weblogic6.1(windows2000)中如何配置classpath?servlet又如何调用？

zhangchunlei 2001-09-29 12:34:36
一。jsp或java文件中引用其它jar(或zip)，在tomcat中用的是系统classpath，在weblogic中报错，找不到什么类的方法什么的，请问如何配置？希望能详细一些。

二。servlet在weblogic中如何调用？
在tomcat中直接调用“../servlets/user.servlet.SyslogServlet”，但在weblogic中说找不到。我已经将所有class拷贝到D：\project\web目录下的WEB-INF下的classes中了，目录结构没有变，请问要将D:\project\web\WEB-INF\classes加到系统classpath中吗？该怎么做？希望能详细一些。谢谢！！
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huangbrid 2002-01-29
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@ startx25weblogic.cmd

在起动服务的脚本加CLASSPATH
set PATH=.\bin;%PATH%

set CLASSPATH=.;.\lib\weblogic_sp.jar;.\lib\weblogic.jar
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;C:\bea\wlserver6.0\config\x25domain\applications\defaultwebapp_x25server\WEB_INF\classes
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;C:\bea\wlserver6.0\config\X25Domain\applications\jp0006gb\WEB-INF\classes"%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java" -hotspot -ms64m -mx64m -classpath %CLASSPATH% -Dweblogic.Domain=X25Domain -Dweblogic.Name=X25Server "-Dbea.home=C:\bea" "-Djava.security.policy==C:\bea\wlserver6.0/lib/weblogic.policy" -Dweblogic.management.password=%WLS_PW% weblogic.Server

在web.xml中配servlet：
<web-app>

<!--
<context-param>
<param-name>weblogic.servlet.reloadCheckSecs</param-name>
<param-value>0</param-value>
</context-param>
-->
<!--Add By X25 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>examples.servlets.HelloWorld2</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>Hello</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--Add Date 2001-07-30-->


<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>hello.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
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2.1. 简介 2.2. 控制反转(IoC)容器 2.2.1. 新的bean作用域 2.2.2. 更简单的XML配置 2.2.3. 可扩展的XML编写 2.2.4. Annotation(注解)驱动配置 2.2.5. 在classpath中自动搜索组件 2.3. 面向切面编程(AOP) 2.3.1. 更加简单的AOP XML配置 2.3.2. 对@AspectJ 切面的支持 2.3.3. 对bean命名pointcut( bean name pointcut element)的支持 2.3.4. 对AspectJ装载时织入（AspectJ load-time weaving）的支持 2.4. 中间层 2.4.1. 在XML里更为简单的声明性事务配置 2.4.2. 对Websphere 事务管理的完整支持 2.4.3. JPA 2.4.4. 异步的JMS 2.4.5. JDBC 2.5. Web层 2.5.1. Spring MVC合理的默认值 2.5.2. Portlet 框架 2.5.3. 基于Annotation的控制器 2.5.4. Spring MVC的表单标签库 2.5.5. 对Tiles 2 支持 2.5.6. 对JSF 1.2支持 2.5.7. JAX-WS支持 2.6. 其他 2.6.1. 动态语言支持 2.6.2. 增强的测试支持 2.6.3. JMX 支持 2.6.4. 将Spring 应用程序上下文部署为JCA adapter 2.6.5. 计划任务 2.6.6. 对Java 5 (Tiger) 支持 2.7. 移植到Spring 2.5 2.7.1. 改变 2.8. 更新的样例应用 2.9. 改进的文档 I. 核心技术 3. IoC(控制反转)容器 3.1. 简介 3.2. 基本原理 - 容器和bean 3.2.1. 容器 3.2.2. 实例化容器 3.2.3. 多种bean 3.2.4. 使用容器 3.3. 依赖 3.3.1. 注入依赖 3.3.2. 依赖配置详解 3.3.3. 使用depends-on 3.3.4. 延迟初始化bean 3.3.5. 自动装配（autowire）协作者 3.3.6. 依赖检查 3.3.7. 方法注入 3.4. Bean的作用域 3.4.1. Singleton作用域 3.4.2. 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ByteArrayResource 4.4. ResourceLoader接口 4.5. ResourceLoaderAware 接口 4.6. 把Resource作为属性来配置 4.7. Application context 和Resource 路径 4.7.1. 构造application context 4.7.2. Application context构造器中资源路径的通配符 4.7.3. FileSystemResource 说明 5. 校验，数据绑定，BeanWrapper，与属性编辑器 5.1. 简介 5.2. 使用Spring的Validator接口进行校验 5.3. 从错误代码到错误信息 5.4. Bean处理和BeanWrapper 5.4.1. 设置和获取属性值以及嵌套属性 5.4.2. 内建的PropertyEditor实现 6. 使用Spring进行面向切面编程（AOP） 6.1. 简介 6.1.1. AOP概念 6.1.2. Spring AOP的功能和目标 6.1.3. AOP代理 6.2. @AspectJ支持 6.2.1. 启用@AspectJ支持 6.2.2. 声明一个切面 6.2.3. 声明一个切入点（pointcut） 6.2.4. 声明通知 6.2.5. 引入（Introduction） 6.2.6. 切面实例化模型 6.2.7. 例子 6.3. 基于Schema的AOP支持 6.3.1. 声明一个切面 6.3.2. 声明一个切入点 6.3.3. 声明通知 6.3.4. 引入 6.3.5. 切面实例化模型 6.3.6. Advisor 6.3.7. 例子 6.4. AOP声明风格的选择 6.4.1. Spring AOP还是完全用AspectJ？ 6.4.2. Spring AOP中使用@AspectJ还是XML？ 6.5. 混合切面类型 6.6. 代理机制 6.6.1. 理解AOP代理 6.7. 以编程方式创建@AspectJ代理 6.8. 在Spring应用中使用AspectJ 6.8.1. 在Spring中使用AspectJ进行domain object的依赖注入 6.8.2. Spring中其他的AspectJ切面 6.8.3. 使用Spring IoC来配置AspectJ的切面 6.8.4. 在Spring应用中使用AspectJ加载时织入（LTW） 6.9. 更多资源 7. Spring AOP APIs 7.1. 简介 7.2. Spring中的切入点API 7.2.1. 概念 7.2.2. 切入点运算 7.2.3. AspectJ切入点表达式 7.2.4. 便利的切入点实现 7.2.5. 切入点的超类 7.2.6. 自定义切入点 7.3. Spring的通知API 7.3.1. 通知的生命周期 7.3.2. Spring里的通知类型 7.4. Spring里的Advisor API 7.5. 使用ProxyFactoryBean创建AOP代理 7.5.1. 基础 7.5.2. JavaBean属性 7.5.3. 基于JDK和CGLIB的代理 7.5.4. 对接口进行代理 7.5.5. 对类进行代理 7.5.6. 使用“全局”通知器 7.6. 简化代理定义 7.7. 使用ProxyFactory通过编程创建AOP代理 7.8. 操作被通知对象 7.9. 使用“自动代理（autoproxy）”功能 7.9.1. 自动代理bean定义 7.9.2. 使用元数据驱动的自动代理 7.10. 使用TargetSource 7.10.1. 热交换目标源 7.10.2. 池化目标源 7.10.3. 原型目标源 7.10.4. ThreadLocal目标源 7.11. 定义新的Advice类型 7.12. 更多资源 8. 测试 8.1. 简介 8.2. 单元测试 8.2.1. Mock对象 8.2.2. 单元测试支持类 8.3. 集成测试 8.3.1. 概览 8.3.2. 使用哪个支持框架 8.3.3. 通用目标 8.3.4. JDBC测试支持 8.3.5. 常用注解 8.3.6. JUnit 3.8遗留支持 8.3.7. Spring TestContext Framework 8.3.8. PetClinic示例 8.4. 更多资源 II. 中间层数据访问 9. 事务管理 9.1. 简介 9.2. 动机 9.3. 关键抽象 9.4. 使用资源同步的事务 9.4.1. 高层次方案 9.4.2. 低层次方案 9.4.3. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy 9.5. 声明式事务管理 9.5.1. 理解Spring的声明式事务管理实现 9.5.2. 第一个例子 9.5.3. 回滚 9.5.4. 为不同的bean配置不同的事务语义 9.5.5. 有关的设置 9.5.6. 使用 @Transactional 9.5.7. 事务传播 9.5.8. 通知事务操作 9.5.9. 结合AspectJ使用 @Transactional 9.6. 编程式事务管理 9.6.1. 使用TransactionTemplate 9.6.2. 使用PlatformTransactionManager 9.7. 选择编程式事务管理还是声明式事务管理 9.8. 与特定应用服务器集成 9.8.1. IBM WebSphere 9.8.2. BEA WebLogic 9.8.3. Oracle OC4J 9.9. 常见问题的解决方法 9.9.1. 对一个特定的 DataSource 使用了错误的事务管理器 9.10. 更多的资源 10. DAO支持 10.1. 简介 10.2. 一致的异常层次 10.3. 一致的DAO支持抽象类 11. 使用JDBC进行数据访问 11.1. 简介 11.1.1. 选择一种工作模式 11.1.2. Spring JDBC包结构 11.2. 利用JDBC核心类控制JDBC的基本操作和错误处理 11.2.1. JdbcTemplate类 11.2.2. NamedParameterJdbcTemplate类 11.2.3. SimpleJdbcTemplate类 11.2.4. DataSource接口 11.2.5. SQLExceptionTranslator接口 11.2.6. 执行SQL语句 11.2.7. 执行查询 11.2.8. 更新数据库 11.2.9. 获取自动生成的主键 11.3. 控制数据库连接 11.3.1. DataSourceUtils类 11.3.2. SmartDataSource接口 11.3.3. AbstractDataSource类 11.3.4. SingleConnectionDataSource类 11.3.5. DriverManagerDataSource类 11.3.6. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy类 11.3.7. DataSourceTransactionManager类 11.3.8. NativeJdbcExtractor 11.4. JDBC批量操作 11.4.1. 使用JdbcTemplate进行批量操作 11.4.2. 使用SimpleJdbcTemplate进行批量操作 11.5. 通过使用SimpleJdbc类简化JDBC操作 11.5.1. 使用SimpleJdbcInsert插入数据 11.5.2. 使用SimpleJdbcInsert来获取自动生成的主键 11.5.3. 指定SimpleJdbcInsert所使用的字段 11.5.4. 使用SqlParameterSource提供参数值 11.5.5. 使用SimpleJdbcCall调用存储过程 11.5.6. 声明SimpleJdbcCall使用的参数 11.5.7. 如何定义SqlParameters 11.5.8. 使用SimpleJdbcCall调用内置函数 11.5.9. 使用SimpleJdbcCall返回的ResultSet/REF Cursor 11.6. 用Java对象来表达JDBC操作 11.6.1. SqlQuery类 11.6.2. MappingSqlQuery类 11.6.3. SqlUpdate类 11.6.4. StoredProcedure类 11.6.5. SqlFunction类 11.7. 参数和数据处理的基本原则 11.7.1. 为参数设置SQL类型信息 11.7.2. 处理BLOB 和 CLOB对象 11.7.3. 在IN语句中传入一组参数值 11.7.4. 处理复杂类型的存储过程调用 12. 使用ORM工具进行数据访问 12.1. 简介 12.2. Hibernate 12.2.1. 资源管理 12.2.2. 在Spring容器中创建 SessionFactory 12.2.3. The HibernateTemplate 12.2.4. 不使用回调的基于Spring的DAO实现 12.2.5. 基于Hibernate3的原生API实现DAO 12.2.6. 编程式的事务划分 12.2.7. 声明式的事务划分 12.2.8. 事务管理策略 12.2.9. 容器资源 vs 本地资源 12.2.10. 在应用服务器中使用Hibernate的注意事项 12.3. JDO 12.3.1. 建立PersistenceManagerFactory 12.3.2. JdoTemplate和JdoDaoSupport 12.3.3. 基于原生的JDO API实现DAO 12.3.4. 事务管理 12.3.5. JdoDialect 12.4. Oracle TopLink 12.4.1. SessionFactory 抽象层 12.4.2. TopLinkTemplate and TopLinkDaoSupport 12.4.3. 基于原生的TopLink API的DAO实现 12.4.4. 事务管理 12.5. iBATIS SQL Maps 12.5.1. 创建SqlMapClient 12.5.2. 使用 SqlMapClientTemplate 和 SqlMapClientDaoSupport 12.5.3. 基于原生的iBATIS API的DAO实现 12.6. JPA 12.6.1. 在Spring环境中建立JPA 12.6.2. JpaTemplate 和 JpaDaoSupport 12.6.3. 基于原生的JPA实现DAO 12.6.4. 异常转化 12.7. 事务管理 12.8. JpaDialect III. The Web 13. Web MVC framework Web框架 13.1. 概述 13.1.1. 与其他MVC实现框架的集成 13.1.2. Spring Web MVC框架的特点 13.2. DispatcherServlet 13.3. 控制器 13.3.1. AbstractController 和 WebContentGenerator 13.3.2. 其它的简单控制器 13.3.3. MultiActionController 13.3.4. 命令控制器 13.4. 处理器映射（handler mapping） 13.4.1. BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 13.4.2. SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 13.4.3. 拦截器（HandlerInterceptor） 13.5. 视图与视图解析 13.5.1. 视图解析器（ViewResolver） 13.5.2. 视图解析链 13.5.3. 重定向（Rediret）到另一个视图 13.6. 本地化解析器 13.6.1. AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver 13.6.2. CookieLocaleResolver 13.6.3. SessionLocaleResolver 13.6.4. LocaleChangeInterceptor 13.7. 使用主题 13.7.1. 简介 13.7.2. 如何定义主题 13.7.3. 主题解析器 13.8. Spring对分段文件上传（multipart file upload）的支持 13.8.1. 介绍 13.8.2. 使用MultipartResolver 13.8.3. 在表单中处理分段文件上传 13.9. 使用Spring的表单标签库 13.9.1. 配置 13.9.2. form标签 13.9.3. input标签 13.9.4. checkbox标签 13.9.5. checkboxes标签 13.9.6. radiobutton标签 13.9.7. radiobuttons标签 13.9.8. password标签 13.9.9. select标签 13.9.10. option标签 13.9.11. options标签 13.9.12. textarea标签 13.9.13. hidden标签 13.9.14. errors标签 13.10. 处理异常 13.11. 惯例优先原则（convention over configuration） 13.11.1. 对控制器的支持：ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping 13.11.2. 对模型的支持：ModelMap（ModelAndView） 13.11.3. 对视图的支持：RequestToViewNameTranslator 13.12. 基于注解的控制器配置 13.12.1. 建立dispatcher实现注解支持 13.12.2. 使用@Controller定义一个控制器 13.12.3. 使用@RequestMapping映射请求 13.12.4. 使用@RequestParam绑定请求参数到方法参数 13.12.5. 使用@ModelAttribute提供一个从模型到数据的链接 13.12.6. 使用@SessionAttributes指定存储在会话中的属性 13.12.7. 自定义WebDataBinder初始化 13.13. 更多资源 14. 集成视图技术 14.1. 简介 14.2. JSP和JSTL 14.2.1. 视图解析器 14.2.2. 'Plain-old' JSPs versus JSTL 'Plain-old' JSP与JSTL 14.2.3. 帮助简化开发的额外的标签 14.3. Tiles 14.3.1. 需要的资源 14.3.2. 如何集成Tiles 14.4. Velocity和FreeMarker 14.4.1. 需要的资源 14.4.2. Context 配置 14.4.3. 创建模板 14.4.4. 高级配置 14.4.5. 绑定支持和表单处理 14.5. XSLT 14.5.1. 写在段首 14.5.2. 小结 14.6. 文档视图（PDF/Excel） 14.6.1. 简介 14.6.2. 配置和安装 14.7. JasperReports 14.7.1. 依赖的资源 14.7.2. 配置 14.7.3. 构造ModelAndView 14.7.4. 使用子报表 14.7.5. 配置Exporter的参数 15. 集成其它Web框架 15.1. 简介 15.2. 通用配置 15.3. JavaServer Faces 15.3.1. DelegatingVariableResolver 15.3.2. FacesContextUtils 15.4. Struts 15.4.1. ContextLoaderPlugin 15.4.2. ActionSupport Classes 15.5. Tapestry 15.5.1. 注入 Spring 托管的 beans 15.6. WebWork 15.7. 更多资源 16. Portlet MVC框架 16.1. 介绍 16.1.1. 控制器 - MVC中的C 16.1.2. 视图 - MVC中的V 16.1.3. Web作用范围的Bean 16.2. DispatcherPortlet 16.3. ViewRendererServlet 16.4. 控制器 16.4.1. AbstractController 和 PortletContentGenerator 16.4.2. 其它简单的控制器 16.4.3. Command控制器 16.4.4. PortletWrappingController 16.5. 处理器映射 16.5.1. PortletModeHandlerMapping 16.5.2. ParameterHandlerMapping 16.5.3. PortletModeParameterHandlerMapping 16.5.4. 增加 HandlerInterceptors 16.5.5. HandlerInterceptorAdapter 16.5.6. ParameterMappingInterceptor 16.6. 视图和它们的解析 16.7. Multipart文件上传支持 16.7.1. 使用 PortletMultipartResolver 16.7.2. 处理表单里的文件上传 16.8. 异常处理 16.9. Portlet应用的部署 IV. 整合 17. 使用Spring进行远程访问与Web服务 17.1. 简介 17.2. 使用RMI暴露服务 17.2.1. 使用RmiServiceExporter暴露服务 17.2.2. 在客户端链接服务 17.3. 使用Hessian或者Burlap通过HTTP远程调用服务 17.3.1. 为Hessian和co.配置DispatcherServlet 17.3.2. 使用HessianServiceExporter暴露你的bean 17.3.3. 在客户端连接服务 17.3.4. 使用Burlap 17.3.5. 对通过Hessian或Burlap暴露的服务使用HTTP Basic认证 17.4. 使用HTTP调用器暴露服务 17.4.1. Exposing the service object 17.4.2. 在客户端连接服务 17.5. Web Services 17.5.1. 使用JAX-RPC暴露基于servlet的web服务 17.5.2. 使用JAX-RPC访问web服务 17.5.3. 注册JAX-RPC Bean映射 17.5.4. 注册自己的JAX-RPC 处理器 17.5.5. 使用JAX-WS暴露基于servlet的web服务 17.5.6. 使用JAX-WS暴露单独web服务 17.5.7. 使用Spring支持的JAX-WS RI来暴露服务 17.5.8. 使用JAX-WS访问web服务 17.5.9. 使用XFire来暴露Web服务 17.6. JMS 17.6.1. 服务端配置 17.6.2. 客户端配置 17.7. 对远程接口不提供自动探测实现 17.8. 在选择这些技术时的一些考虑 18. Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) 集成 18.1. 简介 18.2. 访问EJB 18.2.1. 概念 18.2.2. 访问本地的无状态Session Bean(SLSB) 18.2.3. 访问远程SLSB 18.2.4. Accessing EJB 2.x SLSBs versus EJB 3 SLSBs 18.3. 使用Spring提供的辅助类实现EJB组件 18.3.1. EJB 2.x base classes 18.3.2. EJB 3 注入拦截 19. JMS (Java Message Service) 19.1. 简介 19.2. 使用Spring JMS 19.2.1. JmsTemplate 19.2.2. 连接工厂 19.2.3. 目的地管理 19.2.4. 消息侦听容器 19.2.5. 事务管理 19.3. 发送消息 19.3.1. 使用消息转换器 19.3.2. SessionCallback 和 ProducerCallback 19.4. 接收消息 19.4.1. 同步接收 19.4.2. 异步接收 - 消息驱动的POJO 19.4.3. SessionAwareMessageListener接口 19.4.4. MessageListenerAdapter 19.4.5. 事务中的消息处理 19.5. JCA消息端点的支持 19.6. JMS命名空间支持 20. JMX 20.1. 介绍 20.2. 将Bean暴露为JMX 20.2.1. 创建MBeanServer 20.2.2. 重用原有的MBeanServer 20.2.3. 延迟初始化的MBean 20.2.4. MBean的自动注册 20.2.5. 控制注册行为 20.3. 控制Bean的管理接口 20.3.1. MBeanInfoAssembler接口 20.3.2. 使用源码级元数据 20.3.3. 使用JDK 5.0的注解 20.3.4. 源代码级的元数据类型 20.3.5. AutodetectCapableMBeanInfoAssembler接口 20.3.6. 用Java接口定义管理接口 20.3.7. 使用MethodNameBasedMBeanInfoAssembler 20.4. 控制Bean的ObjectName 20.4.1. 从Properties读取Properties 20.4.2. 使用MetadataNamingStrategy 20.4.3. 元素 20.5. JSR-160连接器 20.5.1. 服务器端连接器 20.5.2. 客户端连接器 20.5.3. 基于Burlap/Hessian/SOAP的JMX 20.6. 通过代理访问MBean 20.7. 通知 20.7.1. 为通知注册监听器 20.7.2. 发布通知 20.8. 更多资源 21. JCA CCI 21.1. 简介 21.2. 配置CCI 21.2.1. 连接器配置 21.2.2. 在Spring中配置ConnectionFactory 21.2.3. 配置CCI连接 21.2.4. 使用一个 CCI 单连接 21.3. 使用Spring的 CCI访问支持 21.3.1. 记录转换 21.3.2. CciTemplate类 21.3.3. DAO支持 21.3.4. 自动输出记录生成 21.3.5. 总结 21.3.6. 直接使用一个CCI Connection接口和Interaction接口 21.3.7. CciTemplate 使用示例 21.4. 建模CCI访问为操作对象 21.4.1. MappingRecordOperation 21.4.2. MappingCommAreaOperation 21.4.3. 自动生成输出记录 21.4.4. 总结 21.4.5. MappingRecordOperation 使用示例 21.4.6. MappingCommAreaOperation 使用示例 21.5. 事务 22. Spring邮件抽象层 22.1. 简介 22.2. 使用Spring邮件抽象 22.2.1. MailSender 和 SimpleMailMessage 的基本用法 22.2.2. 使用 JavaMailSender 和 MimeMessagePreparator 22.3. 使用MimeMessageHelper 22.3.1. 发送附件和嵌入式资源(inline resources) 22.3.2. 使用模板来创建邮件内容 23. Spring中的定时调度(Scheduling)和线程池(Thread Pooling) 23.1. 简介 23.2. 使用OpenSymphony Quartz 调度器 23.2.1. 使用JobDetailBean 23.2.2. 使用 MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean 23.2.3. 使用triggers和SchedulerFactoryBean来包装任务 23.3. 使用JDK Timer支持类 23.3.1. 创建定制的timers 23.3.2. 使用 MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean类 23.3.3. 最后：使用TimerFactoryBean来设置任务 23.4. SpringTaskExecutor抽象 23.4.1. TaskExecutor接口 23.4.2. TaskExecutor类型 23.4.3. 使用TaskExecutor 24. 动态语言支持 24.1. 介绍 24.2. 第一个示例 24.3. 定义动态语言支持的bean 24.3.1. 公共概念 24.3.2. JRuby beans 24.3.3. Groovy beans 24.3.4. BeanShell beans 24.4. 场景 24.4.1. Spring MVC控制器的脚本化 24.4.2. Validator的脚本化 24.5. Bits and bobs 24.5.1. AOP - 通知脚本化bean 24.5.2. 作用域 24.6. 更多的资源 25. 注解和源代码级的元数据支持 25.1. 简介 25.2. Spring的元数据支持 25.3. 注解 25.3.1. @Required 25.3.2. Spring中的其它@Annotations 25.4. Jakarta Commons Attributes集成 25.5. 元数据和Spring AOP自动代理 25.5.1. 基本原理 25.5.2. 声明式事务管理 V. 示例程序 26. 演示案例 26.1. 介绍 26.2. 使用动态语言实现的Spring MVC控制器 26.2.1. 构建与部署 26.3. 使用SimpleJdbcTemplate和@Repository实现DAO 26.3.1. 域对象 26.3.2. Data Access Object 26.3.3. 构建 A. XML Schema-based configuration A.1. Introduction A.2. XML Schema-based configuration A.2.1. Referencing the schemas A.2.2. The util schema A.2.3. The jee schema A.2.4. The lang schema A.2.5. The jms schema A.2.6. The tx (transaction) schema A.2.7. The aop schema A.2.8. The context schema A.2.9. The tool schema A.2.10. The beans schema A.3. Setting up your IDE A.3.1. Setting up Eclipse A.3.2. Setting up IntelliJ IDEA A.3.3. Integration issues B. Extensible XML authoring B.1. Introduction B.2. Authoring the schema B.3. Coding a NamespaceHandler B.4. Coding a BeanDefinitionParser B.5. Registering the handler and the schema B.5.1. 'META-INF/spring.handlers' B.5.2. 'META-INF/spring.schemas' B.6. Using a custom extension in your Spring XML configuration B.7. Meatier examples B.7.1. Nesting custom tags within custom tags B.7.2. Custom attributes on 'normal' elements B.8. Further Resources C. spring-beans-2.0.dtd D. spring.tld D.1. Introduction D.2. The bind tag D.3. The escapeBody tag D.4. The hasBindErrors tag D.5. The htmlEscape tag D.6. The message tag D.7. The nestedPath tag D.8. The theme tag D.9. The transform tag E. spring-form.tld E.1. Introduction E.2. The checkbox tag E.3. The checkboxes tag E.4. The errors tag E.5. The form tag E.6. The hidden tag E.7. The input tag E.8. The label tag E.9. The option tag E.10. The options tag E.11. The password tag E.12. The radiobutton tag E.13. The radiobuttons tag E.14. The select tag E.15. The textarea tag F. Spring 2.5开发手册中文化项目 F.1. 声明 F.2. 致谢 F.3. 参与人员 F.4. 项目历程 表格清单 3.1. bean定义 3.2. Autowiring modes 3.3. 依赖检查方式 3.4. Bean作用域 3.5. Feature Matrix特性表 3.6. 内置事件 3.7. 过滤器类型 4.1. Resource strings 5.1. 属性示例 5.2. 内建的PropertyEditors 6.1. DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver LoadTimeWeaversDefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver类和LoadTimeWeavers接口 6.2. aspectj-weaving属性值 9.1. 有关的设置 9.2. 设置 9.3. @Transactional 注解的属性 13.1. WebApplicationContext中特殊的bean 13.2. DispatcherServlet初始化参数 13.3. AbstractController提供的功能 13.4. 视图解析器 13.5. CookieLocaleResolver的属性 13.6. ThemeResolver的实现 14.1. 宏定义表 14.2. JasperReports View Classes 14.3. JasperReportsMultiFormatView默认Mapping Key映射 16.1. WebApplicationContext中特殊的Bean 16.2. DispatcherPortlet 的初始化参数 16.3. AbstractController提供的功能 19.1. JMS listener 元素的属性 19.2. JMS 元素的属性 19.3. JMS 元素的属性 20.1. 注册行为 20.2. 源代码级的元数据类型 20.3. 源代码级的元数据参数 21.1. Usage of Interaction execute methods 21.2. Usage of Interaction execute methods A.1. Eclipse XML editors D.1. Attributes D.2. Attributes D.3. Attributes D.4. Attributes D.5. Attributes D.6. Attributes D.7. Attributes D.8. Attributes E.1. Attributes E.2. Attributes E.3. Attributes E.4. Attributes E.5. Attributes E.6. Attributes E.7. Attributes E.8. Attributes E.9. Attributes E.10. Attributes E.11. Attributes E.12. Attributes E.13. Attributes E.14. Attributes
