【新手求组】怎么样写一个Windows服务程序,请大家赐教

[清风道禅]

我是学C#的现在我的C#程序,对C++不熟悉....需要写一个C++ 的windows 服务程序（（C#）的耗损内存过大）,请大家帮帮忙`指点一下·给个简单的例子· 非常感谢···

[sys0005]

看看这个有没有帮助：
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/cntservice.aspx

[僵哥]

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9k985bc9.aspx

[清风道禅]

能贴点代码出来吗？MSDN的看起来太费力了·我这网速太慢转来转去的受不了··

[zzz822163]

http://www.vckbase.com/document/viewdoc/?id=1447
有说明,还可以下载源代码

[僵哥]

Microsoft SDK当中有一个Service的Sample，不过有点大:
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Copyright (C) 1993 - 2000. Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

MODULE: service.c

PURPOSE: Implements functions required by all Windows NT services

FUNCTIONS:
main(int argc, char **argv);
service_ctrl(DWORD dwCtrlCode);
service_main(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv);
CmdInstallService();
CmdRemoveService();
CmdDebugService(int argc, char **argv);
ControlHandler ( DWORD dwCtrlType );
GetLastErrorText( LPTSTR lpszBuf, DWORD dwSize );

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <tchar.h>

#include "service.h"

// internal variables
SERVICE_STATUS ssStatus; // current status of the service
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE sshStatusHandle;
DWORD dwErr = 0;
BOOL bDebug = FALSE;
TCHAR szErr[256];

// internal function prototypes
VOID WINAPI service_ctrl(DWORD dwCtrlCode);
VOID WINAPI service_main(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv);
VOID CmdInstallService();
VOID CmdRemoveService();
VOID CmdDebugService(int argc, char **argv);
BOOL WINAPI ControlHandler ( DWORD dwCtrlType );
LPTSTR GetLastErrorText( LPTSTR lpszBuf, DWORD dwSize );

//
// FUNCTION: main
//
// PURPOSE: entrypoint for service
//
// PARAMETERS:
// argc - number of command line arguments
// argv - array of command line arguments
//
// RETURN VALUE:
// none
//
// COMMENTS:
// main() either performs the command line task, or
// call StartServiceCtrlDispatcher to register the
// main service thread. When the this call returns,
// the service has stopped, so exit.
//
void __cdecl main(int argc, char **argv)
{
SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY dispatchTable[] =
{
{ TEXT(SZSERVICENAME), (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)service_main},
{ NULL, NULL}
};

if ( (argc > 1) &&
((*argv[1] == '-') || (*argv[1] == '/')) )
{
if ( _stricmp( "install", argv[1]+1 ) == 0 )
{
CmdInstallService();
}
else if ( _stricmp( "remove", argv[1]+1 ) == 0 )
{
CmdRemoveService();
}
else if ( _stricmp( "debug", argv[1]+1 ) == 0 )
{
bDebug = TRUE;
CmdDebugService(argc, argv);
}
else
{
goto dispatch;
}
exit(0);
}

// if it doesn't match any of the above parameters
// the service control manager may be starting the service
// so we must call StartServiceCtrlDispatcher
dispatch:
// this is just to be friendly
printf( "%s -install to install the service\n", SZAPPNAME );
printf( "%s -remove to remove the service\n", SZAPPNAME );
printf( "%s -debug <params> to run as a console app for debugging\n", SZAPPNAME );
printf( "\nStartServiceCtrlDispatcher being called.\n" );
printf( "This may take several seconds. Please wait.\n" );

if (!StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(dispatchTable))
AddToMessageLog(TEXT("StartServiceCtrlDispatcher failed."));
}



//
// FUNCTION: service_main
//
// PURPOSE: To perform actual initialization of the service
//
// PARAMETERS:
// dwArgc - number of command line arguments
// lpszArgv - array of command line arguments
//
// RETURN VALUE:
// none
//
// COMMENTS:
// This routine performs the service initialization and then calls
// the user defined ServiceStart() routine to perform majority
// of the work.
//
void WINAPI service_main(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv)
{

// register our service control handler:
//
sshStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler( TEXT(SZSERVICENAME), service_ctrl);

if (!sshStatusHandle)
goto cleanup;

// SERVICE_STATUS members that don't change in example
//
ssStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;
ssStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;


// report the status to the service control manager.
//
if (!ReportStatusToSCMgr(
SERVICE_START_PENDING, // service state
NO_ERROR, // exit code
3000)) // wait hint
goto cleanup;


ServiceStart( dwArgc, lpszArgv );

cleanup:

