寻找音频操作的资料

数字蛋糕 2001-10-28 08:03:49
我是学电子出身，想写一个音频数据的编辑器。
可是找不到比较底层的音频操作API。

谁能提供这方面的资料？Direct Sound的资料也行。
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数字蛋糕 2001-11-12
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那个控件组我也有,不用麻烦了.
谢谢大家的帮助.
cdkogh 2001-11-07
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只有VC++的，暂时还没有全部移植到Delphi
Typhone 2001-11-07
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我有， 是delphi版的dx——delphix。 这个东东使用dxsound巨简单！
不过我还是觉得简单的操作音频的话没有必要使用directx，直接分析
wave文件格式就行了。有兴趣的话与我联系 Typhone@cmmail.com
oicq 1600527
shen630 2001-11-06
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关注
liaoliao 2001-11-05
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先谢谢提供代码的兄弟！不过我是初学者，能否详细说明怎样使用？
数字蛋糕 2001-11-05
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谢谢大家鼎力相助。顺便在罗嗦一句，有没有Delphi的例子？
如果没有的话，我也将在一个星期内结贴。

再次感谢。
hellenlong 2001-11-05
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yes
combsky 2001-11-05
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牛！
cdkogh 2001-11-05
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实现DirectSound需要以下几个步骤:
1. 创建及初始化DirectSound:
LPDIRECTSOUND m_pDirectObject;
if(DirectSoundCreate(NULL,&
m_pDirectObject,NULL)==DS_OK)
//设定应用程序的声音设备优先级别方式,一般为DSSCL_NORMAL
m_pDirectObject->SetCooperativeLevel(this->m_hWnd,DSSCL_NORMAL);
else
AfxMessageBox("DirectSound Create failed");
2. 将WAV文件读入内存,找到格式块、数据块位置及数据长度:
m_pMemory,m_pFormat,m_pData,m_dwSize在头文件中声明。
BOOL CDirectWave::LoadFile (CString Filename)
{
CFile File;
DWORD dwSize;
if (!File.Open (Filename, CFile::modeRead |
CFile::shareDenyNone))
return FALSE;
dwSize = File.Seek (0, CFile::end);
File.Seek (0, CFile::begin);
//m_pMemory内存存储块指针,类型:LPVOID
m_pMemory = GlobalAlloc (GMEM_FIXED, dwSize);
if (File.ReadHuge (m_pMemory, dwSize) != dwSize){
File.Close ();
return FALSE;
}
File.Close ();
LPDWORD pdw,pdwEnd;
DWORD dwRiff,dwType, dwLength, dwLength;
if (m_pFormat) //格式块指针,类型:
LPWAVEFORMATEX
m_pFormat = NULL;
if (m_pData) //数据块指针,类型:LPBYTE
m_pData = NULL;
if (m_dwSize) //数据长度,类型:DWORD
m_dwSize = 0;
pdw = (DWORD *) m_pMemory;
dwRiff = *pdw++;
dwLength = *pdw++;
dwType = *pdw++;
if (dwRiff != mmioFOURCC (‘R’, ‘I’, ‘F’, ‘F’))
return FALSE;
if (dwType != mmioFOURCC (‘W’, ‘A’, ‘V’, ‘E’))
return FALSE;
//寻找格式块,数据块位置及数据长度
pdwEnd = (DWORD *)((BYTE *) pdw + dwLength - 4);
while (pdw < pdwEnd){
dwType = *pdw++;
dwLength = *pdw++;
switch (dwType){
case mmioFOURCC(‘f’, ‘m’, ‘t’, ‘ ’):
if (!m_pFormat){
if (dwLength < sizeof (WAVEFORMAT))
return FALSE;
m_pFormat = (LPWAVEFORMATEX) pdw;
if (m_pData && m_dwSize)
return TRUE;
}
break;
case mmioFOURCC(‘d’, ‘a’, ‘t’, ‘a’):
if (!m_pData || !m_dwSize){
m_pData = (LPBYTE) pdw;
m_dwSize = dwLength;
if (m_pFormat)
return TRUE;
}
break;
}
pdw = (DWORD *)((BYTE *) pdw + ((dwLength + 1) &～ 1));
}
//未找到,返回FALSE
return FALSE;
}
3. 创建声音缓冲区:
DSBUFFERDESC BufferDesc;
memset (&BufferDesc, 0, sizeof (BufferDesc));
BufferDesc.lpwfxFormat = (LPWAVEFORMATEX)
m_pFormat;
BufferDesc.dwSize = sizeof (DSBUFFERDESC);
BufferDesc.dwBufferBytes = m_dwSize;
BufferDesc.dwFlags = 0;
//头文件中声明m_pDSoundBuffer,类型:
LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER
if (pDSoundObject->CreateSoundBuffer (&
BufferDesc, &m_pDSoundBuffer, 0) != DS_OK)
return FALSE;
4. 载入声音数据:
BOOL CDirectWave::LoadData (void){
LPVOID lpPtr1, lpPtr2;
DWORD dwLen1, dwLen2;
HRESULT hResult;
TryLoad:
hResult = m_pDSoundBuffer->Lock (0, m_dwSize, &lpPtr1, &dwLen1, &lpPtr2, &dwLen2, 0);
if (hResult == DS_OK){
memcpy (lpPtr1, m_pData, dwLen1);
if (lpPtr2)
　memcpy (lpPtr2, m_pData + dwLen1, dwLen2);
m_pDSoundBuffer->Unlock (lpPtr1, dwLen1, lpPtr2, dwLen2);
　return TRUE;
}
else if (hResult == DSERR_BUFFERLOST){
hResult = m_pDSoundBuffer->Restore ();
if (hResult == DS_OK)
goto TryLoad;
}
return FALSE;
}
5. 播放及停止:
void CDirectWave::Play (BOOL bLoop){
DWORD dwFlags = 0;//dwFlags=
DSBPLAY_LOOPING可实现循环播放
TryPlay:
if (m_pDSoundBuffer->Play (0, 0, dwFlags) ==
DSERR_BUFFERLOST){
　if (LoadData ())//数据丢失,重新装载
goto TryPlay;
}
}
void CDirectWave::Stop (void){
m_pDSoundBuffer->Stop ();
}
6. 关闭、释放内存块、声音缓冲区。
cdkogh 2001-11-02
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以下为Delphi版:

unit DSound;

interface

uses
Windows, Ole2i, MMSystem;

const
IID_IDirectSound: TGUID =
(D1:$279AFA83;D2:4981;D3:$11CE;D4:($A5,$21,$00,$20,$AF,$0B,$E5,$60));

