectX ....................................................................383
Getting the Lowdown on DirectDraw ................................................386
The Main DirectDraw Object ........................................................386
Surfing on Surfaces........................................................................388
Playing with Palettes......................................................................389
Using DirectDraw in Windowed Modes..............................................390
Drawing Pixels in a Window..........................................................392
Finding the Real Client Area (51)..................................................395
Clipping a DirectX Window ..........................................................397
Working with 8-Bit Windowed Modes..........................................398
Summary..............................................................................................400
8 Vector Rasterization and 2D Transformations 401
Drawing Lines......................................................................................402
Bresenham’s Algorithm..................................................................403
Speeding Up the Algorithm............................................................409
Basic 2D Clipping................................................................................411
Computing the Intersection of Two Lines Using the Point
Slope Form ..................................................................................413
Computing the Intersection of Two Lines Using
the General Form ........................................................................416
Computing the Intersection of Two Lines Using
the Matrix Form ..........................................................................416
Clipping the Line............................................................................419
The Cohen-Sutherland Algorithm..................................................420
Wireframe Polygons............................................................................427
Polygon Data Structures ................................................................428
Drawing and Clipping Polygons....................................................430
Transformations in the 2D Plane ........................................................432
Translation......................................................................................433
Rotation..........................................................................................435
Scaling............................................................................................445
Introduction to Matrices......................................................................446
The Identity Matrix........................................................................448
Matrix Addition..............................................................................449

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page x
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TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
Matrix Multiplication ....................................................................449
Transformations Using Matrices....................................................452
Translation ..........................................................................................454
Scaling..................................................................................................455
Rotation................................................................................................455
Solid Filled Polygons ..........................................................................458
Types of Triangles and Quadrilaterals............................................459
Drawing Triangles and Quadrilaterals............................................461
Triangular Deconstruction Details ................................................464
The General Case of Rasterizing a Quadrilateral..........................472
Triangulating Quads ......................................................................473
Collision Detection with Polygons......................................................478
Proximity AKA Bounding Sphere/Circle ......................................478
Bounding Box ................................................................................481
Point Containment..........................................................................484
More on Timing and Synchronization ................................................486
Scrolling and Panning..........................................................................488
Page Scrolling Engines ..................................................................488
Homogeneous Tile Engines............................................................489
Sparse Bitmap Tile Engines ..........................................................494
Fake 3D Isometric Engines..................................................................496
Method 1: Cell-Based, Totally 2D ................................................496
Method 2: Full-Screen-Based, with 2D or 3D
Collision Networks......................................................................498
Method 3: Using Full 3D Math, with a Fixed Camera View ........500
The T3DLIB1 Library ........................................................................500
The Engine Architecture ................................................................500
Basic Definitions............................................................................501
Working Macros ............................................................................502
Data Types and Structures..............................................................503
Global Domination ........................................................................506
The DirectDraw Interface ..............................................................507
2D Polygon Functions....................................................................511
2D Graphic Primitives....................................................................513
Math and Error Functions..............................................................517
Bitmap Functions............................................................................519
Palette Functions............................................................................522
Utility Functions ............................................................................525
The BOB (Blitter Object) Engine........................................................527
Summary..............................................................................................535
9 Uplinking with DirectInput and Force Feedback 537
The Input Loop Revisited....................................................................538
DirectInput Overture............................................................................539
The Components of DirectInput ....................................................541
The General Steps for Setting Up DirectInput ..............................542