// try to report the stopped status to the service control manager.
//
if (sshStatusHandle)
(VOID)ReportStatusToSCMgr(
SERVICE_STOPPED,
dwErr,
0);

return;
}



//
// FUNCTION: service_ctrl
//
// PURPOSE: This function is called by the SCM whenever
// ControlService() is called on this service.
//
// PARAMETERS:
// dwCtrlCode - type of control requested
//
// RETURN VALUE:
// none
//
// COMMENTS:
//
VOID WINAPI service_ctrl(DWORD dwCtrlCode)
{
// Handle the requested control code.
//
switch (dwCtrlCode)
{
// Stop the service.
//
// SERVICE_STOP_PENDING should be reported before
// setting the Stop Event - hServerStopEvent - in
// ServiceStop(). This avoids a race condition
// which may result in a 1053 - The Service did not respond...
// error.
case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
ReportStatusToSCMgr(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0);
ServiceStop();
return;

// Update the service status.
//
case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
break;

// invalid control code
//
default:
break;

}

ReportStatusToSCMgr(ssStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0);
}



//
// FUNCTION: ReportStatusToSCMgr()
//
// PURPOSE: Sets the current status of the service and
// reports it to the Service Control Manager
//
// PARAMETERS:
// dwCurrentState - the state of the service
// dwWin32ExitCode - error code to report
// dwWaitHint - worst case estimate to next checkpoint
//
// RETURN VALUE:
// TRUE - success
// FALSE - failure
//
// COMMENTS:
//
BOOL ReportStatusToSCMgr(DWORD dwCurrentState,
DWORD dwWin32ExitCode,
DWORD dwWaitHint)
{
static DWORD dwCheckPoint = 1;
BOOL fResult = TRUE;


if ( !bDebug ) // when debugging we don't report to the SCM
{
if (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_START_PENDING)
ssStatus.dwControlsAccepted = 0;
else
ssStatus.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;

ssStatus.dwCurrentState = dwCurrentState;
ssStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = dwWin32ExitCode;
ssStatus.dwWaitHint = dwWaitHint;

if ( ( dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING ) ||
( dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED ) )
ssStatus.dwCheckPoint = 0;
else
ssStatus.dwCheckPoint = dwCheckPoint++;


// Report the status of the service to the service control manager.
//
if (!(fResult = SetServiceStatus( sshStatusHandle, &ssStatus)))
{
AddToMessageLog(TEXT("SetServiceStatus"));
}
}
return fResult;
}

[僵哥]

//
//  FUNCTION: AddToMessageLog(LPTSTR lpszMsg)
//
//  PURPOSE: Allows any thread to log an error message
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    lpszMsg - text for message
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    none
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
VOID AddToMessageLog(LPTSTR lpszMsg)
{
   TCHAR szMsg [(sizeof(SZSERVICENAME) / sizeof(TCHAR)) + 100 ];
   HANDLE  hEventSource;
   LPTSTR  lpszStrings[2];

   if ( !bDebug )
   {
      dwErr = GetLastError();

      // Use event logging to log the error.
      //
      hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, TEXT(SZSERVICENAME));

      _stprintf(szMsg, TEXT("%s error: %d"), TEXT(SZSERVICENAME), dwErr);
      lpszStrings[0] = szMsg;
      lpszStrings[1] = lpszMsg;

      if (hEventSource != NULL)
      {
         ReportEvent(hEventSource, // handle of event source
                     EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE,  // event type
                     0,                    // event category
                     0,                    // event ID
                     NULL,                 // current user's SID
                     2,                    // strings in lpszStrings
                     0,                    // no bytes of raw data
                     lpszStrings,          // array of error strings
                     NULL);                // no raw data

         (VOID) DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
      }
   }
}




///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//  The following code handles service installation and removal
//


//
//  FUNCTION: CmdInstallService()
//
//  PURPOSE: Installs the service
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    none
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    none
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
void CmdInstallService()
{
   SC_HANDLE   schService;
   SC_HANDLE   schSCManager;

   TCHAR szPath[512];

   if ( GetModuleFileName( NULL, szPath, 512 ) == 0 )
   {
      _tprintf(TEXT("Unable to install %s - %s\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME), GetLastErrorText(szErr, 256));
      return;
   }

   schSCManager = OpenSCManager(
                               NULL,                   // machine (NULL == local)
                               NULL,                   // database (NULL == default)
                               SC_MANAGER_CONNECT | SC_MANAGER_CREATE_SERVICE  // access required
                               );
   if ( schSCManager )
   {
      schService = CreateService(
                                schSCManager,               // SCManager database
                                TEXT(SZSERVICENAME),        // name of service
                                TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME), // name to display
                                SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS,         // desired access
                                SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,  // service type
                                SERVICE_DEMAND_START,       // start type
                                SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,       // error control type
                                szPath,                     // service's binary
                                NULL,                       // no load ordering group
                                NULL,                       // no tag identifier
                                TEXT(SZDEPENDENCIES),       // dependencies
                                NULL,                       // LocalSystem account
                                NULL);                      // no password

      if ( schService )
      {
         _tprintf(TEXT("%s installed.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME) );
         CloseServiceHandle(schService);
      }
      else
      {
         _tprintf(TEXT("CreateService failed - %s\n"), GetLastErrorText(szErr, 256));
      }

      CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
   }
   else
      _tprintf(TEXT("OpenSCManager failed - %s\n"), GetLastErrorText(szErr,256));
}



//
//  FUNCTION: CmdRemoveService()
//
//  PURPOSE: Stops and removes the service
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    none
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    none
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
void CmdRemoveService()
{
   SC_HANDLE   schService;
   SC_HANDLE   schSCManager;

   schSCManager = OpenSCManager(
                               NULL,                   // machine (NULL == local)
                               NULL,                   // database (NULL == default)
                               SC_MANAGER_CONNECT   // access required
                               );
   if ( schSCManager )
   {
      schService = OpenService(schSCManager, TEXT(SZSERVICENAME), DELETE | SERVICE_STOP | SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS);

      if (schService)
      {
         // try to stop the service
         if ( ControlService( schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssStatus ) )
         {
            _tprintf(TEXT("Stopping %s."), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME));
            Sleep( 1000 );

            while ( QueryServiceStatus( schService, &ssStatus ) )
            {
               if ( ssStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING )
               {
                  _tprintf(TEXT("."));
                  Sleep( 1000 );
               }
               else
                  break;
            }

            if ( ssStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED )
               _tprintf(TEXT("\n%s stopped.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME) );
            else
               _tprintf(TEXT("\n%s failed to stop.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME) );

         }

         // now remove the service
         if ( DeleteService(schService) )
            _tprintf(TEXT("%s removed.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME) );
         else
            _tprintf(TEXT("DeleteService failed - %s\n"), GetLastErrorText(szErr,256));


         CloseServiceHandle(schService);
      }
      else
         _tprintf(TEXT("OpenService failed - %s\n"), GetLastErrorText(szErr,256));

      CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
   }
   else
      _tprintf(TEXT("OpenSCManager failed - %s\n"), GetLastErrorText(szErr,256));
}




///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//  The following code is for running the service as a console app
//


//
//  FUNCTION: CmdDebugService(int argc, char ** argv)
//
//  PURPOSE: Runs the service as a console application
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    argc - number of command line arguments
//    argv - array of command line arguments
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    none
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
void CmdDebugService(int argc, char ** argv)
{
   DWORD dwArgc;
   LPTSTR *lpszArgv;

#ifdef UNICODE
   lpszArgv = CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &(dwArgc) );
   if (NULL == lpszArgv)
   {
       // CommandLineToArvW failed!!
       _tprintf(TEXT("CmdDebugService CommandLineToArgvW returned NULL\n"));
       return;
   }
#else
   dwArgc   = (DWORD) argc;
   lpszArgv = argv;
#endif

   _tprintf(TEXT("Debugging %s.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME));

   SetConsoleCtrlHandler( ControlHandler, TRUE );

   ServiceStart( dwArgc, lpszArgv );

#ifdef UNICODE
// Must free memory allocated for arguments

   GlobalFree(lpszArgv);
#endif // UNICODE

}

[僵哥]

//
//  FUNCTION: ControlHandler ( DWORD dwCtrlType )
//
//  PURPOSE: Handled console control events
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    dwCtrlType - type of control event
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    True - handled
//    False - unhandled
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
BOOL WINAPI ControlHandler ( DWORD dwCtrlType )
{
   switch ( dwCtrlType )
   {
   case CTRL_BREAK_EVENT:  // use Ctrl+C or Ctrl+Break to simulate
   case CTRL_C_EVENT:      // SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP in debug mode
      _tprintf(TEXT("Stopping %s.\n"), TEXT(SZSERVICEDISPLAYNAME));
      ServiceStop();
      return TRUE;
      break;

   }
   return FALSE;
}

//
//  FUNCTION: GetLastErrorText
//
//  PURPOSE: copies error message text to string
//
//  PARAMETERS:
//    lpszBuf - destination buffer
//    dwSize - size of buffer
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    destination buffer
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
LPTSTR GetLastErrorText( LPTSTR lpszBuf, DWORD dwSize )
{
   DWORD dwRet;
   LPTSTR lpszTemp = NULL;

   dwRet = FormatMessage( FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY,
                          NULL,
                          GetLastError(),
                          LANG_NEUTRAL,
                          (LPTSTR)&lpszTemp,
                          0,
                          NULL );

   // supplied buffer is not long enough
   if ( !dwRet || ( (long)dwSize < (long)dwRet+14 ) )
      lpszBuf[0] = TEXT('\0');
   else
   {
      lpszTemp[lstrlen(lpszTemp)-2] = TEXT('\0');  //remove cr and newline character
      _stprintf( lpszBuf, TEXT("%s (0x%x)"), lpszTemp, GetLastError() );
   }

   if ( lpszTemp )
      LocalFree((HLOCAL) lpszTemp );

   return lpszBuf;
}