IID_IDirectSoundBuffer: TGUID =
(D1:$279AFA85;D2:$4981;D3:$11CE;D4:($A5,$21,$00,$20,$AF,$0B,$E5,$60));

//==========================================================================;
//
// Structures...
//
//==========================================================================;
//struct IDirectSound;
//struct IDirectSoundBuffer;

//typedef struct IDirectSound *LPDIRECTSOUND;
//typedef struct IDirectSoundBuffer *LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER;
//typedef struct IDirectSoundBuffer **LPLPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER;


type
PDSCAPS = ^TDSCAPS;
TDSCAPS = record
dwSize: DWORD;
dwFlags: DWORD;
dwMinSecondarySampleRate: DWORD;
dwMaxSecondarySampleRate: DWORD;
dwPrimaryBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHwMixingAllBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHwMixingStaticBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHwMixingStreamingBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHwMixingAllBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHwMixingStaticBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHwMixingStreamingBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHw3DAllBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHw3DStaticBuffers: DWORD;
dwMaxHw3DStreamingBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHw3DAllBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHw3DStaticBuffers: DWORD;
dwFreeHw3DStreamingBuffers: DWORD;
dwTotalHwMemBytes: DWORD;
dwFreeHwMemBytes: DWORD;
dwMaxContigFreeHwMemBytes: DWORD;
dwUnlockTransferRateHwBuffers: DWORD;
dwPlayCpuOverheadSwBuffers: DWORD;
dwReserved1: DWORD;
dwReserved2: DWORD;
end;// DSCAPS, *LPDSCAPS;

PDSBCAPS = ^TDSBCAPS;
TDSBCAPS = record
dwSize: DWORD;
dwFlags: DWORD;
dwBufferBytes: DWORD;
dwUnlockTransferRate: DWORD;
dwPlayCpuOverhead: DWORD;
end;

PDSBUFFERDESC = ^TDSBufferDesc;
TDSBufferDesc = record
dwSize: DWORD;
dwFlags: DWORD;
dwBufferBytes: DWORD;
dwReserved: DWORD;
lpwfxFormat: PWAVEFORMATEX;
end;

IDirectSound = class;

//
// IDirectSoundBuffer
//
PDirectSoundBuffer = ^IDirectSoundBuffer;
IDirectSoundBuffer = class(IUnknown)
function GetCaps(var DSBCaps: TDSBCAPS ): HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetCurrentPosition(var CurrentPlayCursor,
CurrentWriteCursor: DWORD): HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetFormat(WaveFormat: PWAVEFORMATEX; var SizeAllocated: DWORD;
var SizeWritten:DWORD) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetVolume(var Volume: LONGInt) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetPan(var Pan: LONGInt) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetFrequency(var Frequency: DWORD ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetStatus(var Status: DWORD ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Initialize(DirectSound: IDIRECTSOUND;
var BufferDest: TDSBUFFERDESC ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Lock(WriteCursor: DWORD; WriteBytes: DWORD; AudioPtr1: Pointer;
var AudioBytes1: DWORD; AudioPOInter2: Pointer; var AudioBytes2: DWORD;
dwFlags: DWORD): HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Play(Reserved: DWORD; Reservd: DWORD; Flags: DWORD) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetCurrentPosition(NewPosition: DWORD): HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetFormat(var Format: TWAVEFORMATEX ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetVolume(Volume: LONGInt) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetPan(Pan: LONGInt ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetFrequency(Frequency: DWORD ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Stop: HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Unlock(A: Pointer; B: DWORD; C: Pointer; D: DWORD ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Restore: HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
end;

/////////////////////////////////////////////////
// IDirectSound
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
IDirectSound = class(IUnknown)
function CreateSoundBuffer(//DS: IDirectSound;
BufferDesc: PDSBUFFERDESC;
var DirectSoundBuffer: PDirectSoundBuffer;
UnkOuter: IUnknown) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetCaps(var DSCaps: TDSCAPS): HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function DuplicateSoundBuffer(DirectSoundBuffer: IDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER;
DirectSoundBuffer: IDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetCooperativeLevel(Window: HWND; Level: DWORD ) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Compact: HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function GetSpeakerConfig(var SpeakerConfig: DWORD) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function SetSpeakerConfig(SetSpeakerConfig: DWORD) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
function Initialize(GUID: PGuid) : HResult; virtual; stdcall; abstract;
end;



TLPDSENUMCALLBACKW = function(var GUID: TIID; A, B: PWideChar; C: Pointer): Boolean;
TLPDSENUMCALLBACKA = function(var GUID: TIID; var A, B: string; C: Pointer): Boolean;
TLPDSENUMCALLBACK = function(var GUID: TIID; var A, B: string; C: Pointer): Boolean;

function DirectSoundCreate(GUID: PIID;
var ppDS: IDirectSound;
UnkOuter: IUnknown ): HResult; stdcall;
function DirectSoundEnumerateW(lpCallBack: TLPDSENUMCALLBACKW;
lpContext: Pointer): HResult; stdcall;
function DirectSoundEnumerateA(lpCallBack: TLPDSENUMCALLBACKA;
lpContext: Pointer): HResult; stdcall;
function DirectSoundEnumerate(lpCallBack: TLPDSENUMCALLBACKA;
lpContext: Pointer): HResult; stdcall;

// Return Codes

const
DSErrorMask = $88780000;
// FACDS = $878;
// #define MAKE_DSHRESULT( code; MAKE_HRESULT( 1, _FACDS, code )