Spring API
前言 1. 简介 1.1. 概览 1.1.1. 使用场景 2. Spring 2.0和 2.5的新特性 2.1. 简介 2.2. 控制反转(IoC)容器 2.2.1. 新的bean作用域 2.2.2. 更简单的XML配置 2.2.3. 可扩展的XML编写 2.2.4. Annotation(注解)驱动配置 2.2.5. 在classpath中自动搜索组件 2.3. 面向切面编程(AOP) 2.3.1. 更加简单的AOP XML配置 2.3.2. 对@AspectJ 切面的支持 2.3.3. 对bean命名pointcut( bean name pointcut element)的支持 2.3.4. 对AspectJ装载时织入（AspectJ load-time weaving）的支持 2.4. 中间层 2.4.1. 在XML里更为简单的声明性事务配置 2.4.2. 对Websphere 事务管理的完整支持 2.4.3. JPA 2.4.4. 异步的JMS 2.4.5. JDBC 2.5. Web层 2.5.1. Spring MVC合理的默认值 2.5.2. Portlet 框架 2.5.3. 基于Annotation的控制器 2.5.4. Spring MVC的表单标签库 2.5.5. 对Tiles 2 支持 2.5.6. 对JSF 1.2支持 2.5.7. JAX-WS支持 2.6. 其他 2.6.1. 动态语言支持 2.6.2. 增强的测试支持 2.6.3. JMX 支持 2.6.4. 将Spring 应用程序上下文部署为JCA adapter 2.6.5. 计划任务 2.6.6. 对Java 5 (Tiger) 支持 2.7. 移植到Spring 2.5 2.7.1. 改变 2.8. 更新的样例应用 2.9. 改进的文档 I. 核心技术 3. IoC(控制反转)容器 3.1. 简介 3.2. 基本原理 - 容器和bean 3.2.1. 容器 3.2.2. 实例化容器 3.2.3. 多种bean 3.2.4. 使用容器 3.3. 依赖 3.3.1. 注入依赖 3.3.2. 依赖配置详解 3.3.3. 使用depends-on 3.3.4. 延迟初始化bean 3.3.5. 自动装配（autowire）协作者 3.3.6. 依赖检查 3.3.7. 方法注入 3.4. Bean的作用域 3.4.1. Singleton作用域 3.4.2. Prototype作用域 3.4.3. Singleton beans和prototype-bean的依赖 3.4.4. 其他作用域 3.4.5. 自定义作用域 3.5. 定制bean特性 3.5.1. 生命周期回调 3.5.2. 了解自己 3.6. bean定义的继承 3.7. 容器扩展点 3.7.1. 用BeanPostProcessor定制bean 3.7.2. 用BeanFactoryPostProcessor定制配置元数据 3.7.3. 使用FactoryBean定制实例化逻辑 3.8. The ApplicationContext 3.8.1. BeanFactory 还是 ApplicationContext? 3.8.2. 利用MessageSource实现国际化 3.8.3. 事件 3.8.4. 底层资源的访问 3.8.5. ApplicationContext在WEB应用中的实例化 3.9. 粘合代码和可怕的singleton 3.10. 以J2EE RAR文件的形式部署Spring ApplicationContext 3.11. 基于注解（Annotation-based）的配置 3.11.1. @Autowired 3.11.2. 基于注解的自动连接微调 3.11.3. CustomAutowireConfigurer 3.11.4. @Resource 3.11.5. @PostConstruct 与 @PreDestroy 3.12. 对受管组件的Classpath扫描 3.12.1. @Component和更多典型化注解 3.12.2. 自动检测组件 3.12.3. 使用过滤器自定义扫描 3.12.4. 自动检测组件的命名 3.12.5. 为自动检测的组件提供一个作用域 3.12.6. 用注解提供限定符元数据 3.13. 注册一个LoadTimeWeaver 4. 资源 4.1. 简介 4.2. Resource接口 4.3. 内置 Resource 实现 4.3.1. UrlResource 4.3.2. ClassPathResource 4.3.3. FileSystemResource 4.3.4. ServletContextResource 4.3.5. InputStreamResource 4.3.6. ByteArrayResource 4.4. ResourceLoader接口 4.5. ResourceLoaderAware 接口 4.6. 把Resource作为属性来配置 4.7. Application context 和Resource 路径 4.7.1. 构造application context 4.7.2. Application context构造器中资源路径的通配符 4.7.3. FileSystemResource 说明 5. 校验，数据绑定，BeanWrapper，与属性编辑器 5.1. 简介 5.2. 使用Spring的Validator接口进行校验 5.3. 从错误代码到错误信息 5.4. Bean处理和BeanWrapper 5.4.1. 设置和获取属性值以及嵌套属性 5.4.2. 内建的PropertyEditor实现 6. 使用Spring进行面向切面编程（AOP） 6.1. 简介 6.1.1. AOP概念 6.1.2. Spring AOP的功能和目标 6.1.3. AOP代理 6.2. @AspectJ支持 6.2.1. 启用@AspectJ支持 6.2.2. 声明一个切面 6.2.3. 声明一个切入点（pointcut） 6.2.4. 声明通知 6.2.5. 引入（Introduction） 6.2.6. 切面实例化模型 6.2.7. 例子 6.3. 基于Schema的AOP支持 6.3.1. 声明一个切面 6.3.2. 声明一个切入点 6.3.3. 声明通知 6.3.4. 引入 6.3.5. 切面实例化模型 6.3.6. Advisor 6.3.7. 例子 6.4. AOP声明风格的选择 6.4.1. Spring AOP还是完全用AspectJ？ 6.4.2. Spring AOP中使用@AspectJ还是XML？ 6.5. 混合切面类型 6.6. 代理机制 6.6.1. 理解AOP代理 6.7. 以编程方式创建@AspectJ代理 6.8. 在Spring应用中使用AspectJ 6.8.1. 在Spring中使用AspectJ进行domain object的依赖注入 6.8.2. Spring中其他的AspectJ切面 6.8.3. 使用Spring IoC来配置AspectJ的切面 6.8.4. 在Spring应用中使用AspectJ加载时织入（LTW） 6.9. 更多资源 7. Spring AOP APIs 7.1. 简介 7.2. Spring中的切入点API 7.2.1. 概念 7.2.2. 切入点运算 7.2.3. AspectJ切入点表达式 7.2.4. 便利的切入点实现 7.2.5. 切入点的超类 7.2.6. 自定义切入点 7.3. Spring的通知API 7.3.1. 通知的生命周期 7.3.2. Spring里的通知类型 7.4. Spring里的Advisor API 7.5. 使用ProxyFactoryBean创建AOP代理 7.5.1. 基础 7.5.2. JavaBean属性 7.5.3. 基于JDK和CGLIB的代理 7.5.4. 对接口进行代理 7.5.5. 对类进行代理 7.5.6. 使用“全局”通知器 7.6. 简化代理定义 7.7. 使用ProxyFactory通过编程创建AOP代理 7.8. 操作被通知对象 7.9. 使用“自动代理（autoproxy）”功能 7.9.1. 自动代理bean定义 7.9.2. 使用元数据驱动的自动代理 7.10. 使用TargetSource 7.10.1. 热交换目标源 7.10.2. 池化目标源 7.10.3. 原型目标源 7.10.4. ThreadLocal目标源 7.11. 定义新的Advice类型 7.12. 更多资源 8. 测试 8.1. 简介 8.2. 单元测试 8.2.1. Mock对象 8.2.2. 单元测试支持类 8.3. 集成测试 8.3.1. 概览 8.3.2. 使用哪个支持框架 8.3.3. 通用目标 8.3.4. JDBC测试支持 8.3.5. 常用注解 8.3.6. JUnit 3.8遗留支持 8.3.7. Spring TestContext Framework 8.3.8. PetClinic示例 8.4. 更多资源 II. 中间层数据访问 9. 事务管理 9.1. 简介 9.2. 动机 9.3. 关键抽象 9.4. 使用资源同步的事务 9.4.1. 高层次方案 9.4.2. 低层次方案 9.4.3. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy 9.5. 声明式事务管理 9.5.1. 理解Spring的声明式事务管理实现 9.5.2. 第一个例子 9.5.3. 回滚 9.5.4. 为不同的bean配置不同的事务语义 9.5.5. 有关的设置 9.5.6. 使用 @Transactional 9.5.7. 事务传播 9.5.8. 通知事务操作 9.5.9. 结合AspectJ使用 @Transactional 9.6. 编程式事务管理 9.6.1. 使用TransactionTemplate 9.6.2. 使用PlatformTransactionManager 9.7. 选择编程式事务管理还是声明式事务管理 9.8. 与特定应用服务器集成 9.8.1. IBM WebSphere 9.8.2. BEA WebLogic 9.8.3. Oracle OC4J 9.9. 常见问题的解决方法 9.9.1. 对一个特定的 DataSource 使用了错误的事务管理器 9.10. 更多的资源 10. DAO支持 10.1. 简介 10.2. 一致的异常层次 10.3. 一致的DAO支持抽象类 11. 使用JDBC进行数据访问 11.1. 简介 11.1.1. 选择一种工作模式 11.1.2. Spring JDBC包结构 11.2. 利用JDBC核心类控制JDBC的基本操作和错误处理 11.2.1. JdbcTemplate类 11.2.2. NamedParameterJdbcTemplate类 11.2.3. SimpleJdbcTemplate类 11.2.4. DataSource接口 11.2.5. SQLExceptionTranslator接口 11.2.6. 执行SQL语句 11.2.7. 执行查询 11.2.8. 更新数据库 11.2.9. 获取自动生成的主键 11.3. 控制数据库连接 11.3.1. DataSourceUtils类 11.3.2. SmartDataSource接口 11.3.3. AbstractDataSource类 11.3.4. SingleConnectionDataSource类 11.3.5. DriverManagerDataSource类 11.3.6. TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy类 11.3.7. DataSourceTransactionManager类 11.3.8. NativeJdbcExtractor 11.4. JDBC批量操作 11.4.1. 使用JdbcTemplate进行批量操作 11.4.2. 使用SimpleJdbcTemplate进行批量操作 11.5. 通过使用SimpleJdbc类简化JDBC操作 11.5.1. 使用SimpleJdbcInsert插入数据 11.5.2. 使用SimpleJdbcInsert来获取自动生成的主键 11.5.3. 指定SimpleJdbcInsert所使用的字段 11.5.4. 使用SqlParameterSource提供参数值 11.5.5. 使用SimpleJdbcCall调用存储过程 11.5.6. 声明SimpleJdbcCall使用的参数 11.5.7. 如何定义SqlParameters 11.5.8. 使用SimpleJdbcCall调用内置函数 11.5.9. 使用SimpleJdbcCall返回的ResultSet/REF Cursor 11.6. 用Java对象来表达JDBC操作 11.6.1. SqlQuery类 11.6.2. MappingSqlQuery类 11.6.3. SqlUpdate类 11.6.4. StoredProcedure类 11.6.5. SqlFunction类 11.7. 参数和数据处理的基本原则 11.7.1. 为参数设置SQL类型信息 11.7.2. 处理BLOB 和 CLOB对象 11.7.3. 在IN语句中传入一组参数值 11.7.4. 处理复杂类型的存储过程调用 12. 使用ORM工具进行数据访问 12.1. 简介 12.2. Hibernate 12.2.1. 资源管理 12.2.2. 在Spring容器中创建 SessionFactory 12.2.3. The HibernateTemplate 12.2.4. 不使用回调的基于Spring的DAO实现 12.2.5. 基于Hibernate3的原生API实现DAO 12.2.6. 编程式的事务划分 12.2.7. 声明式的事务划分 12.2.8. 事务管理策略 12.2.9. 容器资源 vs 本地资源 12.2.10. 在应用服务器中使用Hibernate的注意事项 12.3. JDO 12.3.1. 建立PersistenceManagerFactory 12.3.2. JdoTemplate和JdoDaoSupport 12.3.3. 基于原生的JDO API实现DAO 12.3.4. 事务管理 12.3.5. JdoDialect 12.4. Oracle TopLink 12.4.1. SessionFactory 抽象层 12.4.2. TopLinkTemplate and TopLinkDaoSupport 12.4.3. 基于原生的TopLink API的DAO实现 12.4.4. 事务管理 12.5. iBATIS SQL Maps 12.5.1. 创建SqlMapClient 12.5.2. 使用 SqlMapClientTemplate 和 SqlMapClientDaoSupport 12.5.3. 基于原生的iBATIS API的DAO实现 12.6. JPA 12.6.1. 在Spring环境中建立JPA 12.6.2. JpaTemplate 和 JpaDaoSupport 12.6.3. 基于原生的JPA实现DAO 12.6.4. 异常转化 12.7. 事务管理 12.8. JpaDialect III. The Web 13. Web MVC framework Web框架 13.1. 概述 13.1.1. 与其他MVC实现框架的集成 13.1.2. Spring Web MVC框架的特点 13.2. DispatcherServlet 13.3. 控制器 13.3.1. AbstractController 和 WebContentGenerator 13.3.2. 其它的简单控制器 13.3.3. MultiActionController 13.3.4. 命令控制器 13.4. 处理器映射（handler mapping） 13.4.1. BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 13.4.2. SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 13.4.3. 拦截器（HandlerInterceptor） 13.5. 视图与视图解析 13.5.1. 视图解析器（ViewResolver） 13.5.2. 视图解析链 13.5.3. 重定向（Rediret）到另一个视图 13.6. 本地化解析器 13.6.1. AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver 13.6.2. CookieLocaleResolver 13.6.3. SessionLocaleResolver 13.6.4. LocaleChangeInterceptor 13.7. 使用主题 13.7.1. 简介 13.7.2. 如何定义主题 13.7.3. 主题解析器 13.8. Spring对分段文件上传（multipart file upload）的支持 13.8.1. 介绍 13.8.2. 使用MultipartResolver 13.8.3. 在表单中处理分段文件上传 13.9. 使用Spring的表单标签库 13.9.1. 配置 13.9.2. form标签 13.9.3. input标签 13.9.4. checkbox标签 13.9.5. checkboxes标签 13.9.6. radiobutton标签 13.9.7. radiobuttons标签 13.9.8. password标签 13.9.9. select标签 13.9.10. option标签 13.9.11. options标签 13.9.12. textarea标签 13.9.13. hidden标签 13.9.14. errors标签 13.10. 处理异常 13.11. 惯例优先原则（convention over configuration） 13.11.1. 对控制器的支持：ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping 13.11.2. 对模型的支持：ModelMap（ModelAndView） 13.11.3. 对视图的支持：RequestToViewNameTranslator 13.12. 基于注解的控制器配置 13.12.1. 建立dispatcher实现注解支持 13.12.2. 使用@Controller定义一个控制器 13.12.3. 使用@RequestMapping映射请求 13.12.4. 使用@RequestParam绑定请求参数到方法参数 13.12.5. 使用@ModelAttribute提供一个从模型到数据的链接 13.12.6. 使用@SessionAttributes指定存储在会话中的属性 13.12.7. 自定义WebDataBinder初始化 13.13. 更多资源 14. 集成视图技术 14.1. 简介 14.2. JSP和JSTL 14.2.1. 视图解析器 14.2.2. 'Plain-old' JSPs versus JSTL 'Plain-old' JSP与JSTL 14.2.3. 帮助简化开发的额外的标签 14.3. Tiles 14.3.1. 需要的资源 14.3.2. 如何集成Tiles 14.4. Velocity和FreeMarker 14.4.1. 需要的资源 14.4.2. Context 配置 14.4.3. 创建模板 14.4.4. 高级配置 14.4.5. 绑定支持和表单处理 14.5. XSLT 14.5.1. 写在段首 14.5.2. 小结 14.6. 文档视图（PDF/Excel） 14.6.1. 简介 14.6.2. 配置和安装 14.7. JasperReports 14.7.1. 依赖的资源 14.7.2. 配置 14.7.3. 构造ModelAndView 14.7.4. 使用子报表 14.7.5. 配置Exporter的参数 15. 集成其它Web框架 15.1. 简介 15.2. 通用配置 15.3. JavaServer Faces 15.3.1. DelegatingVariableResolver 15.3.2. FacesContextUtils 15.4. Struts 15.4.1. ContextLoaderPlugin 15.4.2. ActionSupport Classes 15.5. Tapestry 15.5.1. 注入 Spring 托管的 beans 15.6. WebWork 15.7. 更多资源 16. Portlet MVC框架 16.1. 介绍 16.1.1. 控制器 - MVC中的C 16.1.2. 视图 - MVC中的V 16.1.3. Web作用范围的Bean 16.2. DispatcherPortlet 16.3. ViewRendererServlet 16.4. 控制器 16.4.1. AbstractController 和 PortletContentGenerator 16.4.2. 其它简单的控制器 16.4.3. Command控制器 16.4.4. PortletWrappingController 16.5. 处理器映射 16.5.1. PortletModeHandlerMapping 16.5.2. ParameterHandlerMapping 16.5.3. PortletModeParameterHandlerMapping 16.5.4. 增加 HandlerInterceptors 16.5.5. HandlerInterceptorAdapter 16.5.6. ParameterMappingInterceptor 16.6. 视图和它们的解析 16.7. Multipart文件上传支持 16.7.1. 使用 PortletMultipartResolver 16.7.2. 处理表单里的文件上传 16.8. 异常处理 16.9. Portlet应用的部署 IV. 整合 17. 使用Spring进行远程访问与Web服务 17.1. 简介 17.2. 使用RMI暴露服务 17.2.1. 使用RmiServiceExporter暴露服务 17.2.2. 在客户端链接服务 17.3. 使用Hessian或者Burlap通过HTTP远程调用服务 17.3.1. 为Hessian和co.配置DispatcherServlet 17.3.2. 使用HessianServiceExporter暴露你的bean 17.3.3. 在客户端连接服务 17.3.4. 使用Burlap 17.3.5. 对通过Hessian或Burlap暴露的服务使用HTTP Basic认证 17.4. 使用HTTP调用器暴露服务 17.4.1. Exposing the service object 17.4.2. 在客户端连接服务 17.5. Web Services 17.5.1. 使用JAX-RPC暴露基于servlet的web服务 17.5.2. 使用JAX-RPC访问web服务 17.5.3. 注册JAX-RPC Bean映射 17.5.4. 注册自己的JAX-RPC 处理器 17.5.5. 使用JAX-WS暴露基于servlet的web服务 17.5.6. 使用JAX-WS暴露单独web服务 17.5.7. 使用Spring支持的JAX-WS RI来暴露服务 17.5.8. 使用JAX-WS访问web服务 17.5.9. 使用XFire来暴露Web服务 17.6. JMS 17.6.1. 服务端配置 17.6.2. 客户端配置 17.7. 对远程接口不提供自动探测实现 17.8. 在选择这些技术时的一些考虑 18. Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) 集成 18.1. 简介 18.2. 访问EJB 18.2.1. 概念 18.2.2. 访问本地的无状态Session Bean(SLSB) 18.2.3. 访问远程SLSB 18.2.4. Accessing EJB 2.x SLSBs versus EJB 3 SLSBs 18.3. 使用Spring提供的辅助类实现EJB组件 18.3.1. EJB 2.x base classes 18.3.2. EJB 3 注入拦截 19. JMS (Java Message Service) 19.1. 简介 19.2. 使用Spring JMS 19.2.1. JmsTemplate 19.2.2. 连接工厂 19.2.3. 目的地管理 19.2.4. 消息侦听容器 19.2.5. 事务管理 19.3. 发送消息 19.3.1. 使用消息转换器 19.3.2. SessionCallback 和 ProducerCallback 19.4. 接收消息 19.4.1. 同步接收 19.4.2. 异步接收 - 消息驱动的POJO 19.4.3. SessionAwareMessageListener接口 19.4.4. MessageListenerAdapter 19.4.5. 事务中的消息处理 19.5. JCA消息端点的支持 19.6. JMS命名空间支持 20. JMX 20.1. 介绍 20.2. 将Bean暴露为JMX 20.2.1. 创建MBeanServer 20.2.2. 重用原有的MBeanServer 20.2.3. 延迟初始化的MBean 20.2.4. MBean的自动注册 20.2.5. 控制注册行为 20.3. 控制Bean的管理接口 20.3.1. MBeanInfoAssembler接口 20.3.2. 使用源码级元数据 20.3.3. 使用JDK 5.0的注解 20.3.4. 源代码级的元数据类型 20.3.5. AutodetectCapableMBeanInfoAssembler接口 20.3.6. 用Java接口定义管理接口 20.3.7. 使用MethodNameBasedMBeanInfoAssembler 20.4. 控制Bean的ObjectName 20.4.1. 从Properties读取Properties 20.4.2. 使用MetadataNamingStrategy 20.4.3. 元素 20.5. JSR-160连接器 20.5.1. 服务器端连接器 20.5.2. 客户端连接器 20.5.3. 基于Burlap/Hessian/SOAP的JMX 20.6. 通过代理访问MBean 20.7. 通知 20.7.1. 为通知注册监听器 20.7.2. 发布通知 20.8. 更多资源 21. JCA CCI 21.1. 简介 21.2. 配置CCI 21.2.1. 连接器配置 21.2.2. 在Spring中配置ConnectionFactory 21.2.3. 配置CCI连接 21.2.4. 使用一个 CCI 单连接 21.3. 使用Spring的 CCI访问支持 21.3.1. 记录转换 21.3.2. CciTemplate类 21.3.3. DAO支持 21.3.4. 自动输出记录生成 21.3.5. 总结 21.3.6. 直接使用一个CCI Connection接口和Interaction接口 21.3.7. CciTemplate 使用示例 21.4. 建模CCI访问为操作对象 21.4.1. MappingRecordOperation 21.4.2. MappingCommAreaOperation 21.4.3. 自动生成输出记录 21.4.4. 总结 21.4.5. MappingRecordOperation 使用示例 21.4.6. MappingCommAreaOperation 使用示例 21.5. 事务 22. Spring邮件抽象层 22.1. 简介 22.2. 使用Spring邮件抽象 22.2.1. MailSender 和 SimpleMailMessage 的基本用法 22.2.2. 使用 JavaMailSender 和 MimeMessagePreparator 22.3. 使用MimeMessageHelper 22.3.1. 发送附件和嵌入式资源(inline resources) 22.3.2. 使用模板来创建邮件内容 23. Spring中的定时调度(Scheduling)和线程池(Thread Pooling) 23.1. 简介 23.2. 使用OpenSymphony Quartz 调度器 23.2.1. 使用JobDetailBean 23.2.2. 使用 MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean 23.2.3. 使用triggers和SchedulerFactoryBean来包装任务 23.3. 使用JDK Timer支持类 23.3.1. 创建定制的timers 23.3.2. 使用 MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean类 23.3.3. 最后：使用TimerFactoryBean来设置任务 23.4. SpringTaskExecutor抽象 23.4.1. TaskExecutor接口 23.4.2. TaskExecutor类型 23.4.3. 使用TaskExecutor 24. 动态语言支持 24.1. 介绍 24.2. 第一个示例 24.3. 定义动态语言支持的bean 24.3.1. 公共概念 24.3.2. JRuby beans 24.3.3. Groovy beans 24.3.4. BeanShell beans 24.4. 场景 24.4.1. Spring MVC控制器的脚本化 24.4.2. Validator的脚本化 24.5. Bits and bobs 24.5.1. AOP - 通知脚本化bean 24.5.2. 作用域 24.6. 更多的资源 25. 注解和源代码级的元数据支持 25.1. 简介 25.2. Spring的元数据支持 25.3. 注解 25.3.1. @Required 25.3.2. Spring中的其它@Annotations 25.4. Jakarta Commons Attributes集成 25.5. 元数据和Spring AOP自动代理 25.5.1. 基本原理 25.5.2. 声明式事务管理 V. 示例程序 26. 演示案例 26.1. 介绍 26.2. 使用动态语言实现的Spring MVC控制器 26.2.1. 构建与部署 26.3. 使用SimpleJdbcTemplate和@Repository实现DAO 26.3.1. 域对象 26.3.2. Data Access Object 26.3.3. 构建 A. XML Schema-based configuration A.1. Introduction A.2. XML Schema-based configuration A.2.1. Referencing the schemas A.2.2. The util schema A.2.3. The jee schema A.2.4. The lang schema A.2.5. The jms schema A.2.6. The tx (transaction) schema A.2.7. The aop schema A.2.8. The context schema A.2.9. The tool schema A.2.10. The beans schema A.3. Setting up your IDE A.3.1. Setting up Eclipse A.3.2. Setting up IntelliJ IDEA A.3.3. Integration issues B. Extensible XML authoring B.1. Introduction B.2. Authoring the schema B.3. Coding a NamespaceHandler B.4. Coding a BeanDefinitionParser B.5. Registering the handler and the schema B.5.1. 'META-INF/spring.handlers' B.5.2. 'META-INF/spring.schemas' B.6. Using a custom extension in your Spring XML configuration B.7. Meatier examples B.7.1. Nesting custom tags within custom tags B.7.2. Custom attributes on 'normal' elements B.8. Further Resources C. spring-beans-2.0.dtd D. spring.tld D.1. Introduction D.2. The bind tag D.3. The escapeBody tag D.4. The hasBindErrors tag D.5. The htmlEscape tag D.6. The message tag D.7. The nestedPath tag D.8. The theme tag D.9. The transform tag E. spring-form.tld E.1. Introduction E.2. The checkbox tag E.3. The checkboxes tag E.4. The errors tag E.5. The form tag E.6. The hidden tag E.7. The input tag E.8. The label tag E.9. The option tag E.10. The options tag E.11. The password tag E.12. The radiobutton tag E.13. The radiobuttons tag E.14. The select tag E.15. The textarea tag F. Spring 2.5开发手册中文化项目 F.1. 声明 F.2. 致谢 F.3. 参与人员 F.4. 项目历程 表格清单 3.1. bean定义 3.2. Autowiring modes 3.3. 依赖检查方式 3.4. Bean作用域 3.5. Feature Matrix特性表 3.6. 内置事件 3.7. 过滤器类型 4.1. Resource strings 5.1. 属性示例 5.2. 内建的PropertyEditors 6.1. DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver LoadTimeWeaversDefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver类和LoadTimeWeavers接口 6.2. aspectj-weaving属性值 9.1. 有关的设置 9.2. 设置 9.3. @Transactional 注解的属性 13.1. WebApplicationContext中特殊的bean 13.2. DispatcherServlet初始化参数 13.3. AbstractController提供的功能 13.4. 视图解析器 13.5. CookieLocaleResolver的属性 13.6. ThemeResolver的实现 14.1. 宏定义表 14.2. JasperReports View Classes 14.3. JasperReportsMultiFormatView默认Mapping Key映射 16.1. WebApplicationContext中特殊的Bean 16.2. DispatcherPortlet 的初始化参数 16.3. AbstractController提供的功能 19.1. JMS listener 元素的属性 19.2. JMS 元素的属性 19.3. JMS 元素的属性 20.1. 注册行为 20.2. 源代码级的元数据类型 20.3. 源代码级的元数据参数 21.1. Usage of Interaction execute methods 21.2. Usage of Interaction execute methods A.1. Eclipse XML editors D.1. Attributes D.2. Attributes D.3. Attributes D.4. Attributes D.5. Attributes D.6. Attributes D.7. Attributes D.8. Attributes E.1. Attributes E.2. Attributes E.3. Attributes E.4. Attributes E.5. Attributes E.6. Attributes E.7. Attributes E.8. Attributes E.9. Attributes E.10. Attributes E.11. Attributes E.12. Attributes E.13. Attributes E.14. Attributes F.1. 参与人员列表
