bind反向解析问题

[binlanrain]

named.conf
options{
directory "/var/named";
forwarders {
61.139.2.69;
};
};

# Use with the following in named.conf, adjusting the allow list as needed:
key "rndc-key" {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret "Ue8n9NeROQdIpvSmMPKeRg==";
};

controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "rndc-key"; };
};
# End of named.conf



#zone space

zone "."{
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};


#Slave nameserver for domain.com and 192.168.1/24
//zone "domain.com"{
// type slave;
// masters {192.168.1.160;};
// file "slaves/domain.com.zone";
// };

//zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa"{
// type slave;
// masters {192.168.1.160;};
// file "slaves/192.168.1.zone";
// };
//

zone "example.com"{
type master;
file "example.com.zone";
};

zone "1.168.192.in-adde.arpa" {
type master;
file "1.168.192.in-adde.arpa.zone";
};


example.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);



1.168.192.in-adde.arpa.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);
@ IN NS example.com.
160 IN PTR example.com.

@ IN NS ns.example.com.
ns IN A 192.168.1.160
mail IN A 192.168.1.160
mail IN MX 10 mail.example.com.
www IN A 192.168.1.160




[root@localhost ~]# named -g
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.656 starting BIND 9.6.0 -g
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.659 built with defaults
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.660 using up to 4096 sockets
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.681 loading configuration from '/etc/named.conf'
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.686 using default UDP/IPv4 port range: [1024, 65535]
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.688 using default UDP/IPv6 port range: [1024, 65535]
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.697 listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.699 listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.1.160#53
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.713 automatic empty zone: 0.IN-ADDR.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.715 automatic empty zone: 127.IN-ADDR.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.716 automatic empty zone: 254.169.IN-ADDR.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.718 automatic empty zone: 2.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.720 automatic empty zone: 255.255.255.255.IN-ADDR.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.723 automatic empty zone: 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.724 automatic empty zone: 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.725 automatic empty zone: D.F.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.726 automatic empty zone: 8.E.F.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.728 automatic empty zone: 9.E.F.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.730 automatic empty zone: A.E.F.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.732 automatic empty zone: B.E.F.IP6.ARPA
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.745 command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.748 ignoring config file logging statement due to -g option
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.754 zone 1.168.192.in-adde.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2009051400
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.761 zone example.com/IN: loaded serial 2009051400
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.764 running
29-Apr-2009 12:07:58.766 zone example.com/IN: sending notifies (serial 2009051400)
29-Apr-2009 12:10:27.025 shutting down
29-Apr-2009 12:10:27.028 stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953
29-Apr-2009 12:10:27.030 no longer listening on 127.0.0.1#53
29-Apr-2009 12:10:27.031 no longer listening on 192.168.1.160#53
29-Apr-2009 12:10:27.043 exiting




[root@localhost /var/named]# nslookup
> www.example.com
Server: 192.168.1.160
Address: 192.168.1.160#53

Name: www.example.com
Address: 192.168.1.160
> mail.example.com
Server: 192.168.1.160
Address: 192.168.1.160#53

> 192.168.1.160
Server: 192.168.1.160
Address: 192.168.1.160#53

** server can't find 160.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.: NXDOMAIN

请专家看看怎么回事，我弄了很久了，一直找不到问题，麻烦您看下，还有我想确定一下，如果是反向解析应该是制定主机host:ns.example.com还是应该域domain:domain.com

[morris88]

安装过程

安装的目录是/usr/local/named, 所有的域名的文件都是放在 /usr/local/named/var下，这个路径需要注意，很多文章是在/var/named这个目录下，不过我觉得把所有的文件放在named的目录下，会更好。


tar zxvf bind-9.4.2.tar.gz
cd bind-9.4.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/named && make && make install
groupadd bind
useradd -g bind -d /usr/local/named -s /sbin/nologin bind
cd /usr/local/named/etc
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc-confgen > rndc.conf
cat rndc.conf > rndc.key
chmod 777 /usr/local/named/var
tail -10 rndc.conf | head -9 | sed s/#\ //g > named.conf


vi named.conf
添加下面内容(

#################

options {
directory "/usr/local/named/var"; //域名文件存放的绝对路径
pid-file "named.pid"; //如果bind启动，自动会在/usr/local/named/var目录生成一个named.pid文件，打开文件就是named进程的ID
};

zone "." IN {
type hint; //根域名服务器
file "named.root"; //存放在//usr/local/named/var目录，文件名为named.root
};