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page xi
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CONTENTS
Data Acquisition Modes ................................................................544
Creating the Main DirectInput Object............................................544
The 101-Key Control Pad ..............................................................546
Problem During Reading: Reacquisition........................................554
Trapping the Mouse........................................................................556
Working the Joystick......................................................................561
Massaging Your Input ....................................................................576
Going Deeper with Force Feedback....................................................579
The Physics of Force Feedback......................................................580
Setting Up Force Feedback............................................................580
A Force Feedback Demo................................................................581
Writing a Generalized Input System:
T3DLIB2.CPP ............................582
The T3D Library at a Glance ........................................................588
Summary..............................................................................................588
10 Sounding Off with DirectSound and DirectMusic 589
Sound Programming on the PC ..........................................................589
And Then There Was Sound…............................................................590
Digital versus MIDI—Sounds Great, Less Filling..............................594
Digital Sound—Let the Bits Begin................................................594
Synthesized Sound and MIDI........................................................596
It’s MIDI Time!..............................................................................597
Sound Hardware..................................................................................598
Wave Table Synthesis ....................................................................598
Wave Guide Synthesis....................................................................598
Digital Recording: Tools and Techniques............................................599
Recording Sounds ..........................................................................600
Processing Your Sounds ................................................................600
DirectSound on the Mic ......................................................................601
Starting Up DirectSound......................................................................602
Understanding the Cooperation Level............................................604
Setting the Cooperation Level........................................................605
Primary and Secondary Sound Buffers ..............................................606
Working with Secondary Buffers ..................................................606
Creating Secondary Sound Buffers................................................607
Writing Data to Secondary Buffers................................................610
Rendering Sounds................................................................................612
Playing a Sound..............................................................................612
Stopping a Sound............................................................................612
Controlling the Volume..................................................................612
Freaking with the Frequency..........................................................613
Panning in 3D ................................................................................614
Making DirectSound Talk Back..........................................................614
Reading Sounds from Disk..................................................................616
The
.WAV Format ............................................................................616
Reading
.WAV Files ........................................................................617

0072313618 FM 10/26/99 9:32 AM Page xii
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TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
DirectMusic: The Great Experiment ..................................................622
DirectMusic Architecture ....................................................................622
Starting Up DirectMusic......................................................................624
Initializing COM............................................................................624
Creating the Performance ..............................................................625
Adding a Port to the Performance..................................................626
Loading a MIDI Segment....................................................................626
Creating the Loader........................................................................627
Loading the MIDI File ..................................................................627
Manipulating MIDI Segments ............................................................630
Playing a MIDI Segment................................................................630
Stopping a MIDI Segment..............................................................631
Checking the Status of a MIDI Segment ......................................631
Releasing a MIDI Segment............................................................631
Shutting Down DirectMusic ..........................................................631
A Little DirectMusic Example ......................................................632
The
T3DLIB3 Sound and Music Library ..............................................632
The Header ....................................................................................633
The Types ......................................................................................633
Global Domination ........................................................................634
The DirectSound API Wrapper......................................................635
The DirectMusic API Rapper—Get It?..........................................640
Summary..............................................................................................643
PART III Hard Core Game Programming 645
11 Algorithms, Data Structures, Memory Management,
and Multithreading 647
Data Structures ....................................................................................648
Static Structures and Arrays ..........................................................648
Linked Lists....................................................................................649
Algorithmic Analysis ..........................................................................657
Recursion ............................................................................................659
Trees ....................................................................................................662
Building BSTs................................................................................666
Searching BSTs..............................................................................668
Optimization Theory............................................................................671
Using Your Head ............................................................................671
Mathematical Tricks ......................................................................672
Fixed-Point Math............................................................................673
Unrolling the Loop ........................................................................677
Look-Up Tables..............................................................................678
Assembly Language ......................................................................679
Making Demos ....................................................................................680
Prerecorded Demos........................................................................680
AI-Controlled Demos ....................................................................682