spring-framework-reference4.1.4
Not Using Commons Logging ................................................................... 12 Using SLF4J ............................................................................................ 13 Using Log4J ............................................................................................. 14 II. What’s New in Spring Framework 4.x .................................................................................... 16 3. New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 4.0 ............................................ 17 3.1. Improved Getting Started Experience .................................................................. 17 3.2. Removed Deprecated Packages and Methods .................................................... 17 3.3. Java 8 (as well as 6 and 7) ............................................................................... 17 3.4. Java EE 6 and 7 ............................................................................................... 18 3.5. Groovy Bean Definition DSL .............................................................................. 18 3.6. Core Container Improvements ............................................................................ 19 3.7. General Web Improvements ............................................................................... 19 3.8. WebSocket, SockJS, and STOMP Messaging ..................................................... 19 3.9. Testing Improvements ........................................................................................ 20 III. Core Technologies .............................................................................................................. 21 4. The IoC container ........................................................................................................ 22 4.1. Introduction to the Spring IoC container and beans .............................................. 22 4.2. Container overview ............................................................................................ 22 Configuration metadata ..................................................................................... 23 Instantiating a container .................................................................................... 24 Composing XML-based configuration metadata .......................................... 25 Using the container .......................................................................................... 26 4.3. Bean overview ................................................................................................... 27 Naming beans .................................................................................................. 28 Aliasing a bean outside the bean definition ................................................ 28 Instantiating beans ........................................................................................... 29 Instantiation with a constructor .................................................................. 29 Instantiation with a static factory method .................................................... 30 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation iii Instantiation using an instance factory method ........................................... 30 4.4. Dependencies ................................................................................................... 32 Dependency injection ....................................................................................... 32 Constructor-based dependency injection .................................................... 32 Setter-based dependency injection ............................................................ 34 Dependency resolution process ................................................................. 35 Examples of dependency injection ............................................................. 36 Dependencies and configuration in detail ........................................................... 38 Straight values (primitives, Strings, and so on) ........................................... 38 References to other beans (collaborators) .................................................. 40 Inner beans .............................................................................................. 41 Collections ............................................................................................... 41 Null and empty string values ..................................................................... 44 XML shortcut with the p-namespace .......................................................... 44 XML shortcut with the c-namespace .......................................................... 46 Compound property names ....................................................................... 46 Using depends-on ............................................................................................ 47 Lazy-initialized beans ....................................................................................... 47 Autowiring collaborators .................................................................................... 48 Limitations and disadvantages of autowiring ............................................... 49 Excluding a bean from autowiring .............................................................. 50 Method injection ............................................................................................... 50 Lookup method injection ........................................................................... 51 Arbitrary method replacement ................................................................... 53 4.5. Bean scopes ..................................................................................................... 54 The singleton scope ......................................................................................... 55 The prototype scope ......................................................................................... 55 Singleton beans with prototype-bean dependencies ............................................ 56 Request, session, and global session scopes .................................................... 56 Initial web configuration ............................................................................ 57 Request scope ......................................................................................... 58 Session scope .......................................................................................... 58 Global session scope ............................................................................... 58 Scoped beans as dependencies ................................................................ 58 Custom scopes ................................................................................................ 60 Creating a custom scope .......................................................................... 60 Using a custom scope .............................................................................. 61 4.6. Customizing the nature of a bean ....................................................................... 62 Lifecycle callbacks ............................................................................................ 62 Initialization callbacks ............................................................................... 63 Destruction callbacks ................................................................................ 64 Default initialization and destroy methods .................................................. 64 Combining lifecycle mechanisms ............................................................... 66 Startup and shutdown callbacks ................................................................ 66 Shutting down the Spring IoC container gracefully in non-web applications ................................................................................................................. 68 ApplicationContextAware and BeanNameAware ................................................. 68 Other Aware interfaces ..................................................................................... 69 4.7. Bean definition inheritance ................................................................................. 71 4.8. Container Extension Points ................................................................................ 72 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation iv Customizing beans using a BeanPostProcessor ................................................. 72 Example: Hello World, BeanPostProcessor-style ........................................ 74 Example: The RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor ............................... 75 Customizing configuration metadata with a BeanFactoryPostProcessor ................ 75 Example: the Class name substitution PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer .......... 76 Example: the PropertyOverrideConfigurer .................................................. 77 Customizing instantiation logic with a FactoryBean ............................................. 78 4.9. Annotation-based container configuration ............................................................ 79 @Required ....................................................................................................... 80 @Autowired ..................................................................................................... 80 Fine-tuning annotation-based autowiring with qualifiers ....................................... 83 Using generics as autowiring qualifiers .............................................................. 89 CustomAutowireConfigurer ................................................................................ 90 @Resource ...................................................................................................... 90 @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy .................................................................... 92 4.10. Classpath scanning and managed components ................................................. 92 @Component and further stereotype annotations ............................................... 93 Meta-annotations .............................................................................................. 93 Automatically detecting classes and registering bean definitions .......................... 94 Using filters to customize scanning ................................................................... 95 Defining bean metadata within components ....................................................... 96 Naming autodetected components ..................................................................... 97 Providing a scope for autodetected components ................................................ 98 Providing qualifier metadata with annotations ..................................................... 99 4.11. Using JSR 330 Standard Annotations ............................................................... 99 Dependency Injection with @Inject and @Named ............................................. 100 @Named: a standard equivalent to the @Component annotation ....................... 100 Limitations of the standard approach ............................................................... 101 4.12. Java-based container configuration ................................................................. 102 Basic concepts: @Bean and @Configuration ................................................... 102 Instantiating the Spring container using AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ....... 103 Simple construction ................................................................................ 103 Building the container programmatically using register(Class…) ........... 104 Enabling component scanning with scan(String…) .................................... 104 Support for web applications with AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ............................................................................................................... 105 Using the @Bean annotation .......................................................................... 106 Declaring a bean .................................................................................... 107 Receiving lifecycle callbacks ................................................................... 107 Specifying bean scope ............................................................................ 108 Customizing bean naming ....................................................................... 109 Bean aliasing ......................................................................................... 109 Bean description ..................................................................................... 110 Using the @Configuration annotation ............................................................... 110 Injecting inter-bean dependencies ............................................................ 110 Lookup method injection ......................................................................... 111 Further information about how Java-based configuration works internally .... 111 Composing Java-based configurations ............................................................. 112 Using the @Import annotation ................................................................. 112 Conditionally including @Configuration classes or @Beans ....................... 116 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation v Combining Java and XML configuration ................................................... 117 4.13. Bean definition profiles and environment abstraction ........................................ 120 4.14. PropertySource Abstraction ............................................................................ 120 4.15. Registering a LoadTimeWeaver ...................................................................... 120 4.16. Additional Capabilities of the ApplicationContext .............................................. 120 Internationalization using MessageSource ........................................................ 121 Standard and Custom Events .......................................................................... 124 Convenient access to low-level resources ........................................................ 127 Convenient ApplicationContext instantiation for web applications ....................... 128 Deploying a Spring ApplicationContext as a J2EE RAR file ............................... 128 4.17. The BeanFactory ........................................................................................... 129 BeanFactory or ApplicationContext? ................................................................ 129 Glue code and the evil singleton ..................................................................... 131 5. Resources .................................................................................................................. 132 5.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 132 5.2. The Resource interface .................................................................................... 132 5.3. Built-in Resource implementations .................................................................... 133 UrlResource ................................................................................................... 133 ClassPathResource ........................................................................................ 133 FileSystemResource ....................................................................................... 134 ServletContextResource .................................................................................. 134 InputStreamResource ..................................................................................... 134 ByteArrayResource ......................................................................................... 