DS_OK = 0;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The call failed because resources (such as a priority level)
// were already being used by another caller.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_ALLOCATED = DSErrorMask or 10;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The control (vol,pan,etc.) requested by the caller is not available.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_CONTROLUNAVAIL = DSErrorMask or 30;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// An invalid parameter was passed to the returning function
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_INVALIDPARAM = E_INVALIDARG;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This call is not valid for the current state of this object
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_INVALIDCALL = DSErrorMask or 50;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// An undetermined error occured inside the DSound subsystem
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_GENERIC = E_FAIL;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The caller does not have the priority level required for the function to
// succeed.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_PRIOLEVELNEEDED = DSErrorMask or 70;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The DSound subsystem couldn't allocate sufficient memory to complete the
// caller's request.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_OUTOFMEMORY = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The specified WAVE format is not supported
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_BADFORMAT = DSErrorMask or 100;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The function called is not supported at this time
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_UNSUPPORTED = E_NOTIMPL;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// No sound driver is available for use
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_NODRIVER = DSErrorMask or 120;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This object is already initialized
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_ALREADYINITIALIZED = DSErrorMask or 130;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This object does not support aggregation
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_NOAGGREGATION = CLASS_E_NOAGGREGATION;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The buffer memory has been lost, and must be Restored.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_BUFFERLOST = DSErrorMask or 150;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Another app has a higher priority level, preventing this call from
// succeeding.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
DSERR_OTHERAPPHASPRIO = DSErrorMask or 160;

//==========================================================================;
//
// Flags...
//
//==========================================================================;

DSCAPS_PRIMARYMONO = $00000001;
DSCAPS_PRIMARYSTEREO = $00000002;
DSCAPS_PRIMARY8BIT = $00000004;
DSCAPS_PRIMARY16BIT = $00000008;
DSCAPS_CONTINUOUSRATE = $00000010;
DSCAPS_EMULDRIVER = $00000020;
DSCAPS_CERTIFIED = $00000040;
DSCAPS_SECONDARYMONO = $00000100;
DSCAPS_SECONDARYSTEREO = $00000200;
DSCAPS_SECONDARY8BIT = $00000400;
DSCAPS_SECONDARY16BIT = $00000800;

DSBPLAY_LOOPING = $00000001;


DSBSTATUS_PLAYING = $00000001;
DSBSTATUS_BUFFERLOST = $00000002;
DSBSTATUS_LOOPING = $00000004;

DSBLOCK_FROMWRITECURSOR = $00000001;



DSSCL_NORMAL = 1;
DSSCL_PRIORITY = 2;
DSSCL_EXCLUSIVE = 3;
DSSCL_WRITEPRIMARY = 4;

DSBCAPS_PRIMARYBUFFER = $00000001;
DSBCAPS_STATIC = $00000002;
DSBCAPS_LOCHARDWARE = $00000004;
DSBCAPS_LOCSOFTWARE = $00000008;
DSBCAPS_CTRLFREQUENCY = $00000020;
DSBCAPS_CTRLPAN = $00000040;
DSBCAPS_CTRLVOLUME = $00000080;
DSBCAPS_CTRLDEFAULT = $000000E0; // Pan + volume + frequency.
DSBCAPS_CTRLALL = $000000E0; // All control capabilities

DSSPEAKER_HEADPHONE = 1;
DSSPEAKER_MONO = 2;
DSSPEAKER_QUAD = 3;
DSSPEAKER_STEREO = 4;
DSSPEAKER_SURROUND = 5;

implementation

function DirectSoundCreate; external 'DSOUND' name 'DirectSoundCreate';
function DirectSoundEnumerateW; external 'DSound' name 'DirectSoundEnumerateW';
function DirectSoundEnumerateA; external 'DSound' name 'DirectSoundEnumerateA';
function DirectSoundEnumerate; external 'DSound' name 'DirectSoundEnumerateA';

end.
cdkogh 2001-11-02
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另外，我编了一些DirectDraw,Direct3D,DirectSound等方面的类，很简单但很实用，有兴趣的朋友可向我索取：mrlft@163.net
cdkogh 2001-11-02
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/*==========================================================================;
*
* Copyright (C) 1995,1996 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
*
* File: dsound.h
* Content: DirectSound include file
*
**************************************************************************/

#ifndef __DSOUND_INCLUDED__
#define __DSOUND_INCLUDED__

#include <d3dtypes.h>

#define COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
#include <objbase.h>

#define _FACDS 0x878
#define MAKE_DSHRESULT(code) MAKE_HRESULT(1, _FACDS, code)

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif // __cplusplus

// DirectSound Component GUID {47D4D946-62E8-11cf-93BC-444553540000}
DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_DirectSound, 0x47d4d946, 0x62e8, 0x11cf, 0x93, 0xbc, 0x44, 0x45, 0x53, 0x54, 0x0, 0x0);

// DirectSound Capture Component GUID {B0210780-89CD-11d0-AF08-00A0C925CD16}
DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_DirectSoundCapture, 0xb0210780, 0x89cd, 0x11d0, 0xaf, 0x8, 0x0, 0xa0, 0xc9, 0x25, 0xcd, 0x16);

//
// Structures
//

#ifdef __cplusplus
// 'struct' not 'class' per the way DECLARE_INTERFACE_ is defined
struct IDirectSound;
struct IDirectSoundBuffer;
struct IDirectSound3DListener;
struct IDirectSound3DBuffer;
struct IDirectSoundCapture;
struct IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer;
struct IDirectSoundNotify;
#endif // __cplusplus

typedef struct IDirectSound *LPDIRECTSOUND;
typedef struct IDirectSoundBuffer *LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER;
typedef struct IDirectSound3DListener *LPDIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER;
typedef struct IDirectSound3DBuffer *LPDIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER;
typedef struct IDirectSoundCapture *LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE;
typedef struct IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer *LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER;
typedef struct IDirectSoundNotify *LPDIRECTSOUNDNOTIFY;

typedef struct _DSCAPS
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwMinSecondarySampleRate;
DWORD dwMaxSecondarySampleRate;
DWORD dwPrimaryBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHwMixingAllBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHwMixingStaticBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHwMixingStreamingBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHwMixingAllBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHwMixingStaticBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHwMixingStreamingBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHw3DAllBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHw3DStaticBuffers;
DWORD dwMaxHw3DStreamingBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHw3DAllBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHw3DStaticBuffers;
DWORD dwFreeHw3DStreamingBuffers;
DWORD dwTotalHwMemBytes;
DWORD dwFreeHwMemBytes;
DWORD dwMaxContigFreeHwMemBytes;
DWORD dwUnlockTransferRateHwBuffers;
DWORD dwPlayCpuOverheadSwBuffers;
DWORD dwReserved1;
DWORD dwReserved2;
} DSCAPS, *LPDSCAPS;

