求助，Direct 3D 里 为什么我用了坐标转换 显示出来的图形却仍然是以屏幕为坐标轴绘制的？

[estein]

相关代码如下，望高手给予解答，感激不已。

my_vertex g_vertices[]={
	{0.0f,300.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},// x,y,z,COLOR
	{0.0f,100.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
	{100.0f,100.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
｝

……
	//	建立一个观察矩阵
	D3DXVECTOR3 vEyePt(0.0f,0.0f,-1.0f);
	D3DXVECTOR3 vLookatPt(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	D3DXVECTOR3 vUpVec(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
	D3DXMATRIX matView;
	D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView,&vEyePt,&vLookatPt,&vUpVec);
	p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&matView);

	//	建立一个透视投影矩阵
	D3DXMATRIX matProj;
	D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj,D3DX_PI/4,1.0f,1.0f,100.0f);
	p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION,&matProj);

	//	设置视区
	RECT rect;
	GetClientRect(hWnd,&rect);
	D3DVIEWPORT9 vp;
	vp.X = 0;
	vp.Y = 0;
	vp.Width = rect.right;
	vp.Height = rect.bottom;
	vp.MinZ = 0.0f;
	vp.MaxZ = 1.0f;
	p_D3DDevice->SetViewport(&vp);
……
void Render(void)
{
	D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
	if(NULL== p_D3DDevice)
		return ;
	static unsigned char red=0,green=0,blue=0;

	//清除缓冲区并设置为新颜色
	p_D3DDevice->Clear(0,NULL,D3DCLEAR_TARGET,D3DCOLOR_XRGB(red,green,blue),1.0f,0);

	//向设备提示开始渲染
	if(SUCCEEDED(p_D3DDevice->BeginScene()))
	{
		//	使用普通的顶点模式
		p_D3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);

		p_D3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0,g_vb,0,sizeof(my_vertex));
		D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matWorld,10.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
		p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD,&matWorld);
		p_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST,0,1);



		//	向设备提示渲染完成
		p_D3DDevice->EndScene();
	}	
	//	显示结果
	p_D3DDevice->Present(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
}

[ieihqqqq]

屏幕坐标系与设备坐标系之间的转换吧。。

[estein]

就是建立观察矩阵，透视投影矩阵，然后将相对坐标转换为世界坐标，但是貌似没有效果
小弟刚开始学Direct 3D

[taxi]

D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX是如何组合的，应该是D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE

[estein]

我使用的开发环境是VC6.0 会不会是这个的原因？

[estein]

发错了，顶点数据是这样的

my_vertex g_vertices[]={
    {0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},// x,y,z,COLOR
    {0.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
    {-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
    {-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,0x0000000},
    {-1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0x0000000},
    {1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,0x0000000},
    {1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0x0000000},
};

[estein]

恩 去掉了 图像还是出不来~

[taxi]

你现在的问题是什么，窗口是黑的还是说你的3D坐标被解释成窗口坐标。

[taxi]

你将照相机位置的Z坐标设大一点，另外确保你的顶点顺序是正确的或关闭了背面剔除，另外，你的顶点没有法线，因此照明需要光掉，Direct3D默认好像是打开的。

[estein]

[Quote=引用 4 楼 taxi 的回复:]
D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX是如何组合的，应该是D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE
[/Quote]

是这样组合的

[estein]

全部代码如下

#include <windows.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>


#pragma comment(lib,"d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"d3dx9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")


RECT rect;

int sw=640;
int sh=480;

bool FullScreen = 1;

struct my_vertex{
	FLOAT x,y,z,rhw;
	DWORD color;
};

//一个用来定义顶点的宏
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)


my_vertex g_vertices[]={
	{0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},// x,y,z,COLOR
	{0.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
	{-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0xFFFFFFFF},
	{-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0x0000000},
	{-1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0x0000000},
	{1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0x0000000},
	{1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0x0000000},
};

//顶点缓冲区是用优化方法渲染存储的顶点的一种方法

IDirect3DVertexBuffer9 *g_vb = NULL;