134 5.4. The ResourceLoader ....................................................................................... 134 5.5. The ResourceLoaderAware interface ................................................................ 135 5.6. Resources as dependencies ............................................................................. 136 5.7. Application contexts and Resource paths .......................................................... 137 Constructing application contexts ..................................................................... 137 Constructing ClassPathXmlApplicationContext instances - shortcuts .......... 137 Wildcards in application context constructor resource paths ............................... 138 Ant-style Patterns ................................................................................... 138 The Classpath*: portability classpath*: prefix ............................................ 139 Other notes relating to wildcards ............................................................. 139 FileSystemResource caveats .......................................................................... 140 6. Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion ............................................................ 141 6.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 141 6.2. Validation using Spring’s Validator interface ...................................................... 141 6.3. Resolving codes to error messages .................................................................. 143 6.4. Bean manipulation and the BeanWrapper ......................................................... 144 Setting and getting basic and nested properties ............................................... 144 Built-in PropertyEditor implementations ............................................................ 146 Registering additional custom PropertyEditors .......................................... 149 6.5. Spring Type Conversion ................................................................................... 151 Converter SPI ................................................................................................ 151 ConverterFactory ............................................................................................ 152 GenericConverter ........................................................................................... 153 ConditionalGenericConverter ................................................................... 154 ConversionService API ................................................................................... 154 Configuring a ConversionService ..................................................................... 154 Using a ConversionService programmatically ................................................... 155 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation vi 6.6. Spring Field Formatting .................................................................................... 155 Formatter SPI ................................................................................................. 156 Annotation-driven Formatting ........................................................................... 157 Format Annotation API ............................................................................ 158 FormatterRegistry SPI ..................................................................................... 159 FormatterRegistrar SPI ................................................................................... 159 Configuring Formatting in Spring MVC ............................................................. 159 6.7. Configuring a global date & time format ............................................................ 161 6.8. Spring Validation ............................................................................................. 163 Overview of the JSR-303 Bean Validation API ................................................. 163 Configuring a Bean Validation Provider ............................................................ 164 Injecting a Validator ................................................................................ 164 Configuring Custom Constraints .............................................................. 164 Additional Configuration Options .............................................................. 165 Configuring a DataBinder ................................................................................ 165 Spring MVC 3 Validation ................................................................................. 166 Triggering @Controller Input Validation .................................................... 166 Configuring a Validator for use by Spring MVC ......................................... 166 Configuring a JSR-303/JSR-349 Validator for use by Spring MVC .............. 167 7. Spring Expression Language (SpEL) ........................................................................... 168 7.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 168 7.2. Feature Overview ............................................................................................ 168 7.3. Expression Evaluation using Spring’s Expression Interface ................................. 169 The EvaluationContext interface ...................................................................... 171 Type Conversion .................................................................................... 171 7.4. Expression support for defining bean definitions ................................................ 172 XML based configuration ................................................................................ 172 Annotation-based configuration ........................................................................ 173 7.5. Language Reference ........................................................................................ 174 Literal expressions .......................................................................................... 174 Properties, Arrays, Lists, Maps, Indexers ......................................................... 174 Inline lists ....................................................................................................... 175 Array construction ........................................................................................... 175 Methods ......................................................................................................... 176 Operators ....................................................................................................... 176 Relational operators ................................................................................ 176 Logical operators .................................................................................... 177 Mathematical operators ........................................................................... 177 Assignment .................................................................................................... 178 Types ............................................................................................................. 178 Constructors ................................................................................................... 179 Variables ........................................................................................................ 179 The #this and #root variables .................................................................. 179 Functions ....................................................................................................... 180 Bean references ............................................................................................. 180 Ternary Operator (If-Then-Else) ....................................................................... 180 The Elvis Operator ......................................................................................... 181 Safe Navigation operator ................................................................................ 181 Collection Selection ........................................................................................ 182 Collection Projection ....................................................................................... 182 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation vii Expression templating ..................................................................................... 183 7.6. Classes used in the examples .......................................................................... 183 8. Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring ................................................................... 187 8.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 187 AOP concepts ................................................................................................ 187 Spring AOP capabilities and goals ................................................................... 189 AOP Proxies .................................................................................................. 190 8.2. @AspectJ support ........................................................................................... 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support ............................................................................ 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support with Java configuration ................................. 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support with XML configuration ................................. 191 Declaring an aspect ........................................................................................ 191 Declaring a pointcut ........................................................................................ 192 Supported Pointcut Designators .............................................................. 192 Combining pointcut expressions .............................................................. 194 Sharing common pointcut definitions ........................................................ 194 Examples ............................................................................................... 196 Writing good pointcuts ............................................................................ 198 Declaring advice ............................................................................................. 199 Before advice ......................................................................................... 199 After returning advice .............................................................................. 200 After throwing advice .............................................................................. 200 After (finally) advice ................................................................................ 201 Around advice ........................................................................................ 202 Advice parameters .................................................................................. 203 Advice ordering ...................................................................................... 206 Introductions ................................................................................................... 206 Aspect instantiation models ............................................................................. 207 Example ......................................................................................................... 208 8.3. Schema-based AOP support ............................................................................ 209 Declaring an aspect ........................................................................................ 210 Declaring a pointcut ........................................................................................ 210 Declaring advice ............................................................................................. 212 Before advice ......................................................................................... 212 After returning advice .............................................................................. 212 After throwing advice .............................................................................. 213 After (finally) advice ................................................................................ 214 Around advice ........................................................................................ 214 Advice parameters .................................................................................. 215 Advice ordering ...................................................................................... 216 Introductions ................................................................................................... 217 Aspect instantiation models ............................................................................. 217 Advisors ......................................................................................................... 217 Example ......................................................................................................... 218 8.4. Choosing which AOP declaration style to use .................................................... 220 Spring AOP or full AspectJ? ........................................................................... 220 @AspectJ or XML for Spring AOP? ................................................................. 221 8.5. Mixing aspect types ......................................................................................... 222 8.6. Proxying mechanisms ...................................................................................... 222 Understanding AOP proxies ............................................................................ 223 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation viii 8.7. Programmatic creation of @AspectJ Proxies ..................................................... 225 8.8. Using AspectJ with Spring applications ............................................................. 225 Using AspectJ to dependency inject domain objects with Spring ........................ 226 Unit testing @Configurable objects .......................................................... 228 Working with multiple application contexts ................................................ 228 Other Spring aspects for AspectJ .................................................................... 229 Configuring AspectJ aspects using Spring IoC ................................................. 229 Load-time weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework ................................. 230 A first example ....................................................................................... 231 Aspects .................................................................................................. 234 ' META-INF/aop.xml' ............................................................................... 234 Required libraries (JARS) ........................................................................ 234 Spring configuration ................................................................................ 235 Environment-specific configuration ........................................................... 237 8.9. Further Resources ........................................................................................... 239 9. Spring AOP APIs ....................................................................................................... 240 9.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 240 9.2. Pointcut API in Spring ...................................................................................... 240 Concepts ........................................................................................................ 240 Operations on pointcuts .................................................................................. 241 AspectJ expression pointcuts .......................................................................... 241 Convenience pointcut implementations ............................................................ 241 Static pointcuts ....................................................................................... 