typedef const DSCAPS *LPCDSCAPS;

typedef struct _DSBCAPS
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwBufferBytes;
DWORD dwUnlockTransferRate;
DWORD dwPlayCpuOverhead;
} DSBCAPS, *LPDSBCAPS;

typedef const DSBCAPS *LPCDSBCAPS;

typedef struct _DSBUFFERDESC
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwBufferBytes;
DWORD dwReserved;
LPWAVEFORMATEX lpwfxFormat;
} DSBUFFERDESC, *LPDSBUFFERDESC;

typedef const DSBUFFERDESC *LPCDSBUFFERDESC;

typedef struct _DS3DBUFFER
{
DWORD dwSize;
D3DVECTOR vPosition;
D3DVECTOR vVelocity;
DWORD dwInsideConeAngle;
DWORD dwOutsideConeAngle;
D3DVECTOR vConeOrientation;
LONG lConeOutsideVolume;
D3DVALUE flMinDistance;
D3DVALUE flMaxDistance;
DWORD dwMode;
} DS3DBUFFER, *LPDS3DBUFFER;

typedef const DS3DBUFFER *LPCDS3DBUFFER;

typedef struct _DS3DLISTENER
{
DWORD dwSize;
D3DVECTOR vPosition;
D3DVECTOR vVelocity;
D3DVECTOR vOrientFront;
D3DVECTOR vOrientTop;
D3DVALUE flDistanceFactor;
D3DVALUE flRolloffFactor;
D3DVALUE flDopplerFactor;
} DS3DLISTENER, *LPDS3DLISTENER;

typedef const DS3DLISTENER *LPCDS3DLISTENER;

typedef struct _DSCCAPS
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwFormats;
DWORD dwChannels;
} DSCCAPS, *LPDSCCAPS;

typedef const DSCCAPS *LPCDSCCAPS;

typedef struct _DSCBUFFERDESC
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwBufferBytes;
DWORD dwReserved;
LPWAVEFORMATEX lpwfxFormat;
} DSCBUFFERDESC, *LPDSCBUFFERDESC;

typedef const DSCBUFFERDESC *LPCDSCBUFFERDESC;

typedef struct _DSCBCAPS
{
DWORD dwSize;
DWORD dwFlags;
DWORD dwBufferBytes;
DWORD dwReserved;
} DSCBCAPS, *LPDSCBCAPS;

typedef const DSCBCAPS *LPCDSCBCAPS;

typedef struct _DSBPOSITIONNOTIFY
{
DWORD dwOffset;
HANDLE hEventNotify;
} DSBPOSITIONNOTIFY, *LPDSBPOSITIONNOTIFY;

typedef const DSBPOSITIONNOTIFY *LPCDSBPOSITIONNOTIFY;

//
// Compatibility typedefs
//

typedef LPDIRECTSOUND *LPLPDIRECTSOUND;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER *LPLPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER *LPLPDIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER *LPLPDIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE *LPLPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER *LPLPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER;
typedef LPDIRECTSOUNDNOTIFY *LPLPDIRECTSOUNDNOTIFY;
typedef LPVOID *LPLPVOID;
typedef const WAVEFORMATEX *LPCWAVEFORMATEX;

//
// DirectSound API
//

typedef BOOL (CALLBACK *LPDSENUMCALLBACKW)(LPGUID, LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPVOID);
typedef BOOL (CALLBACK *LPDSENUMCALLBACKA)(LPGUID, LPCSTR, LPCSTR, LPVOID);

extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundCreate(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUND *, LPUNKNOWN);
extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundEnumerateW(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID);
extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundEnumerateA(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID);

extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundCaptureCreate(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE *, LPUNKNOWN);
extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID);
extern HRESULT WINAPI DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID);

#ifdef UNICODE
#define LPDSENUMCALLBACK LPDSENUMCALLBACKW
#define DirectSoundEnumerate DirectSoundEnumerateW
#define DirectSoundCaptureEnumerate DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW
#else // UNICODE
#define LPDSENUMCALLBACK LPDSENUMCALLBACKA
#define DirectSoundEnumerate DirectSoundEnumerateA
#define DirectSoundCaptureEnumerate DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA
#endif // UNICODE

//
// IDirectSound
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSound, 0x279AFA83, 0x4981, 0x11CE, 0xA5, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0xAF, 0x0B, 0xE5, 0x60);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSound

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSound, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID FAR *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSound methods
STDMETHOD(CreateSoundBuffer) (THIS_ LPCDSBUFFERDESC, LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER *, LPUNKNOWN) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetCaps) (THIS_ LPDSCAPS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(DuplicateSoundBuffer) (THIS_ LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER, LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER *) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetCooperativeLevel) (THIS_ HWND, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Compact) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetSpeakerConfig) (THIS_ LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetSpeakerConfig) (THIS_ DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Initialize) (THIS_ LPGUID) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSound_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSound_CreateSoundBuffer(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->CreateSoundBuffer(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSound_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCaps(p,a)
#define IDirectSound_DuplicateSoundBuffer(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->DuplicateSoundBuffer(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound_SetCooperativeLevel(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetCooperativeLevel(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound_Compact(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Compact(p)
#define IDirectSound_GetSpeakerConfig(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetSpeakerConfig(p,a)
#define IDirectSound_SetSpeakerConfig(p,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetSpeakerConfig(p,b)
#define IDirectSound_Initialize(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->Initialize(p,a)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSound_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSound_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSound_CreateSoundBuffer(p,a,b,c) (p)->CreateSoundBuffer(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSound_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->GetCaps(a)
#define IDirectSound_DuplicateSoundBuffer(p,a,b) (p)->DuplicateSoundBuffer(a,b)
#define IDirectSound_SetCooperativeLevel(p,a,b) (p)->SetCooperativeLevel(a,b)
#define IDirectSound_Compact(p) (p)->Compact()
#define IDirectSound_GetSpeakerConfig(p,a) (p)->GetSpeakerConfig(a)
#define IDirectSound_SetSpeakerConfig(p,b) (p)->SetSpeakerConfig(b)
#define IDirectSound_Initialize(p,a) (p)->Initialize(a)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSoundBuffer
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSoundBuffer, 0x279AFA85, 0x4981, 0x11CE, 0xA5, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0xAF, 0x0B, 0xE5, 0x60);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSoundBuffer

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSoundBuffer, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID FAR *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSoundBuffer methods
STDMETHOD(GetCaps) (THIS_ LPDSBCAPS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetCurrentPosition) (THIS_ LPDWORD, LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetFormat) (THIS_ LPWAVEFORMATEX, DWORD, LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetVolume) (THIS_ LPLONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetPan) (THIS_ LPLONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetFrequency) (THIS_ LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetStatus) (THIS_ LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Initialize) (THIS_ LPDIRECTSOUND, LPCDSBUFFERDESC) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Lock) (THIS_ DWORD, DWORD, LPVOID *, LPDWORD, LPVOID *, LPDWORD, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Play) (THIS_ DWORD, DWORD, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetCurrentPosition) (THIS_ DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetFormat) (THIS_ LPCWAVEFORMATEX) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetVolume) (THIS_ LONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetPan) (THIS_ LONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetFrequency) (THIS_ DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Stop) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Unlock) (THIS_ LPVOID, DWORD, LPVOID, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Restore) (THIS) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCaps(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetFormat(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->GetFormat(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetVolume(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetVolume(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetPan(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetPan(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetFrequency(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetFrequency(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetStatus(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetStatus(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Initialize(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->Initialize(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->lpVtbl->Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Play(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->Play(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetCurrentPosition(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->SetCurrentPosition(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFormat(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->SetFormat(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetVolume(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->SetVolume(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetPan(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->SetPan(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFrequency(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->SetFrequency(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Stop(p)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->Unlock(p,a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Restore(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Restore(p)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->GetCaps(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b) (p)->GetCurrentPosition(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetFormat(p,a,b,c) (p)->GetFormat(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetVolume(p,a) (p)->GetVolume(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetPan(p,a) (p)->GetPan(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetFrequency(p,a) (p)->GetFrequency(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_GetStatus(p,a) (p)->GetStatus(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Initialize(p,a,b) (p)->Initialize(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->Lock(a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Play(p,a,b,c) (p)->Play(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetCurrentPosition(p,a) (p)->SetCurrentPosition(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFormat(p,a) (p)->SetFormat(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetVolume(p,a) (p)->SetVolume(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetPan(p,a) (p)->SetPan(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFrequency(p,a) (p)->SetFrequency(a)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop(p) (p)->Stop()
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->Unlock(a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSoundBuffer_Restore(p) (p)->Restore()
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSound3DListener
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSound3DListener, 0x279AFA84, 0x4981, 0x11CE, 0xA5, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0xAF, 0x0B, 0xE5, 0x60);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSound3DListener

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSound3DListener, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID FAR *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSound3D methods
STDMETHOD(GetAllParameters) (THIS_ LPDS3DLISTENER) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetDistanceFactor) (THIS_ LPD3DVALUE) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetDopplerFactor) (THIS_ LPD3DVALUE) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetOrientation) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR, LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetPosition) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetRolloffFactor) (THIS_ LPD3DVALUE) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetVelocity) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetAllParameters) (THIS_ LPCDS3DLISTENER, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetDistanceFactor) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetDopplerFactor) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetOrientation) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetPosition) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetRolloffFactor) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetVelocity) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(CommitDeferredSettings) (THIS) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetAllParameters(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetAllParameters(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetDistanceFactor(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetDistanceFactor(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetDopplerFactor(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetDopplerFactor(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetOrientation(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->GetOrientation(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetPosition(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetPosition(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetRolloffFactor(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetRolloffFactor(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetVelocity(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetVelocity(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetAllParameters(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetAllParameters(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetDistanceFactor(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetDistanceFactor(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetDopplerFactor(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetDopplerFactor(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetOrientation(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->lpVtbl->SetOrientation(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetRolloffFactor(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetRolloffFactor(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_CommitDeferredSettings(p) (p)->lpVtbl->CommitDeferredSettings(p)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSound3DListener_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetAllParameters(p,a) (p)->GetAllParameters(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetDistanceFactor(p,a) (p)->GetDistanceFactor(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetDopplerFactor(p,a) (p)->GetDopplerFactor(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetOrientation(p,a,b) (p)->GetOrientation(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetPosition(p,a) (p)->GetPosition(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetRolloffFactor(p,a) (p)->GetRolloffFactor(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_GetVelocity(p,a) (p)->GetVelocity(a)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetAllParameters(p,a,b) (p)->SetAllParameters(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetDistanceFactor(p,a,b) (p)->SetDistanceFactor(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetDopplerFactor(p,a,b) (p)->SetDopplerFactor(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetOrientation(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->SetOrientation(a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->SetPosition(a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetRolloffFactor(p,a,b) (p)->SetRolloffFactor(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->SetVelocity(a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DListener_CommitDeferredSettings(p) (p)->CommitDeferredSettings()
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSound3DBuffer
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSound3DBuffer, 0x279AFA86, 0x4981, 0x11CE, 0xA5, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0xAF, 0x0B, 0xE5, 0x60);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSound3DBuffer