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CONTENTS
Strategies for Saving the Game ..........................................................682
Implementing Multiple Players ..........................................................683
Taking Turns ..................................................................................683
Split-Screen Setups ........................................................................684
Multithreaded Programming Techniques ............................................685
Multithreaded Programming Terminology ....................................686
Why Use Threads in a Game?........................................................687
Conjuring a Thread from the Plasma Pool ....................................689
Sending Messages from Thread to Thread ....................................697
Waiting for the Right Moment ......................................................702
Multithreading and DirectX ..........................................................709
Advanced Multithreading ..............................................................711
Summary..............................................................................................711
12 Making Silicon Think with Artificial Intelligence 713
Artificial Intelligence Primer ..............................................................714
Deterministic AI Algorithms................................................................715
Random Motion..............................................................................716
Tracking Algorithms ......................................................................717
Anti-Tracking: Evasion Algorithms ..............................................722
Patterns and Basic Control Scripting ..................................................722
Basic Patterns ................................................................................723
Patterns with Conditional Logic Processing..................................727
Modeling Behavioral State Systems....................................................729
Elementary State Machines............................................................730
Adding More Robust Behaviors with Personality..........................734
Modeling Memory and Learning with Software ................................736
Planning and Decision Trees ..............................................................740
Coding Plans ..................................................................................742
Implementing a Real Planner ........................................................745
Pathfinding ..........................................................................................747
Trial and Error................................................................................748
Contour Tracing..............................................................................749
Collision Avoidance Tracks............................................................749
Waypoint Pathfinding ....................................................................750
A Racing Example..........................................................................753
Robust Pathfinding ........................................................................754
Advanced AI Scripting ........................................................................759
Designing the Scripting Language ................................................759
Using the C/C++ Compiler............................................................762
Artificial Neural Networks..................................................................767
Genetic Algorithms..............................................................................770
Fuzzy Logic ........................................................................................772
Normal Set Theory ........................................................................773
Fuzzy Set Theory............................................................................774

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TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
Fuzzy Linguistic Variables and Rules............................................776
Fuzzy Manifolds and Membership ................................................779
Fuzzy Associative Matrices............................................................783
Processing the FAM with the Fuzzified Inputs..............................787
Warm and Fuzzy ............................................................................794
Building Real AI for Games................................................................794
Summary..............................................................................................795
13 Playing God: Basic Physics Modeling 797
Fundamental Laws of Physics ............................................................798
Mass (m) ........................................................................................799
Time (t) ..........................................................................................799
Position (s)......................................................................................800
Velocity (v) ....................................................................................802
Acceleration (a)..............................................................................804
Force (F) ........................................................................................807
Forces in Higher Dimensions ........................................................808
Momentum (P)................................................................................809
The Physics of Linear Momentum: Conservation and Transfer ........810
Modeling Gravity Effects....................................................................813
Modeling a Gravity Well................................................................815
Modeling Projectile Trajectories....................................................818
The Evil Head of Friction....................................................................821
Basic Friction Concepts..................................................................821
Friction on an Inclined Plane (Advanced) ....................................823
Basic Ad Hoc Collision Response ......................................................828
Simple x,y Bounce Physics............................................................828
Computing the Collision Response with Planes of
Any Orientation ..........................................................................830
An Example of Vector Reflection..................................................834
Intersection of Line Segments........................................................835
Real 2D Object-to-Object Collision Response (Advanced)................841
Resolving the n-t Coordinate System..................................................846
Simple Kinematics ..............................................................................853
Solving the Forward Kinematic Problem ......................................854
Solving the Inverse Kinematic Problem ........................................858
Particle Systems ..................................................................................859
What Every Particle Needs ............................................................859
Designing a Particle Engine ..........................................................860
The Particle Engine Software ........................................................861
Generating the Initial Conditions ..................................................866
Putting the Particle System Together ............................................869
Playing God: Constructing Physics Models for Games......................870
Data Structures for Physics Modeling............................................870
Frame-Based Versus Time-Based Modeling..................................871
Summary..............................................................................................873