241 Dynamic pointcuts .................................................................................. 242 Pointcut superclasses ..................................................................................... 243 Custom pointcuts ............................................................................................ 243 9.3. Advice API in Spring ........................................................................................ 243 Advice lifecycles ............................................................................................. 243 Advice types in Spring .................................................................................... 244 Interception around advice ...................................................................... 244 Before advice ......................................................................................... 244 Throws advice ........................................................................................ 245 After Returning advice ............................................................................ 246 Introduction advice .................................................................................. 247 9.4. Advisor API in Spring ....................................................................................... 249 9.5. Using the ProxyFactoryBean to create AOP proxies ........................................... 250 Basics ............................................................................................................ 250 JavaBean properties ....................................................................................... 250 JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies ...................................................................... 251 Proxying interfaces ......................................................................................... 252 Proxying classes ............................................................................................ 254 Using global advisors ...................................................................................... 255 9.6. Concise proxy definitions ................................................................................. 255 9.7. Creating AOP proxies programmatically with the ProxyFactory ............................ 256 9.8. Manipulating advised objects ............................................................................ 257 9.9. Using the "auto-proxy" facility ........................................................................... 258 Autoproxy bean definitions .............................................................................. 258 BeanNameAutoProxyCreator ................................................................... 259 DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator .............................................................. 259 AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator ............................................................ 260 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation ix Using metadata-driven auto-proxying ............................................................... 260 9.10. Using TargetSources ...................................................................................... 262 Hot swappable target sources ......................................................................... 263 Pooling target sources .................................................................................... 263 Prototype target sources ................................................................................. 265 ThreadLocal target sources ............................................................................. 265 9.11. Defining new Advice types ............................................................................. 265 9.12. Further resources ........................................................................................... 266 10. Testing ..................................................................................................................... 267 10.1. Introduction to Spring Testing ......................................................................... 267 10.2. Unit Testing ................................................................................................... 267 Mock Objects ................................................................................................. 267 Environment ........................................................................................... 267 JNDI ...................................................................................................... 267 Servlet API ............................................................................................. 267 Portlet API ............................................................................................. 268 Unit Testing support Classes .......................................................................... 268 General utilities ...................................................................................... 268 Spring MVC ........................................................................................... 268 10.3. Integration Testing ......................................................................................... 268 Overview ........................................................................................................ 268 Goals of Integration Testing ............................................................................ 269 Context management and caching ........................................................... 269 Dependency Injection of test fixtures ....................................................... 269 Transaction management ........................................................................ 270 Support classes for integration testing ..................................................... 270 JDBC Testing Support .................................................................................... 271 Annotations .................................................................................................... 271 Spring Testing Annotations ..................................................................... 271 Standard Annotation Support .................................................................. 276 Spring JUnit Testing Annotations ............................................................. 277 Meta-Annotation Support for Testing ........................................................ 278 Spring TestContext Framework ....................................................................... 279 Key abstractions ..................................................................................... 280 Context management .............................................................................. 281 Dependency injection of test fixtures ........................................................ 297 Testing request and session scoped beans .............................................. 299 Transaction management ........................................................................ 301 TestContext Framework support classes .................................................. 304 Spring MVC Test Framework .......................................................................... 306 Server-Side Tests ................................................................................... 306 Client-Side REST Tests .......................................................................... 312 PetClinic Example .......................................................................................... 313 10.4. Further Resources ......................................................................................... 314 IV. Data Access ..................................................................................................................... 316 11. Transaction Management .......................................................................................... 317 11.1. Introduction to Spring Framework transaction management .............................. 317 11.2. Advantages of the Spring Framework’s transaction support model ..................... 317 Global transactions ......................................................................................... 317 Local transactions ........................................................................................... 318 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation x Spring Framework’s consistent programming model ......................................... 318 11.3. Understanding the Spring Framework transaction abstraction ............................ 319 11.4. Synchronizing resources with transactions ....................................................... 323 High-level synchronization approach ................................................................ 323 Low-level synchronization approach ................................................................. 323 TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy ................................................................. 324 11.5. Declarative transaction management ............................................................... 324 Understanding the Spring Framework’s declarative transaction implementation ... 325 Example of declarative transaction implementation ........................................... 326 Rolling back a declarative transaction .............................................................. 330 Configuring different transactional semantics for different beans ........................ 331 settings ....................................................................................... 333 Using @Transactional ..................................................................................... 335 @Transactional settings .......................................................................... 339 Multiple Transaction Managers with @Transactional ................................. 340 Custom shortcut annotations ................................................................... 341 Transaction propagation .................................................................................. 341 Required ................................................................................................ 342 RequiresNew .......................................................................................... 342 Nested ................................................................................................... 343 Advising transactional operations ..................................................................... 343 Using @Transactional with AspectJ ................................................................. 346 11.6. Programmatic transaction management ........................................................... 347 Using the TransactionTemplate ....................................................................... 347 Specifying transaction settings ................................................................ 349 Using the PlatformTransactionManager ............................................................ 349 11.7. Choosing between programmatic and declarative transaction management ........ 350 11.8. Application server-specific integration .............................................................. 350 IBM WebSphere ............................................................................................. 351 Oracle WebLogic Server ................................................................................. 351 11.9. Solutions to common problems ....................................................................... 351 Use of the wrong transaction manager for a specific DataSource ....................... 351 11.10. Further Resources ....................................................................................... 351 12. DAO support ............................................................................................................ 352 12.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 352 12.2. Consistent exception hierarchy ....................................................................... 352 12.3. Annotations used for configuring DAO or Repository classes ............................ 353 13. Data access with JDBC ............................................................................................ 355 13.1. Introduction to Spring Framework JDBC .......................................................... 355 Choosing an approach for JDBC database access ........................................... 355 Package hierarchy .......................................................................................... 356 13.2. Using the JDBC core classes to control basic JDBC processing and error handling ................................................................................................................. 357 JdbcTemplate ................................................................................................. 357 Examples of JdbcTemplate class usage ................................................... 357 JdbcTemplate best practices ................................................................... 359 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate ....................................................................... 361 SQLExceptionTranslator .................................................................................. 363 Executing statements ...................................................................................... 365 Running queries ............................................................................................. 365 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xi Updating the database .................................................................................... 366 Retrieving auto-generated keys ....................................................................... 367 13.3. Controlling database connections .................................................................... 367 DataSource .................................................................................................... 367 DataSourceUtils .............................................................................................. 369 SmartDataSource ........................................................................................... 369 AbstractDataSource ........................................................................................ 369 SingleConnectionDataSource .......................................................................... 369 DriverManagerDataSource .............................................................................. 369 TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy ................................................................. 370 DataSourceTransactionManager ...................................................................... 370 NativeJdbcExtractor ........................................................................................ 370 13.4. JDBC batch operations .................................................................................. 371 Basic batch operations with the JdbcTemplate ................................................. 371 Batch operations with a List of objects ............................................................. 372 Batch operations with multiple batches ............................................................ 373 13.5. Simplifying JDBC operations with the SimpleJdbc classes ................................ 374 Inserting data using SimpleJdbcInsert .............................................................. 374 Retrieving auto-generated keys using SimpleJdbcInsert .................................... 375 Specifying columns for a SimpleJdbcInsert ...................................................... 376 Using SqlParameterSource to provide parameter values ................................... 376 Calling a stored procedure with SimpleJdbcCall ............................................... 377 Explicitly declaring parameters to use for a SimpleJdbcCall ............................... 