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSound3DBuffer, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSoundBuffer3D methods
STDMETHOD(GetAllParameters) (THIS_ LPDS3DBUFFER) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetConeAngles) (THIS_ LPDWORD, LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetConeOrientation) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetConeOutsideVolume) (THIS_ LPLONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetMaxDistance) (THIS_ LPD3DVALUE) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetMinDistance) (THIS_ LPD3DVALUE) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetMode) (THIS_ LPDWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetPosition) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetVelocity) (THIS_ LPD3DVECTOR) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetAllParameters) (THIS_ LPCDS3DBUFFER, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetConeAngles) (THIS_ DWORD, DWORD, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetConeOrientation) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetConeOutsideVolume) (THIS_ LONG, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetMaxDistance) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetMinDistance) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetMode) (THIS_ DWORD, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetPosition) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(SetVelocity) (THIS_ D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, D3DVALUE, DWORD) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetAllParameters(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetAllParameters(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeAngles(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->GetConeAngles(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeOrientation(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetConeOrientation(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeOutsideVolume(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetConeOutsideVolume(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetPosition(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetPosition(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMinDistance(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetMinDistance(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMaxDistance(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetMaxDistance(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMode(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetMode(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetVelocity(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetVelocity(p,a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetAllParameters(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetAllParameters(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeAngles(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->SetConeAngles(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeOrientation(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->SetConeOrientation(p,a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeOutsideVolume(p,a,b)(p)->lpVtbl->SetConeOutsideVolume(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMinDistance(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetMinDistance(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMaxDistance(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetMaxDistance(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMode(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetMode(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetAllParameters(p,a) (p)->GetAllParameters(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeAngles(p,a,b) (p)->GetConeAngles(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeOrientation(p,a) (p)->GetConeOrientation(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetConeOutsideVolume(p,a) (p)->GetConeOutsideVolume(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetPosition(p,a) (p)->GetPosition(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMinDistance(p,a) (p)->GetMinDistance(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMaxDistance(p,a) (p)->GetMaxDistance(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetMode(p,a) (p)->GetMode(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_GetVelocity(p,a) (p)->GetVelocity(a)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetAllParameters(p,a,b) (p)->SetAllParameters(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeAngles(p,a,b,c) (p)->SetConeAngles(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeOrientation(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->SetConeOrientation(a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetConeOutsideVolume(p,a,b)(p)->SetConeOutsideVolume(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetPosition(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->SetPosition(a,b,c,d)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMinDistance(p,a,b) (p)->SetMinDistance(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMaxDistance(p,a,b) (p)->SetMaxDistance(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetMode(p,a,b) (p)->SetMode(a,b)
#define IDirectSound3DBuffer_SetVelocity(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->SetVelocity(a,b,c,d)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSoundCapture
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSoundCapture, 0xb0210781, 0x89cd, 0x11d0, 0xaf, 0x8, 0x0, 0xa0, 0xc9, 0x25, 0xcd, 0x16);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSoundCapture

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSoundCapture, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSoundCapture methods
STDMETHOD(CreateCaptureBuffer) (THIS_ LPCDSCBUFFERDESC, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER *, LPUNKNOWN) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetCaps) (THIS_ LPDSCCAPS ) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Initialize) (THIS_ LPGUID) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_CreateCaptureBuffer(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->CreateCaptureBuffer(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCaps(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_Initialize(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->Initialize(p,a)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSoundCapture_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSoundCapture_CreateCaptureBuffer(p,a,b,c) (p)->CreateCaptureBuffer(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->GetCaps(a)
#define IDirectSoundCapture_Initialize(p,a) (p)->Initialize(a)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer, 0xb0210782, 0x89cd, 0x11d0, 0xaf, 0x8, 0x0, 0xa0, 0xc9, 0x25, 0xcd, 0x16);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer methods
STDMETHOD(GetCaps) (THIS_ LPDSCBCAPS ) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetCurrentPosition) (THIS_ LPDWORD, LPDWORD ) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetFormat) (THIS_ LPWAVEFORMATEX, DWORD, LPDWORD ) PURE;
STDMETHOD(GetStatus) (THIS_ LPDWORD ) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Initialize) (THIS_ LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE, LPCDSCBUFFERDESC) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Lock) (THIS_ DWORD, DWORD, LPVOID *, LPDWORD, LPVOID *, LPDWORD, DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Start) (THIS_ DWORD) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Stop) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Unlock) (THIS_ LPVOID, DWORD, LPVOID, DWORD) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCaps(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetFormat(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->GetFormat(p,a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetStatus(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->GetStatus(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Initialize(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->Initialize(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->lpVtbl->Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Start(p,a) (p)->lpVtbl->Start(p,a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Stop(p)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Unlock(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->lpVtbl->Unlock(p,a,b,c,d)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCaps(p,a) (p)->GetCaps(a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCurrentPosition(p,a,b) (p)->GetCurrentPosition(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetFormat(p,a,b,c) (p)->GetFormat(a,b,c)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetStatus(p,a) (p)->GetStatus(a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Initialize(p,a,b) (p)->Initialize(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Lock(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->Lock(a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Start(p,a) (p)->Start(a)
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop(p) (p)->Stop()
#define IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Unlock(p,a,b,c,d) (p)->Unlock(a,b,c,d)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IDirectSoundNotify
//

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IDirectSoundNotify, 0xb0210783, 0x89cd, 0x11d0, 0xaf, 0x8, 0x0, 0xa0, 0xc9, 0x25, 0xcd, 0x16);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IDirectSoundNotify

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IDirectSoundNotify, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IDirectSoundNotify methods
STDMETHOD(SetNotificationPositions) (THIS_ DWORD, LPCDSBPOSITIONNOTIFY) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_SetNotificationPositions(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->SetNotificationPositions(p,a,b)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IDirectSoundNotify_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IDirectSoundNotify_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IDirectSoundNotify_SetNotificationPositions(p,a,b) (p)->SetNotificationPositions(a,b)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

//
// IKsPropertySet
//

#ifndef _IKsPropertySet_
#define _IKsPropertySet_

#ifdef __cplusplus
// 'struct' not 'class' per the way DECLARE_INTERFACE_ is defined
struct IKsPropertySet;
#endif // __cplusplus

typedef struct IKsPropertySet *LPKSPROPERTYSET;

#define KSPROPERTY_SUPPORT_GET 0x00000001
#define KSPROPERTY_SUPPORT_SET 0x00000002

DEFINE_GUID(IID_IKsPropertySet, 0x31efac30, 0x515c, 0x11d0, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x61, 0xbe, 0x93);

#undef INTERFACE
#define INTERFACE IKsPropertySet

DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPropertySet, IUnknown)
{
// IUnknown methods
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID, LPVOID *) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;

// IKsPropertySet methods
STDMETHOD(Get) (THIS_ REFGUID, ULONG, LPVOID, ULONG, LPVOID, ULONG, PULONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(Set) (THIS_ REFGUID, ULONG, LPVOID, ULONG, LPVOID, ULONG) PURE;
STDMETHOD(QuerySupport) (THIS_ REFGUID, ULONG, PULONG) PURE;
};