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CONTENTS
14 Putting It All Together: You Got Game! 875
The Initial Design of Outpost..............................................................876
The Story........................................................................................876
Designing the Gameplay................................................................877
The Tools Used to Write the Game ....................................................877
The Game Universe: Scrolling in Space..............................................878
The Player’s Ship: “The Wraith” ........................................................880
The Asteroid Field ..............................................................................882
The Enemies........................................................................................884
The Outposts ..................................................................................885
The Predator Mines........................................................................886
The Gunships..................................................................................888
The Power-Ups....................................................................................891
The HUDS ..........................................................................................892
The Particle System ............................................................................896
Playing the Game ................................................................................896
Compiling Outpost ..............................................................................897
Compilation Files ..........................................................................897
Runtime Files..................................................................................898
Epilogue ..............................................................................................898
P
ART IV Appendixes 901
A What’s on the CD 903
B Installing DirectX and Using the C/C++ Compiler 907
Using the C/C++ Compiler..................................................................908
C Math and Trigonometry Review 911
Trigonometry ......................................................................................911
Vectors..................................................................................................915
Vector Length ................................................................................916
Normalization ................................................................................917
Scalar Multiplication......................................................................917
Vector Addition ..............................................................................918
Vector Subtraction..........................................................................919
The Inner Product, or the “Dot” Product ......................................919
The Cross Product..........................................................................921
The Zero Vector..............................................................................923
Position Vectors..............................................................................923
Vectors as Linear Combinations ....................................................924

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TRICKS OF THE WINDOWS GAME PROGRAMMING GURUS
D C++ Primer 925
What Is C++? ......................................................................................925
The Minimum You Need to Know About C++ ..................................928
New Types, Keywords, and Conventions............................................929
Comments ......................................................................................929
Constants........................................................................................929
Referential Variables ......................................................................929
Creating Variables On-the-Fly........................................................930
Memory Management..........................................................................931
Stream I/O............................................................................................932
Classes..................................................................................................934
The New Struct in Town ................................................................934
Just a Simple Class ........................................................................935
Public Versus Private......................................................................936
Class Member Functions (A.K.A. Methods) ................................937
Constructors and Destructors ........................................................938
Writing a Constructor ....................................................................939
Writing a Destructor ......................................................................941
The Scope Resolution Operator ..........................................................943
Function and Operator Overloading....................................................945
Summary..............................................................................................947
E Game Programming Resources 949
Game Programming Sites....................................................................949
Download Points..................................................................................950
2D/3D Engines ....................................................................................950
Game Programming Books..................................................................951
Microsoft DirectX Multimedia Exposition..........................................951
Usenet Newsgroups ............................................................................951
Keeping Up with the Industry: Blues News........................................952
Game Development Magazines ..........................................................952
Game Web Site Developers ................................................................953
Xtreme Games LLC ............................................................................953
F ASCII Tables 955
Index 961
Kingofark's50 Points of View About Learning C++ And Programming
Long long time ago, on a topic far far away……是的，很久很久以前，kingofark无心之中写了一篇关于学习C++和编程的发牢骚的文章。未曾料到的是，这篇文章被N个好心的网络同胞流传至今，以至于作者得意忘形的将文章简称为Ks50PV，在浅薄和浮躁中麻醉自己。某个醉生梦死的深夜，kingofark关上电脑，屋内一片墨黑，忽然发觉窗外的透彻和宁静。凑到窗
看Kingofark's50 Points of View About Learning C++ And Programming有感
深感汗颜阿，自己也是属于懒惰的一种，只学而不实践，切记每天温习，提高自己 
<kingofark关于学习C++和编程的50个观点> 详解 - 预览版
 Explanatory Notes On Preview详解> 预览版 [注]：Ks 50 PV>是《Kingofarks 50 Points of View About Learning C++ And Programming》（kingofark关于学习C++和编程的50个观点）的简称；Ks 35 MPV>是《Kingofarks 35 More Points of
kingofark关于学习C++和编程的50个观点
<Kingofark's 50 Points of View About Learning C++ And Programming>Revision 1.0 1.把C++当成一门新的语言学习（和C没啥关系！真的。）； 2.看《Thinking In C++》，不要看《C++变成死相》； 3.看《The C++ Programming Language》和《Inside The C++ ...
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