379 How to define SqlParameters .......................................................................... 380 Calling a stored function using SimpleJdbcCall ................................................. 381 Returning ResultSet/REF Cursor from a SimpleJdbcCall ................................... 381 13.6. Modeling JDBC operations as Java objects ..................................................... 382 SqlQuery ........................................................................................................ 383 MappingSqlQuery ........................................................................................... 383 SqlUpdate ...................................................................................................... 384 StoredProcedure ............................................................................................. 385 13.7. Common problems with parameter and data value handling .............................. 388 Providing SQL type information for parameters ................................................. 389 Handling BLOB and CLOB objects .................................................................. 389 Passing in lists of values for IN clause ............................................................ 390 Handling complex types for stored procedure calls ........................................... 391 13.8. Embedded database support .......................................................................... 392 Why use an embedded database? .................................................................. 392 Creating an embedded database instance using Spring XML ............................ 392 Creating an embedded database instance programmatically .............................. 392 Extending the embedded database support ...................................................... 393 Using HSQL ................................................................................................... 393 Using H2 ........................................................................................................ 393 Using Derby ................................................................................................... 393 Testing data access logic with an embedded database ..................................... 393 13.9. Initializing a DataSource ................................................................................. 394 Initializing a database instance using Spring XML ............................................. 394 Initialization of Other Components that Depend on the Database ............... 395 14. Object Relational Mapping (ORM) Data Access .......................................................... 397 14.1. Introduction to ORM with Spring ..................................................................... 397 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xii 14.2. General ORM integration considerations ......................................................... 398 Resource and transaction management ........................................................... 398 Exception translation ....................................................................................... 399 14.3. Hibernate ....................................................................................................... 399 SessionFactory setup in a Spring container ...................................................... 400 Implementing DAOs based on plain Hibernate 3 API ........................................ 400 Declarative transaction demarcation ................................................................ 402 Programmatic transaction demarcation ............................................................ 404 Transaction management strategies ................................................................ 405 Comparing container-managed and locally defined resources ............................ 407 Spurious application server warnings with Hibernate ......................................... 408 14.4. JDO .............................................................................................................. 409 PersistenceManagerFactory setup ................................................................... 409 Implementing DAOs based on the plain JDO API ............................................. 410 Transaction management ................................................................................ 412 JdoDialect ...................................................................................................... 413 14.5. JPA ............................................................................................................... 414 Three options for JPA setup in a Spring environment ........................................ 414 LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean .............................................................. 414 Obtaining an EntityManagerFactory from JNDI ......................................... 415 LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean ............................................... 415 Dealing with multiple persistence units ..................................................... 417 Implementing DAOs based on plain JPA .......................................................... 418 Transaction Management ................................................................................ 420 JpaDialect ...................................................................................................... 421 15. Marshalling XML using O/X Mappers ......................................................................... 423 15.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 423 Ease of configuration ...................................................................................... 423 Consistent Interfaces ...................................................................................... 423 Consistent Exception Hierarchy ....................................................................... 423 15.2. Marshaller and Unmarshaller .......................................................................... 423 Marshaller ...................................................................................................... 423 Unmarshaller .................................................................................................. 424 XmlMappingException ..................................................................................... 425 15.3. Using Marshaller and Unmarshaller ................................................................. 425 15.4. XML Schema-based Configuration .................................................................. 427 15.5. JAXB ............................................................................................................. 427 Jaxb2Marshaller ............................................................................................. 428 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 428 15.6. Castor ........................................................................................................... 429 CastorMarshaller ............................................................................................ 429 Mapping ......................................................................................................... 429 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 429 15.7. XMLBeans ..................................................................................................... 430 XmlBeansMarshaller ....................................................................................... 430 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 430 15.8. JiBX .............................................................................................................. 431 JibxMarshaller ................................................................................................ 431 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 431 15.9. XStream ........................................................................................................ 432 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xiii XStreamMarshaller ......................................................................................... 432 V. The Web ........................................................................................................................... 434 16. Web MVC framework ................................................................................................ 435 16.1. Introduction to Spring Web MVC framework .................................................... 435 Features of Spring Web MVC ......................................................................... 436 Pluggability of other MVC implementations ...................................................... 437 16.2. The DispatcherServlet .................................................................................... 437 Special Bean Types In the WebApplicationContext ........................................... 440 Default DispatcherServlet Configuration ........................................................... 441 DispatcherServlet Processing Sequence .......................................................... 441 16.3. Implementing Controllers ................................................................................ 443 Defining a controller with @Controller .............................................................. 443 Mapping Requests With Using @RequestMapping ........................................... 444 New Support Classes for @RequestMapping methods in Spring MVC 3.1 .. 446 URI Template Patterns ........................................................................... 447 URI Template Patterns with Regular Expressions ..................................... 448 Path Patterns ......................................................................................... 449 Patterns with Placeholders ...................................................................... 449 Matrix Variables ...................................................................................... 449 Consumable Media Types ....................................................................... 450 Producible Media Types .......................................................................... 451 Request Parameters and Header Values ................................................. 451 Defining @RequestMapping handler methods .................................................. 452 Supported method argument types .......................................................... 452 Supported method return types ............................................................... 454 Binding request parameters to method parameters with @RequestParam ... 455 Mapping the request body with the @RequestBody annotation .................. 456 Mapping the response body with the @ResponseBody annotation ............. 457 Creating REST Controllers with the @RestController annotation ................ 457 Using HttpEntity ...................................................................................... 457 Using @ModelAttribute on a method ....................................................... 458 Using @ModelAttribute on a method argument ......................................... 459 Using @SessionAttributes to store model attributes in the HTTP session between requests ................................................................................... 461 Specifying redirect and flash attributes ..................................................... 461 Working with "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" data ............................ 462 Mapping cookie values with the @CookieValue annotation ........................ 462 Mapping request header attributes with the @RequestHeader annotation ... 463 Method Parameters And Type Conversion ............................................... 463 Customizing WebDataBinder initialization ................................................. 464 Support for the Last-Modified Response Header To Facilitate Content Caching ................................................................................................. 465 Assisting Controllers with the @ControllerAdvice annotation ...................... 465 Asynchronous Request Processing .................................................................. 466 Exception Handling for Async Requests ................................................... 467 Intercepting Async Requests ................................................................... 467 Configuration for Async Request Processing ............................................ 468 Testing Controllers ......................................................................................... 469 16.4. Handler mappings .......................................................................................... 469 Intercepting requests with a HandlerInterceptor ................................................ 469 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xiv 16.5. Resolving views ............................................................................................. 471 Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface .............................................. 471 Chaining ViewResolvers ................................................................................. 473 Redirecting to views ....................................................................................... 474 RedirectView .......................................................................................... 474 The redirect: prefix ................................................................................. 475 The forward: prefix ................................................................................. 475 ContentNegotiatingViewResolver ..................................................................... 475 16.6. Using flash attributes ..................................................................................... 478 16.7. Building URIs ................................................................................................. 479 16.8. Building URIs to Controllers and methods ....................................................... 480 16.9. Using locales ................................................................................................. 480 Obtaining Time Zone Information .................................................................... 481 AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver .......................................................................... 481 CookieLocaleResolver ..................................................................................... 481 SessionLocaleResolver ................................................................................... 481 LocaleChangeInterceptor ................................................................................ 482 16.10. Using themes ............................................................................................... 482 Overview of themes ........................................................................................ 482 Defining themes ............................................................................................. 482 Theme resolvers ............................................................................................. 483 16.11. Spring’s multipart (file upload) support ........................................................... 483 Introduction .................................................................................................... 483 Using a MultipartResolver with Commons FileUpload ........................................ 484 Using a MultipartResolver with Servlet 3.0 ....................................................... 484 Handling a file upload in a form ...................................................................... 484 Handling a file upload request from programmatic clients .................................. 486 16.12. Handling exceptions ..................................................................................... 486 HandlerExceptionResolver ............