zone "localhost" IN {
type master; //类型为主域名服务器
file "localhost.zone"; //本地正向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master; //类型为主域名服务器
file "named.local"; //本地反向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};

zone "test.com" IN { //建立test.com域
type master;
file "test.com.zone"; //test.com域映射IP地址可在此文件编写
allow-update { none; };
};


zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" in { //反向解析
type master;
file "test.com.rev"; //存放反向解析的文件
allow-update { none; };
};
########################

cd /usr/local/named/var

1：named.root
dig @a.root-servers.net . ns > named.root

2：localhost.zone
##########
$TTL 86400
$ORIGIN localhost.
@ 1D IN SOA @ root (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum

1D IN NS @
1D IN A 127.0.0.1
#############

3：named.local
###############
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.

1 IN PTR localhost.
####################


4：test.com.zone
############

$TTL 86400 ; 1 day
@ IN SOA ns1.test.com. root.test.com. (
2008050122 ; serial
28800 ; refresh (8 hours)
7200 ; retry (2 hours)
604800 ; expire (1 week)
86400 ; minimum (1 day)
)
NS ns1.test.com.
A 192.168.1.168
MX 10 mail.test.com.
www A 192.168.1.168
mail A 192.168.1.168
ns1 A 192.168.1.168

#########################
5：test.com.rev
#############
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns1.test.com. root.test.com.(
20031001;
7200;
3600;
43200;
86400);
@ IN NS ns1.test.com.
168 IN PTR ns1.test.com.
##############

三：启动脚本

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/named

#!/bin/bash
# named a network name service.
# chkconfig: 345 35 75
# description: a name server

if [ `id -u` -ne 0 ]
then
echo "ERROR:For bind to port 53,must run as root."
exit 1
fi
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -x /usr/local/named/sbin/named ]; then
/usr/local/named/sbin/named -c /usr/local/named/etc/named.conf -u bind && echo . && echo 'BIND9 server started'
fi
;;
stop)
kill `cat /usr/local/named/var/named.pid` && echo . && echo 'BIND9 server stopped'
;;
restart)
echo .
echo "Restart BIND9 server"
$0 stop
sleep 10
$0 start
;;
reload)
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc reload
;;
status)
/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc status
;;
*)
echo "$0 start | stop | restart |reload |status"
;;
esac


chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/named

chkconfig --add named

service named start


四：启动测试

/usr/local/named/sbin/named -g

你可以看到启动的过程，如果你的配置文件有错误，所以你可以根据这个排错


启动服务测试一下
/usr/local/named/sbin/named -c /usr/local/named/etc/named.conf -u bind &


查看状态

/usr/local/named/sbin/rndc status

启动服务

service named restart

编辑/etc/resolv.conf

修改这个文件，把本机的dns指向本机168

nslookup就可以测试了。


centos5.1学习全攻略（06）--bind配置过程
http://hi.baidu.com/chenshake/blog/item/162f03172220d7044b90a718.html

[morris88]

用BIND组建稳定高效的DNS服务器

http://www.net130.com/2004/12-9/185332.html

[猫已经找不回了]

http://hi.baidu.com/chenshake/blog/item/162f03172220d7044b90a718.html

http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/42928/showart_334280.html

教程你应该找了不少了。

server can't find 167.126.32.10.in-addr.arpa.: NXDOMAIN
这样的错误可以参考下这里

http://hi.baidu.com/filebat/blog/item/c38c10b3f19835afd8335ac6.html
倒数第2个错误

[binlanrain]

1.168.192.in-adde.arpa.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);
@ IN NS example.com.
160 IN PTR mail.example.com.
专家请看看，我这里已经重新修改过了，不过在测试192.168.1.160进行nslookup反向解析的时候还是提示
** server can't find 160.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.: NXDOMAIN
请专家看看

[steptodream]

$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);
@ IN NS example.com.
160 IN PTR mail.example.com.
改成
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);
IN NS example.com.
160 IN PTR mail.example.com.

也就是把IN NS example.com.前面的@去掉

[binlanrain]

[Quote=引用 5 楼 steptodream 的回复:]
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com.(
2009051400;
10800;
3600;
604800;
0;
);
@ IN NS example.com.
160 …
[/Quote]

你好！谢谢你的回答，已经尝试修改，但还是未能成功，失踪提示
** server can't find 160.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.: NXDOMAIN