#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IKsPropertySet_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(p,a,b)
#define IKsPropertySet_AddRef(p) (p)->lpVtbl->AddRef(p)
#define IKsPropertySet_Release(p) (p)->lpVtbl->Release(p)
#define IKsPropertySet_Get(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->lpVtbl->Get(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IKsPropertySet_Set(p,a,b,c,d,e,f) (p)->lpVtbl->Set(p,a,b,c,d,e,f)
#define IKsPropertySet_QuerySupport(p,a,b,c) (p)->lpVtbl->QuerySupport(p,a,b,c)
#else // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)
#define IKsPropertySet_QueryInterface(p,a,b) (p)->QueryInterface(a,b)
#define IKsPropertySet_AddRef(p) (p)->AddRef()
#define IKsPropertySet_Release(p) (p)->Release()
#define IKsPropertySet_Get(p,a,b,c,d,e,f,g) (p)->Get(a,b,c,d,e,f,g)
#define IKsPropertySet_Set(p,a,b,c,d,e,f) (p)->Set(a,b,c,d,e,f)
#define IKsPropertySet_QuerySupport(p,a,b,c) (p)->QuerySupport(a,b,c)
#endif // !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(CINTERFACE)

#endif // _IKsPropertySet_

//
// Return Codes
//

#define DS_OK 0

// The call failed because resources (such as a priority level)
// were already being used by another caller.
#define DSERR_ALLOCATED MAKE_DSHRESULT(10)

// The control (vol,pan,etc.) requested by the caller is not available.
#define DSERR_CONTROLUNAVAIL MAKE_DSHRESULT(30)

// An invalid parameter was passed to the returning function
#define DSERR_INVALIDPARAM E_INVALIDARG

// This call is not valid for the current state of this object
#define DSERR_INVALIDCALL MAKE_DSHRESULT(50)

// An undetermined error occured inside the DirectSound subsystem
#define DSERR_GENERIC E_FAIL

// The caller does not have the priority level required for the function to
// succeed.
#define DSERR_PRIOLEVELNEEDED MAKE_DSHRESULT(70)

// Not enough free memory is available to complete the operation
#define DSERR_OUTOFMEMORY E_OUTOFMEMORY

// The specified WAVE format is not supported
#define DSERR_BADFORMAT MAKE_DSHRESULT(100)

// The function called is not supported at this time
#define DSERR_UNSUPPORTED E_NOTIMPL

// No sound driver is available for use
#define DSERR_NODRIVER MAKE_DSHRESULT(120)

// This object is already initialized
#define DSERR_ALREADYINITIALIZED MAKE_DSHRESULT(130)

// This object does not support aggregation
#define DSERR_NOAGGREGATION CLASS_E_NOAGGREGATION

// The buffer memory has been lost, and must be restored.
#define DSERR_BUFFERLOST MAKE_DSHRESULT(150)

// Another app has a higher priority level, preventing this call from
// succeeding.
#define DSERR_OTHERAPPHASPRIO MAKE_DSHRESULT(160)

// This object has not been initialized
#define DSERR_UNINITIALIZED MAKE_DSHRESULT(170)

// The requested COM interface is not available
#define DSERR_NOINTERFACE E_NOINTERFACE

//
// Flags
//

#define DSCAPS_PRIMARYMONO 0x00000001
#define DSCAPS_PRIMARYSTEREO 0x00000002
#define DSCAPS_PRIMARY8BIT 0x00000004
#define DSCAPS_PRIMARY16BIT 0x00000008
#define DSCAPS_CONTINUOUSRATE 0x00000010
#define DSCAPS_EMULDRIVER 0x00000020
#define DSCAPS_CERTIFIED 0x00000040
#define DSCAPS_SECONDARYMONO 0x00000100
#define DSCAPS_SECONDARYSTEREO 0x00000200
#define DSCAPS_SECONDARY8BIT 0x00000400
#define DSCAPS_SECONDARY16BIT 0x00000800

#define DSBPLAY_LOOPING 0x00000001

#define DSBSTATUS_PLAYING 0x00000001
#define DSBSTATUS_BUFFERLOST 0x00000002
#define DSBSTATUS_LOOPING 0x00000004

#define DSBLOCK_FROMWRITECURSOR 0x00000001
#define DSBLOCK_ENTIREBUFFER 0x00000002

#define DSSCL_NORMAL 0x00000001
#define DSSCL_PRIORITY 0x00000002
#define DSSCL_EXCLUSIVE 0x00000003
#define DSSCL_WRITEPRIMARY 0x00000004

#define DS3DMODE_NORMAL 0x00000000
#define DS3DMODE_HEADRELATIVE 0x00000001
#define DS3DMODE_DISABLE 0x00000002

#define DSBCAPS_PRIMARYBUFFER 0x00000001
#define DSBCAPS_STATIC 0x00000002
#define DSBCAPS_LOCHARDWARE 0x00000004
#define DSBCAPS_LOCSOFTWARE 0x00000008
#define DSBCAPS_CTRL3D 0x00000010
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLFREQUENCY 0x00000020
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLPAN 0x00000040
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLVOLUME 0x00000080
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLPOSITIONNOTIFY 0x00000100
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLDEFAULT 0x000000E0
#define DSBCAPS_CTRLALL 0x000001F0
#define DSBCAPS_STICKYFOCUS 0x00004000
#define DSBCAPS_GLOBALFOCUS 0x00008000
#define DSBCAPS_GETCURRENTPOSITION2 0x00010000
#define DSBCAPS_MUTE3DATMAXDISTANCE 0x00020000

#define DSCBCAPS_WAVEMAPPED 0x80000000

#define DSSPEAKER_HEADPHONE 0x00000001
#define DSSPEAKER_MONO 0x00000002
#define DSSPEAKER_QUAD 0x00000003
#define DSSPEAKER_STEREO 0x00000004
#define DSSPEAKER_SURROUND 0x00000005

#define DSSPEAKER_GEOMETRY_MIN 0x00000005 // 5 degrees
#define DSSPEAKER_GEOMETRY_NARROW 0x0000000A // 10 degrees
#define DSSPEAKER_GEOMETRY_WIDE 0x00000014 // 20 degrees
#define DSSPEAKER_GEOMETRY_MAX 0x000000B4 // 180 degrees