spring-framework-reference-4.1.2
Not Using Commons Logging ................................................................... 12 Using SLF4J ............................................................................................ 13 Using Log4J ............................................................................................. 14 II. What’s New in Spring Framework 4.x .................................................................................... 16 3. New Features and Enhancements in Spring Framework 4.0 ............................................ 17 3.1. Improved Getting Started Experience .................................................................. 17 3.2. Removed Deprecated Packages and Methods .................................................... 17 3.3. Java 8 (as well as 6 and 7) ............................................................................... 17 3.4. Java EE 6 and 7 ............................................................................................... 18 3.5. Groovy Bean Definition DSL .............................................................................. 18 3.6. Core Container Improvements ............................................................................ 19 3.7. General Web Improvements ............................................................................... 19 3.8. WebSocket, SockJS, and STOMP Messaging ..................................................... 19 3.9. Testing Improvements ........................................................................................ 20 III. Core Technologies .............................................................................................................. 21 4. The IoC container ........................................................................................................ 22 4.1. Introduction to the Spring IoC container and beans .............................................. 22 4.2. Container overview ............................................................................................ 22 Configuration metadata ..................................................................................... 23 Instantiating a container .................................................................................... 24 Composing XML-based configuration metadata .......................................... 25 Using the container .......................................................................................... 26 4.3. Bean overview ................................................................................................... 27 Naming beans .................................................................................................. 28 Aliasing a bean outside the bean definition ................................................ 28 Instantiating beans ........................................................................................... 29 Instantiation with a constructor .................................................................. 29 Instantiation with a static factory method .................................................... 30 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation iii Instantiation using an instance factory method ........................................... 30 4.4. Dependencies ................................................................................................... 32 Dependency injection ....................................................................................... 32 Constructor-based dependency injection .................................................... 32 Setter-based dependency injection ............................................................ 34 Dependency resolution process ................................................................. 35 Examples of dependency injection ............................................................. 36 Dependencies and configuration in detail ........................................................... 38 Straight values (primitives, Strings, and so on) ........................................... 38 References to other beans (collaborators) .................................................. 40 Inner beans .............................................................................................. 41 Collections ............................................................................................... 41 Null and empty string values ..................................................................... 44 XML shortcut with the p-namespace .......................................................... 44 XML shortcut with the c-namespace .......................................................... 46 Compound property names ....................................................................... 46 Using depends-on ............................................................................................ 47 Lazy-initialized beans ....................................................................................... 47 Autowiring collaborators .................................................................................... 48 Limitations and disadvantages of autowiring ............................................... 49 Excluding a bean from autowiring .............................................................. 50 Method injection ............................................................................................... 50 Lookup method injection ........................................................................... 51 Arbitrary method replacement ................................................................... 53 4.5. Bean scopes ..................................................................................................... 54 The singleton scope ......................................................................................... 55 The prototype scope ......................................................................................... 55 Singleton beans with prototype-bean dependencies ............................................ 56 Request, session, and global session scopes .................................................... 56 Initial web configuration ............................................................................ 57 Request scope ......................................................................................... 58 Session scope .......................................................................................... 58 Global session scope ............................................................................... 58 Scoped beans as dependencies ................................................................ 58 Custom scopes ................................................................................................ 60 Creating a custom scope .......................................................................... 60 Using a custom scope .............................................................................. 61 4.6. Customizing the nature of a bean ....................................................................... 62 Lifecycle callbacks ............................................................................................ 62 Initialization callbacks ............................................................................... 63 Destruction callbacks ................................................................................ 64 Default initialization and destroy methods .................................................. 64 Combining lifecycle mechanisms ............................................................... 66 Startup and shutdown callbacks ................................................................ 66 Shutting down the Spring IoC container gracefully in non-web applications ................................................................................................................. 68 ApplicationContextAware and BeanNameAware ................................................. 68 Other Aware interfaces ..................................................................................... 69 4.7. Bean definition inheritance ................................................................................. 71 4.8. Container Extension Points ................................................................................ 72 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation iv Customizing beans using a BeanPostProcessor ................................................. 72 Example: Hello World, BeanPostProcessor-style ........................................ 74 Example: The RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor ............................... 75 Customizing configuration metadata with a BeanFactoryPostProcessor ................ 75 Example: the Class name substitution PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer .......... 76 Example: the PropertyOverrideConfigurer .................................................. 77 Customizing instantiation logic with a FactoryBean ............................................. 78 4.9. Annotation-based container configuration ............................................................ 79 @Required ....................................................................................................... 80 @Autowired ..................................................................................................... 80 Fine-tuning annotation-based autowiring with qualifiers ....................................... 83 Using generics as autowiring qualifiers .............................................................. 89 CustomAutowireConfigurer ................................................................................ 90 @Resource ...................................................................................................... 90 @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy .................................................................... 92 4.10. Classpath scanning and managed components ................................................. 92 @Component and further stereotype annotations ............................................... 93 Meta-annotations .............................................................................................. 93 Automatically detecting classes and registering bean definitions .......................... 94 Using filters to customize scanning ................................................................... 95 Defining bean metadata within components ....................................................... 96 Naming autodetected components ..................................................................... 97 Providing a scope for autodetected components ................................................ 98 Providing qualifier metadata with annotations ..................................................... 99 4.11. Using JSR 330 Standard Annotations ............................................................... 99 Dependency Injection with @Inject and @Named ............................................. 100 @Named: a standard equivalent to the @Component annotation ....................... 100 Limitations of the standard approach ............................................................... 101 4.12. Java-based container configuration ................................................................. 102 Basic concepts: @Bean and @Configuration ................................................... 102 Instantiating the Spring container using AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ....... 103 Simple construction ................................................................................ 103 Building the container programmatically using register(Class…) ........... 104 Enabling component scanning with scan(String…) .................................... 104 Support for web applications with AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ............................................................................................................... 105 Using the @Bean annotation .......................................................................... 106 Declaring a bean .................................................................................... 107 Receiving lifecycle callbacks ................................................................... 107 Specifying bean scope ............................................................................ 108 Customizing bean naming ....................................................................... 109 Bean aliasing ......................................................................................... 109 Bean description ..................................................................................... 110 Using the @Configuration annotation ............................................................... 110 Injecting inter-bean dependencies ............................................................ 110 Lookup method injection ......................................................................... 111 Further information about how Java-based configuration works internally .... 111 Composing Java-based configurations ............................................................. 112 Using the @Import annotation ................................................................. 112 Conditionally including @Configuration classes or @Beans ....................... 116 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation v Combining Java and XML configuration ................................................... 117 4.13. Bean definition profiles and environment abstraction ........................................ 120 4.14. PropertySource Abstraction ............................................................................ 120 4.15. Registering a LoadTimeWeaver ...................................................................... 120 4.16. Additional Capabilities of the ApplicationContext .............................................. 120 Internationalization using MessageSource ........................................................ 121 Standard and Custom Events .......................................................................... 124 Convenient access to low-level resources ........................................................ 127 Convenient ApplicationContext instantiation for web applications ....................... 128 Deploying a Spring ApplicationContext as a J2EE RAR file ............................... 128 4.17. The BeanFactory ........................................................................................... 129 BeanFactory or ApplicationContext? ................................................................ 129 Glue code and the evil singleton ..................................................................... 131 5. Resources .................................................................................................................. 132 5.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 132 5.2. The Resource interface .................................................................................... 132 5.3. Built-in Resource implementations .................................................................... 133 UrlResource ................................................................................................... 133 ClassPathResource ........................................................................................ 133 FileSystemResource ....................................................................................... 134 ServletContextResource .................................................................................. 134 InputStreamResource ..................................................................................... 134 ByteArrayResource ......................................................................................... 134 5.4. The ResourceLoader ....................................................................................... 134 5.5. The ResourceLoaderAware interface ................................................................ 135 5.6. Resources as dependencies ............................................................................. 136 5.7. Application contexts and Resource paths .......................................................... 137 Constructing application contexts ..................................................................... 137 Constructing ClassPathXmlApplicationContext instances - shortcuts .......... 137 Wildcards in application context constructor resource paths ............................... 138 Ant-style Patterns ................................................................................... 138 The Classpath*: portability classpath*: prefix ............................................ 139 Other notes relating to wildcards ............................................................. 139 FileSystemResource caveats .......................................................................... 140 6. Validation, Data Binding, and Type Conversion ............................................................ 141 6.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 141 6.2. Validation using Spring’s Validator interface ...................................................... 141 6.3. Resolving codes to error messages .................................................................. 143 6.4. Bean manipulation and the BeanWrapper ......................................................... 144 Setting and getting basic and nested properties ............................................... 144 Built-in PropertyEditor implementations ............................................................ 146 Registering additional custom PropertyEditors .......................................... 149 6.5. Spring Type Conversion ................................................................................... 151 Converter SPI ................................................................................................ 151 ConverterFactory ............................................................................................ 152 GenericConverter ........................................................................................... 153 ConditionalGenericConverter ................................................................... 154 ConversionService API ................................................................................... 154 Configuring a ConversionService ..................................................................... 154 Using a ConversionService programmatically ................................................... 155 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation vi 6.6. Spring Field Formatting .................................................................................... 155 Formatter SPI ................................................................................................. 156 Annotation-driven Formatting ........................................................................... 157 Format Annotation API ............................................................................ 158 FormatterRegistry SPI ..................................................................................... 159 FormatterRegistrar SPI ................................................................................... 159 Configuring Formatting in Spring MVC ............................................................. 159 6.7. Configuring a global date & time format ............................................................ 161 6.8. Spring Validation ............................................................................................. 163 Overview of the JSR-303 Bean Validation API ................................................. 163 Configuring a Bean Validation Provider ............................................................ 164 Injecting a Validator ................................................................................ 164 Configuring Custom Constraints .............................................................. 164 Additional Configuration Options .............................................................. 165 Configuring a DataBinder ................................................................................ 165 Spring MVC 3 Validation ................................................................................. 166 Triggering @Controller Input Validation .................................................... 166 Configuring a Validator for use by Spring MVC ......................................... 166 Configuring a JSR-303/JSR-349 Validator for use by Spring MVC .............. 167 7. Spring Expression Language (SpEL) ........................................................................... 168 7.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 168 7.2. Feature Overview ............................................................................................ 168 7.3. Expression Evaluation using Spring’s Expression Interface ................................. 169 The EvaluationContext interface ...................................................................... 171 Type Conversion .................................................................................... 171 7.4. Expression support for defining bean definitions ................................................ 172 XML based configuration ................................................................................ 172 Annotation-based configuration ........................................................................ 173 7.5. Language Reference ........................................................................................ 174 Literal expressions .......................................................................................... 174 Properties, Arrays, Lists, Maps, Indexers ......................................................... 174 Inline lists ....................................................................................................... 175 Array construction ........................................................................................... 175 Methods ......................................................................................................... 176 Operators ....................................................................................................... 176 Relational operators ................................................................................ 176 Logical operators .................................................................................... 177 Mathematical operators ........................................................................... 177 Assignment .................................................................................................... 178 Types ............................................................................................................. 178 Constructors ................................................................................................... 179 Variables ........................................................................................................ 179 The #this and #root variables .................................................................. 179 Functions ....................................................................................................... 180 Bean references ............................................................................................. 180 Ternary Operator (If-Then-Else) ....................................................................... 180 The Elvis Operator ......................................................................................... 181 Safe Navigation operator ................................................................................ 181 Collection Selection ........................................................................................ 182 Collection Projection ....................................................................................... 182 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation vii Expression templating ..................................................................................... 183 7.6. Classes used in the examples .......................................................................... 183 8. Aspect Oriented Programming with Spring ................................................................... 187 8.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 187 AOP concepts ................................................................................................ 187 Spring AOP capabilities and goals ................................................................... 189 AOP Proxies .................................................................................................. 190 8.2. @AspectJ support ........................................................................................... 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support ............................................................................ 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support with Java configuration ................................. 190 Enabling @AspectJ Support with XML configuration ................................. 191 Declaring an aspect ........................................................................................ 191 Declaring a pointcut ........................................................................................ 192 Supported Pointcut Designators .............................................................. 192 Combining pointcut expressions .............................................................. 194 Sharing common pointcut definitions ........................................................ 194 Examples ............................................................................................... 196 Writing good pointcuts ............................................................................ 198 Declaring advice ............................................................................................. 199 Before advice ......................................................................................... 199 After returning advice .............................................................................. 200 After throwing advice .............................................................................. 200 After (finally) advice ................................................................................ 201 Around advice ........................................................................................ 202 Advice parameters .................................................................................. 203 Advice ordering ...................................................................................... 206 Introductions ................................................................................................... 206 Aspect instantiation models ............................................................................. 207 Example ......................................................................................................... 208 8.3. Schema-based AOP support ............................................................................ 209 Declaring an aspect ........................................................................................ 210 Declaring a pointcut ........................................................................................ 210 Declaring advice ............................................................................................. 212 Before advice ......................................................................................... 212 After returning advice .............................................................................. 212 After throwing advice .............................................................................. 213 After (finally) advice ................................................................................ 214 Around advice ........................................................................................ 214 Advice parameters .................................................................................. 215 Advice ordering ...................................................................................... 216 Introductions ................................................................................................... 217 Aspect instantiation models ............................................................................. 217 Advisors ......................................................................................................... 217 Example ......................................................................................................... 218 8.4. Choosing which AOP declaration style to use .................................................... 220 Spring AOP or full AspectJ? ........................................................................... 220 @AspectJ or XML for Spring AOP? ................................................................. 221 8.5. Mixing aspect types ......................................................................................... 222 8.6. Proxying mechanisms ...................................................................................... 222 Understanding AOP proxies ............................................................................ 223 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation viii 8.7. Programmatic creation of @AspectJ Proxies ..................................................... 225 8.8. Using AspectJ with Spring applications ............................................................. 225 Using AspectJ to dependency inject domain objects with Spring ........................ 226 Unit testing @Configurable objects .......................................................... 228 Working with multiple application contexts ................................................ 228 Other Spring aspects for AspectJ .................................................................... 229 Configuring AspectJ aspects using Spring IoC ................................................. 229 Load-time weaving with AspectJ in the Spring Framework ................................. 230 A first example ....................................................................................... 231 Aspects .................................................................................................. 234 ' META-INF/aop.xml' ............................................................................... 234 Required libraries (JARS) ........................................................................ 234 Spring configuration ................................................................................ 235 Environment-specific configuration ........................................................... 237 8.9. Further Resources ........................................................................................... 239 9. Spring AOP APIs ....................................................................................................... 240 9.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 240 9.2. Pointcut API in Spring ...................................................................................... 240 Concepts ........................................................................................................ 240 Operations on pointcuts .................................................................................. 241 AspectJ expression pointcuts .......................................................................... 241 Convenience pointcut implementations ............................................................ 241 Static pointcuts ....................................................................................... 241 Dynamic pointcuts .................................................................................. 242 Pointcut superclasses ..................................................................................... 