LPDIRECT3D9 p_D3D = NULL;				//Direct3D对象指针
IDirect3DDevice9 *p_D3DDevice = NULL;	//Direct3D设备指针


HWND hWnd;
HDC hDc;

HINSTANCE hInstance;


int D3DInit(void)
{
	HRESULT hr;
	void *vb_vertices;

	D3DXMATRIX view_matrix;
	D3DXMATRIX matProj;

	p_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING,FALSE);


	hr = p_D3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(7*sizeof(my_vertex),
		D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,
		D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
		D3DPOOL_MANAGED,
		&g_vb,NULL);

	hr = g_vb->Lock(0,0,&vb_vertices,0);
	if(FAILED(hr))
	{
		MessageBox(NULL,"Error Locking Buffer","fd",MB_ICONHAND);
	}
	
	memcpy(vb_vertices,g_vertices,sizeof(g_vertices));
	g_vb->Unlock();

	D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&view_matrix,&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,-1.0f),
		&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f),
		&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f));
	p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&view_matrix);

	D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj,D3DX_PI/4,(float)sw/(float)sh,1.0f,100.0f);
	p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION,&matProj);

	return S_OK;
}

D3DFORMAT find_16bit_mode(void)
{
	HRESULT hr;
	//首先测试（16位色模式）R5G6B5
	hr=p_D3D->CheckDeviceType(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
		D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
		D3DFMT_R5G6B5,
		D3DFMT_R5G6B5,
		FALSE);
	if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
	{
		return D3DFMT_R5G6B5;
	}
	// 接下来测试X1R5G5B5
	hr=p_D3D->CheckDeviceType(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
		D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
		D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5,
		D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5,
		FALSE);
	if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
	{
		return D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5;
	}
	return (D3DFORMAT)NULL;
}

BOOL D3DEnable()
{
//	HRESULT hr;
	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
	D3DDISPLAYMODE display_mode;
	// 创建Direct3D9 ，这是任何D3D9程序里必须做的事情
	// 返回D3D版本值
	if(NULL==(p_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION)))
		return E_FAIL;

	//查询当前（桌面）的显示模式，仅运行在窗口模式
	if(FAILED(p_D3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,&display_mode)))
		return E_FAIL;


	//设置传递给LPDIRECT3D9::CreateDevice 的参数，将D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构清零
	ZeroMemory(&d3dpp,sizeof(d3dpp));

	//	在全屏和窗口模式下均相同
	d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;

	//	由于不再有用，所以要释放以前的帧

	d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;//	主窗口
	d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;//	仅需要一个备份缓冲区

	//	在全屏模式下设置后备缓冲区的宽/高
	if(FullScreen)
	{
		d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
		d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = sw;
		d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = sh;
		d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = find_16bit_mode();
	}
	else
	{
		d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
		d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = display_mode.Format;
	}
	if(FAILED(p_D3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,//在多显示器系统中默认的接口可以超过一个
		D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,//尽量选择硬件加速而不是软件渲染
		hWnd,//	当前窗口
		D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,//	用软件处理矢量，要比硬件方式慢，但兼容所有图形卡
		&d3dpp,// D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构
		&p_D3DDevice)))//	指向新的设备
		return E_FAIL;
	return TRUE;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////
//	释放D3D系统资源
//
void D3DDisable()
{
	if(p_D3DDevice)
	{
		p_D3DDevice->Release();
		p_D3DDevice = NULL;
	}
	if(p_D3D)
	{
		p_D3D->Release();
		p_D3D = NULL;
	}
	if(g_vb)
	{
		g_vb->Release();
		g_vb = NULL;
	}

}

////////////////////////////////////////
//	绘制D3D画面
//
void Render(void)
{
	D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
	if(NULL== p_D3DDevice)
		return ;
	static unsigned char red=0,green=0,blue=0;

	//清除缓冲区并设置为新颜色
	p_D3DDevice->Clear(0,NULL,D3DCLEAR_TARGET,D3DCOLOR_XRGB(red,green,blue),1.0f,0);

