模板写的双链表结构-出错

[黑夜愁客]

#ifndef NOTE_H
#define NOTE_H

template <typename T>
class Note{
public:
	T nodeValue;
	Note<T> *prev;
	Note<T> *next;

	Note(){
      next = this;
	  prev = this;
	}

	Note(const T &value):nodeValue(value){
     next = this;
	 prev = this;
	}

	void writeLinkedList(Note<T> *header, const string& separator);

	void erase(Note<T> *curr);

	Note<T> *insert(Note<T> *curr, const T &item);

	void clear(Note<T> *header);
};
#endif

文件实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include "note.h"
using namespace std;

template <typename T>
void Note<T>::writeLinkedList(Note<T> *header, const string& separator = "  "){
	Note<T> *p = header->next;//header points at the first note, p moves through the list

	while(p != header){
		cout << p->nodeValue << separator;//we need to change this~
		p = p->next;
	}
}

template <typename T>
void Note<T>::erase(Note<T> *curr){
    //return if current is empty
	if(curr->next == curr)
		return;

	//declare pointers for the predecessor and successor nodes
	Note<T> *prevNode = curr->prev;
	Note<T> *succNode = curr->next;

	//update the pointers for predecessor and successor
	prevNode->next = succNode;
	succNode->prev = prevNode;

	delete curr;//free memory
}

template <typename T>
Note<T>* Note<T>::insert(Note<T> *curr, const T &item){
  //declare pointers variable for the new node and the previous node
	Note<T> *newNode,*prevNode;

	//allocate a default node
	newNode = new Note<T>(item);

	//make prevNode points to the previous node of current one
	prevNode = curr->prev;

	//update the newNode's pointers
	newNode->prev = prevNode;
	newNode->next = curr;

	//update the current node and previous node's pointers 
	//==>points to the new node
	prevNode->next = newNode;
	curr->prev = newNode;

	return newNode;

}

template <typename T>
void Note<T>::clear(Note<T> *header){
  while(header->next != header)
		erase(header->next);
}

测试：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include "note.h"		// node class


using namespace std;



int main()
{
   // header node for list holding jumbled characters
   Note<char> *header = new Note<char>;
   string word;
   int numWords, i, j;
	//randomNumber rnd;

   // prompt for the number of words to enter
	cout << "How many words will you enter? ";
	cin >> numWords;
	cout << endl;

   for (i = 0; i < numWords; i++)
   {
		cout << "Word: ";
		cin >> word;

      // use rnd.random(2) to determine if the char is inserted
      // at the front (value = 0) or back (value = 1) of the list
      for (j = 0; j < word.length(); j++)
         if (rand()%10 == 0)
				// insert at the front of the list
            insert(header->next, word[j]);
         else
				// insert at the back of the list
         	insert(header, word[j]);

      // output the word and its jumbled variation
      cout << "Word/Jumbled Word: " << word << "   ";
      writeLinkedList(header);
      cout << endl << endl;

      // clear the list in preparation for the next word
      clear(header);
   }

   return 0;
}

错误很多：看了很多tempalte的使用，就是书上这里例子我按自己的方式写的：
note.cpp
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(21) : error C4430: 缺少类型说明符 - 假定为 int。注意: C++ 不支持默认 int
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(28): 参见对正在编译的类 模板 实例化“Note<T>”的引用
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(21) : error C2143: 语法错误 : 缺少“,”(在“&”的前面)
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.cpp(15) : error C2244: “Note<T>::writeLinkedList”: 无法将函数定义与现有的声明匹配
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(21) : 参见“Note<T>::writeLinkedList”的声明
定义
'void Note<T>::writeLinkedList(Note<T> *,const std::string &)'
现有声明
'void Note<T>::writeLinkedList(Note<T> *,const int)'
test.cpp
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(21) : error C4430: 缺少类型说明符 - 假定为 int。注意: C++ 不支持默认 int
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(28): 参见对正在编译的类 模板 实例化“Note<T>”的引用
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\note.h(21) : error C2143: 语法错误 : 缺少“,”(在“&”的前面)
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\test.cpp(33) : warning C4018: “<”: 有符号/无符号不匹配
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\test.cpp(36) : error C3861: “insert”: 找不到标识符
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\test.cpp(39) : error C3861: “insert”: 找不到标识符
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\test.cpp(43) : error C3861: “writeLinkedList”: 找不到标识符
c:\documents and settings\admin\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\ipv6\ipv6\test.cpp(47) : error C3861: “clear”: 找不到标识符
正在生成代码...
生成日志保存在“file://c:\Documents and Settings\Admin\My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\Ipv6\Ipv6\Debug\BuildLog.htm”
Ipv6 - 9 个错误，1 个警告
========== 生成: 成功 0 个，失败 1 个，最新 0 个，跳过 0 个 ==========

很奇怪，不能找出其中原因，请大家帮忙下，谢谢

[黑夜愁客]

晕，我知道我自己错在哪里啊

[fox000002]

知道就好，顺道 jf

[lightnut]

1. 将模板的定义和实现都放.h文件中去.
2. insert(header->next, word[j]);
===>
header->insert(header->next, word[j]);

insert(header, word[j]);
====>
header->insert(header, word[j]);

writeLinkedList(header);
=====>
header->writeLinkedList(header);

clear(header);
======>
header->clear(header);

[healer_kx]

纯接分。

[猫已经找不回了]

..好快,结果处得真快.
恭喜楼主.

[grellen]

接分

[zhkefa]

[Quote=引用 4 楼 healer_kx 的回复:]
纯接分。
[/Quote]

**

[pengzhixi]

jf

[sagegz]

这样的问题在坛子里已经说过很多次了,将模板的定义和实现都放.h文件中去.
模板不支持把函数声明和定义分开到2个文件中.