243 Custom pointcuts ............................................................................................ 243 9.3. Advice API in Spring ........................................................................................ 243 Advice lifecycles ............................................................................................. 243 Advice types in Spring .................................................................................... 244 Interception around advice ...................................................................... 244 Before advice ......................................................................................... 244 Throws advice ........................................................................................ 245 After Returning advice ............................................................................ 246 Introduction advice .................................................................................. 247 9.4. Advisor API in Spring ....................................................................................... 249 9.5. Using the ProxyFactoryBean to create AOP proxies ........................................... 250 Basics ............................................................................................................ 250 JavaBean properties ....................................................................................... 250 JDK- and CGLIB-based proxies ...................................................................... 251 Proxying interfaces ......................................................................................... 252 Proxying classes ............................................................................................ 254 Using global advisors ...................................................................................... 255 9.6. Concise proxy definitions ................................................................................. 255 9.7. Creating AOP proxies programmatically with the ProxyFactory ............................ 256 9.8. Manipulating advised objects ............................................................................ 257 9.9. Using the "auto-proxy" facility ........................................................................... 258 Autoproxy bean definitions .............................................................................. 258 BeanNameAutoProxyCreator ................................................................... 259 DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator .............................................................. 259 AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator ............................................................ 260 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation ix Using metadata-driven auto-proxying ............................................................... 260 9.10. Using TargetSources ...................................................................................... 262 Hot swappable target sources ......................................................................... 263 Pooling target sources .................................................................................... 263 Prototype target sources ................................................................................. 265 ThreadLocal target sources ............................................................................. 265 9.11. Defining new Advice types ............................................................................. 265 9.12. Further resources ........................................................................................... 266 10. Testing ..................................................................................................................... 267 10.1. Introduction to Spring Testing ......................................................................... 267 10.2. Unit Testing ................................................................................................... 267 Mock Objects ................................................................................................. 267 Environment ........................................................................................... 267 JNDI ...................................................................................................... 267 Servlet API ............................................................................................. 267 Portlet API ............................................................................................. 268 Unit Testing support Classes .......................................................................... 268 General utilities ...................................................................................... 268 Spring MVC ........................................................................................... 268 10.3. Integration Testing ......................................................................................... 268 Overview ........................................................................................................ 268 Goals of Integration Testing ............................................................................ 269 Context management and caching ........................................................... 269 Dependency Injection of test fixtures ....................................................... 269 Transaction management ........................................................................ 270 Support classes for integration testing ..................................................... 270 JDBC Testing Support .................................................................................... 271 Annotations .................................................................................................... 271 Spring Testing Annotations ..................................................................... 271 Standard Annotation Support .................................................................. 276 Spring JUnit Testing Annotations ............................................................. 277 Meta-Annotation Support for Testing ........................................................ 278 Spring TestContext Framework ....................................................................... 279 Key abstractions ..................................................................................... 280 Context management .............................................................................. 281 Dependency injection of test fixtures ........................................................ 297 Testing request and session scoped beans .............................................. 299 Transaction management ........................................................................ 301 TestContext Framework support classes .................................................. 304 Spring MVC Test Framework .......................................................................... 306 Server-Side Tests ................................................................................... 306 Client-Side REST Tests .......................................................................... 312 PetClinic Example .......................................................................................... 313 10.4. Further Resources ......................................................................................... 314 IV. Data Access ..................................................................................................................... 316 11. Transaction Management .......................................................................................... 317 11.1. Introduction to Spring Framework transaction management .............................. 317 11.2. Advantages of the Spring Framework’s transaction support model ..................... 317 Global transactions ......................................................................................... 317 Local transactions ........................................................................................... 318 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation x Spring Framework’s consistent programming model ......................................... 318 11.3. Understanding the Spring Framework transaction abstraction ............................ 319 11.4. Synchronizing resources with transactions ....................................................... 323 High-level synchronization approach ................................................................ 323 Low-level synchronization approach ................................................................. 323 TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy ................................................................. 324 11.5. Declarative transaction management ............................................................... 324 Understanding the Spring Framework’s declarative transaction implementation ... 325 Example of declarative transaction implementation ........................................... 326 Rolling back a declarative transaction .............................................................. 330 Configuring different transactional semantics for different beans ........................ 331 settings ....................................................................................... 333 Using @Transactional ..................................................................................... 335 @Transactional settings .......................................................................... 339 Multiple Transaction Managers with @Transactional ................................. 340 Custom shortcut annotations ................................................................... 341 Transaction propagation .................................................................................. 341 Required ................................................................................................ 342 RequiresNew .......................................................................................... 342 Nested ................................................................................................... 343 Advising transactional operations ..................................................................... 343 Using @Transactional with AspectJ ................................................................. 346 11.6. Programmatic transaction management ........................................................... 347 Using the TransactionTemplate ....................................................................... 347 Specifying transaction settings ................................................................ 349 Using the PlatformTransactionManager ............................................................ 349 11.7. Choosing between programmatic and declarative transaction management ........ 350 11.8. Application server-specific integration .............................................................. 350 IBM WebSphere ............................................................................................. 351 Oracle WebLogic Server ................................................................................. 351 11.9. Solutions to common problems ....................................................................... 351 Use of the wrong transaction manager for a specific DataSource ....................... 351 11.10. Further Resources ....................................................................................... 351 12. DAO support ............................................................................................................ 352 12.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 352 12.2. Consistent exception hierarchy ....................................................................... 352 12.3. Annotations used for configuring DAO or Repository classes ............................ 353 13. Data access with JDBC ............................................................................................ 355 13.1. Introduction to Spring Framework JDBC .......................................................... 355 Choosing an approach for JDBC database access ........................................... 355 Package hierarchy .......................................................................................... 356 13.2. Using the JDBC core classes to control basic JDBC processing and error handling ................................................................................................................. 357 JdbcTemplate ................................................................................................. 357 Examples of JdbcTemplate class usage ................................................... 357 JdbcTemplate best practices ................................................................... 359 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate ....................................................................... 361 SQLExceptionTranslator .................................................................................. 363 Executing statements ...................................................................................... 365 Running queries ............................................................................................. 365 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xi Updating the database .................................................................................... 366 Retrieving auto-generated keys ....................................................................... 367 13.3. Controlling database connections .................................................................... 367 DataSource .................................................................................................... 367 DataSourceUtils .............................................................................................. 369 SmartDataSource ........................................................................................... 369 AbstractDataSource ........................................................................................ 369 SingleConnectionDataSource .......................................................................... 369 DriverManagerDataSource .............................................................................. 369 TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy ................................................................. 370 DataSourceTransactionManager ...................................................................... 370 NativeJdbcExtractor ........................................................................................ 370 13.4. JDBC batch operations .................................................................................. 371 Basic batch operations with the JdbcTemplate ................................................. 371 Batch operations with a List of objects ............................................................. 372 Batch operations with multiple batches ............................................................ 373 13.5. Simplifying JDBC operations with the SimpleJdbc classes ................................ 374 Inserting data using SimpleJdbcInsert .............................................................. 374 Retrieving auto-generated keys using SimpleJdbcInsert .................................... 375 Specifying columns for a SimpleJdbcInsert ...................................................... 376 Using SqlParameterSource to provide parameter values ................................... 376 Calling a stored procedure with SimpleJdbcCall ............................................... 377 Explicitly declaring parameters to use for a SimpleJdbcCall ............................... 379 How to define SqlParameters .......................................................................... 380 Calling a stored function using SimpleJdbcCall ................................................. 381 Returning ResultSet/REF Cursor from a SimpleJdbcCall ................................... 381 13.6. Modeling JDBC operations as Java objects ..................................................... 382 SqlQuery ........................................................................................................ 383 MappingSqlQuery ........................................................................................... 383 SqlUpdate ...................................................................................................... 384 StoredProcedure ............................................................................................. 385 13.7. Common problems with parameter and data value handling .............................. 388 Providing SQL type information for parameters ................................................. 389 Handling BLOB and CLOB objects .................................................................. 389 Passing in lists of values for IN clause ............................................................ 390 Handling complex types for stored procedure calls ........................................... 391 13.8. Embedded database support .......................................................................... 392 Why use an embedded database? .................................................................. 392 Creating an embedded database instance using Spring XML ............................ 392 Creating an embedded database instance programmatically .............................. 392 Extending the embedded database support ...................................................... 393 Using HSQL ................................................................................................... 393 Using H2 ........................................................................................................ 393 Using Derby ................................................................................................... 393 Testing data access logic with an embedded database ..................................... 393 13.9. Initializing a DataSource ................................................................................. 394 Initializing a database instance using Spring XML ............................................. 394 Initialization of Other Components that Depend on the Database ............... 395 14. Object Relational Mapping (ORM) Data Access .......................................................... 397 14.1. Introduction to ORM with Spring ..................................................................... 397 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xii 14.2. General ORM integration considerations ......................................................... 398 Resource and transaction management ........................................................... 398 Exception translation ....................................................................................... 399 14.3. Hibernate ....................................................................................................... 399 SessionFactory setup in a Spring container ...................................................... 400 Implementing DAOs based on plain Hibernate 3 API ........................................ 400 Declarative transaction demarcation ................................................................ 402 Programmatic transaction demarcation ............................................................ 404 Transaction management strategies ................................................................ 405 Comparing container-managed and locally defined resources ............................ 407 Spurious application server warnings with Hibernate ......................................... 408 14.4. JDO .............................................................................................................. 409 PersistenceManagerFactory setup ................................................................... 409 Implementing DAOs based on the plain JDO API ............................................. 410 Transaction management ................................................................................ 412 JdoDialect ...................................................................................................... 413 14.5. JPA ............................................................................................................... 414 Three options for JPA setup in a Spring environment ........................................ 414 LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean .............................................................. 414 Obtaining an EntityManagerFactory from JNDI ......................................... 415 LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean ............................................... 415 Dealing with multiple persistence units ..................................................... 417 Implementing DAOs based on plain JPA .......................................................... 418 Transaction Management ................................................................................ 420 JpaDialect ...................................................................................................... 421 15. Marshalling XML using O/X Mappers ......................................................................... 423 15.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 423 Ease of configuration ...................................................................................... 423 Consistent Interfaces ...................................................................................... 423 Consistent Exception Hierarchy ....................................................................... 423 15.2. Marshaller and Unmarshaller .......................................................................... 423 Marshaller ...................................................................................................... 423 Unmarshaller .................................................................................................. 424 XmlMappingException ..................................................................................... 425 15.3. Using Marshaller and Unmarshaller ................................................................. 425 15.4. XML Schema-based Configuration .................................................................. 427 15.5. JAXB ............................................................................................................. 427 Jaxb2Marshaller ............................................................................................. 428 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 428 15.6. Castor ........................................................................................................... 429 CastorMarshaller ............................................................................................ 429 Mapping ......................................................................................................... 429 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 429 15.7. XMLBeans ..................................................................................................... 430 XmlBeansMarshaller ....................................................................................... 430 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 430 15.8. JiBX .............................................................................................................. 431 JibxMarshaller ................................................................................................ 431 XML Schema-based Configuration ........................................................... 431 15.9. XStream ........................................................................................................ 432 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xiii XStreamMarshaller ......................................................................................... 432 V. The Web ........................................................................................................................... 434 16. Web MVC framework ................................................................................................ 435 16.1. Introduction to Spring Web MVC framework .................................................... 435 Features of Spring Web MVC ......................................................................... 436 Pluggability of other MVC implementations ...................................................... 437 16.2. The DispatcherServlet .................................................................................... 437 Special Bean Types In the WebApplicationContext ........................................... 440 Default DispatcherServlet Configuration ........................................................... 441 DispatcherServlet Processing Sequence .......................................................... 441 16.3. Implementing Controllers ................................................................................ 443 Defining a controller with @Controller .............................................................. 443 Mapping Requests With Using @RequestMapping ........................................... 444 New Support Classes for @RequestMapping methods in Spring MVC 3.1 .. 446 URI Template Patterns ........................................................................... 447 URI Template Patterns with Regular Expressions ..................................... 448 Path Patterns ......................................................................................... 449 Patterns with Placeholders ...................................................................... 449 Matrix Variables ...................................................................................... 449 Consumable Media Types ....................................................................... 450 Producible Media Types .......................................................................... 451 Request Parameters and Header Values ................................................. 451 Defining @RequestMapping handler methods .................................................. 452 Supported method argument types .......................................................... 452 Supported method return types ............................................................... 454 Binding request parameters to method parameters with @RequestParam ... 455 Mapping the request body with the @RequestBody annotation .................. 456 Mapping the response body with the @ResponseBody annotation ............. 457 Creating REST Controllers with the @RestController annotation ................ 457 Using HttpEntity ...................................................................................... 457 Using @ModelAttribute on a method ....................................................... 458 Using @ModelAttribute on a method argument ......................................... 459 Using @SessionAttributes to store model attributes in the HTTP session between requests ................................................................................... 461 Specifying redirect and flash attributes ..................................................... 461 Working with "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" data ............................ 462 Mapping cookie values with the @CookieValue annotation ........................ 462 Mapping request header attributes with the @RequestHeader annotation ... 463 Method Parameters And Type Conversion ............................................... 463 Customizing WebDataBinder initialization ................................................. 464 Support for the Last-Modified Response Header To Facilitate Content Caching ................................................................................................. 465 Assisting Controllers with the @ControllerAdvice annotation ...................... 465 Asynchronous Request Processing .................................................................. 466 Exception Handling for Async Requests ................................................... 467 Intercepting Async Requests ................................................................... 467 Configuration for Async Request Processing ............................................ 468 Testing Controllers ......................................................................................... 469 16.4. Handler mappings .......................................................................................... 469 Intercepting requests with a HandlerInterceptor ................................................ 469 Spring Framework 4.0.0.RELEASE Spring Framework Reference Documentation xiv 16.5. Resolving views ............................................................................................. 471 Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface .............................................. 471 Chaining ViewResolvers ................................................................................. 473 Redirecting to views ....................................................................................... 474 RedirectView .......................................................................................... 474 The redirect: prefix ................................................................................. 475 The forward: prefix ................................................................................. 475 ContentNegotiatingViewResolver ..................................................................... 475 16.6. Using flash attributes ..................................................................................... 478 16.7. Building URIs ................................................................................................. 479 16.8. Building URIs to Controllers and methods ....................................................... 480 16.9. Using locales ................................................................................................. 480 Obtaining Time Zone Information .................................................................... 481 AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver .......................................................................... 481 CookieLocaleResolver ..................................................................................... 481 SessionLocaleResolver ................................................................................... 481 LocaleChangeInterceptor ................................................................................ 482 16.10. Using themes ............................................................................................... 482 Overview of themes ........................................................................................ 482 Defining themes ............................................................................................. 482 Theme resolvers ............................................................................................. 483 16.11. Spring’s multipart (file upload) support ........................................................... 483 Introduction .................................................................................................... 483 Using a MultipartResolver with Commons FileUpload ........................................ 484 Using a MultipartResolver with Servlet 3.0 ....................................................... 484 Handling a file upload in a form ...................................................................... 484 Handling a file upload request from programmatic clients .................................. 486 16.12. Handling exceptions ..................................................................................... 486 HandlerExceptionResolver ............
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