	//向设备提示开始渲染
	if(SUCCEEDED(p_D3DDevice->BeginScene()))
	{
			//	使用普通的顶点模式
		p_D3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);

		p_D3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0,g_vb,0,sizeof(my_vertex));
		D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matWorld,-1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
		p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD,&matWorld);
		p_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST,0,1);

		D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matWorld,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
		p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD,&matWorld);
		p_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP,3,2);

		//	向设备提示渲染完成
		p_D3DDevice->EndScene();
	}	
	//	显示结果
	p_D3DDevice->Present(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
}


////////////////////////////////////////
//	窗口过程函数
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd,UINT Message,
						 WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
	switch(Message)
	{
	case WM_CREATE:
		GetWindowRect(hWnd,&rect);
		sw=rect.right-rect.left;
		sh=rect.bottom-rect.top;
		return 0;
	case WM_SIZE:
		return 0;
	case WM_CLOSE:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		return 0;
	case WM_KEYDOWN:
		switch(wParam)
		{
		case VK_ESCAPE:
			PostMessage(hWnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
			break;
		}
		return 0;
	default:
		return DefWindowProc(hWnd,Message,wParam,lParam);
	}
}


//////////////////////////////////////////
//	注册窗口
//
BOOL Register(HINSTANCE hInst)
{
    WNDCLASS WndClass;

    WndClass.style         = CS_OWNDC;
    WndClass.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
    WndClass.cbClsExtra    = 0;
    WndClass.cbWndExtra    = 0;
    WndClass.hInstance     = hInst;
    WndClass.hIcon         = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
    WndClass.hCursor       = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
    WndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    WndClass.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
    WndClass.lpszClassName = "Name";

    return (RegisterClass(&WndClass)!=0);

}

/////////////////////////////////////////
//	建立窗口
//
HWND Create(HINSTANCE hInst,int nCmdShow)
{
	hInstance = hInst;
	HWND hWnd;
	if(FullScreen)
	{
		hWnd = CreateWindow("Name","Lesson 1",WS_POPUP|WS_CLIPSIBLINGS|WS_VISIBLE,
			0,0,
			GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),
			GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN),
			NULL,NULL,
			hInstance,NULL);
	}
	else
	{
		hWnd = CreateWindow("Name","Lesson 1",WS_TILEDWINDOW|WS_VISIBLE,
			GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN)/2-sw/2,
			GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN)/2-sh/2,
			sw,sh,
			NULL,NULL,
			hInstance,NULL);
		ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0);
	}
	if(hWnd==NULL)
		return FALSE;

	ShowWindow(hWnd,nCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);

	return hWnd;
}


///////////////////////////////////////////
//	应用程序入口
//
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst,HINSTANCE hPrevInst,LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nCmdShow)
{
	MSG Msg;
	bool bQuit = FALSE;

	if(MessageBox(NULL,"是否选择全屏模式？","FullScreen?",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONQUESTION)==IDNO)
	{
		FullScreen = 0;
	}
	if(!hPrevInst)
	{
		if(!Register(hInst))
			return FALSE;
	}
	hWnd=Create(hInst,nCmdShow);

	if(SUCCEEDED(D3DEnable()))
	{
		D3DInit();

		if(!FullScreen)
		{
			GetWindowRect(hWnd,&rect);
			sw=rect.right-rect.left;
			sh=rect.bottom-rect.top;
		}

		while(!bQuit)
		{
			if(PeekMessage(&Msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
			{
				if(Msg.message==WM_QUIT)
					bQuit = TRUE;
				else
				{
					TranslateMessage(&Msg);
					DispatchMessage(&Msg);
				}
			}
			else
			{
				Render();
			}
		}
	}
	D3DDisable();
	ShowWindow(hWnd,SW_HIDE);
	DestroyWindow(hWnd);

	ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0);
	return Msg.wParam;
	return 0;
}

[estein]

这是最开始的代码 这样就是直接空白 什么都显示不出来了

[taxi]

struct my_vertex{
FLOAT x,y,z,rhw;
DWORD color;
};

把rhw这个成员去掉。

[IONPhantom]

把代码贴出来吧,要不很难判断,FVF设置的不对确实会有影响

[estein]

额 大概明白了 taxi 谢谢你了哦~~~