#define DSSPEAKER_COMBINED(c, g) ((DWORD)(((BYTE)(c)) | ((DWORD)((BYTE)(g))) << 16))
#define DSSPEAKER_CONFIG(a) ((BYTE)(a))
#define DSSPEAKER_GEOMETRY(a) ((BYTE)(((DWORD)(a) >> 16) & 0x00FF))

#define DSBFREQUENCY_MIN 100
#define DSBFREQUENCY_MAX 100000
#define DSBFREQUENCY_ORIGINAL 0

#define DSBPAN_LEFT -10000
#define DSBPAN_CENTER 0
#define DSBPAN_RIGHT 10000

#define DSBVOLUME_MIN -10000
#define DSBVOLUME_MAX 0

#define DSBSIZE_MIN 4
#define DSBSIZE_MAX 0x0FFFFFFF

#define DS3D_IMMEDIATE 0x00000000
#define DS3D_DEFERRED 0x00000001

#define DS3D_MINDISTANCEFACTOR FLT_MIN
#define DS3D_MAXDISTANCEFACTOR FLT_MAX
#define DS3D_DEFAULTDISTANCEFACTOR 1.0f

#define DS3D_MINROLLOFFFACTOR 0.0f
#define DS3D_MAXROLLOFFFACTOR 10.0f
#define DS3D_DEFAULTROLLOFFFACTOR 1.0f

#define DS3D_MINDOPPLERFACTOR 0.0f
#define DS3D_MAXDOPPLERFACTOR 10.0f
#define DS3D_DEFAULTDOPPLERFACTOR 1.0f

#define DS3D_DEFAULTMINDISTANCE 1.0f
#define DS3D_DEFAULTMAXDISTANCE 1000000000.0f

#define DS3D_MINCONEANGLE 0
#define DS3D_MAXCONEANGLE 360
#define DS3D_DEFAULTCONEANGLE 360

#define DS3D_DEFAULTCONEOUTSIDEVOLUME DSBVOLUME_MAX

#define DSCCAPS_EMULDRIVER 0x00000020

#define DSCBLOCK_ENTIREBUFFER 0x00000001

#define DSCBSTATUS_CAPTURING 0x00000001
#define DSCBSTATUS_LOOPING 0x00000002

#define DSCBSTART_LOOPING 0x00000001

#define DSBPN_OFFSETSTOP 0xFFFFFFFF

#ifdef __cplusplus
};
#endif // __cplusplus

#endif // __DSOUND_INCLUDED__
数字蛋糕 2001-11-02
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不会吧, 怎么好像我提的问题都这么难?
我up!!!!!
数字蛋糕 2001-10-28
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补充一下，Delphi或者C的都可以。
[14本经典Android开发教程]-3-Android SDK 中文开发文档
[14本经典Android开发教程]-3-Android SDK 中文开发文档 什么是 Android? Android 是一个专门针对移动设备的软件集，它包括一个操作系统，中间件和一些重要的应用程序。Beta版的 Android SDK 提供了在Android 平台上使用JaVa语言进行Android应用开发必须的工具和API接口。 特性 · 应用程序框架 支持组件的重用与替换 · Dalvik 虚拟机 专为移动设备优化 · 集成的浏览器 基于开源的WebKit 引擎 · 优化的图形库 包括定制的2D图形库，3D图形库基于OpenGL ES 1.0 （硬件加速可选） · SQLite 用作结构化的数据存储 · 多媒体支持 包括常见的音频、视频和静态图像格式 （如 MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF） · GSM 电话技术 （依赖于硬件） · 蓝牙Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, 和 WiFi （依赖于硬件） · 照相机，GPS，指南针，和加速度计（accelerometer） （依赖于硬件） · 丰富的开发环境 包括设备模拟器，调试工具，内存及性能分析图表，和Eclipse集成开发环境插件 Android 架构 下图显示的是Android操作系统的主要组件。每一部分将会在下面具体描述。 已上传2本： [14本经典Android开发教程]-1-Android开发从入门到精通http://download.csdn.net/detail/cleopard/8355245 [14本经典Android开发教程]-2-Android开发手册—API函数详解 http://download.csdn.net/detail/cleopard/8374487 剩余11本稍后上传！@或直接从这里寻找@ http://download.csdn.net/user/cleopard/album @更多@ http://cleopard.download.csdn.net/ 福利 http://xuemeilaile.com 17份软件测试文档 http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/1425 13份WPF经典开发教程 http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/1115 C#资料合辑二[C#桌面编程入门篇] http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/957 C#资料合辑一[C#入门篇] http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/669 [Csharp高级编程(第6版)](共8压缩卷) http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/667 10个[精品资源]Java学习资料合辑[一] http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/663 10个C#Socket编程代码示例 http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/631 6份GDI+程序设计资源整合[全零分] http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/625 2014年移动游戏行业数据分析 http://download.csdn.net/detail/cleopard/8340331 一文读懂2014年全球互联网广告新生态 http://download.csdn.net/detail/cleopard/8340303
对视频声音,音频进行音量标准化和响度均化，归一化的标准，原理以及具体操作
为什么要做音频(音量)标准化( Audio normalization)？ 当我们在网上寻找音频时，由于制作标准等其他方面影响，会发现下载到的音频声音有的大有的小，比如音乐，这就会导致我们在听的时候需要根据不同的文件调整不同的音量大小，要不然可能在切换到下一首时音量能直接把你震晕 或者查找我们在网上寻找音频素材，在使用时素材声音忽大忽小会严重影响成品质量。 因此需要对视频中的音频进行标准化，避免声音忽大忽小。 Audio normalization 是什么？ 目前音频标准化主要分为两种做法Peak (lev
音频文件压缩大小如何操作？分享一个音频压缩的小技巧
部分小伙伴的由于工作原因，可能会制作PPT或网页作品，那么在制作的过程中，往往需要插入背景音乐，来帮助自己的作品更上一层楼。但是音频文件体积过大的话，可能会影响到PPT或是网页的加载速度，所以在音频添加前，就需要对其进行压缩操作。 很多人还没有接触过这一领域，不知道音频该如何压缩，其实并不难，下面让我来教大家具体如何操作。...
Web 音视频（四）在浏览器中处理音频
为什么单独介绍音频处理?网络上缺乏音频处理的资料，绝大多数示例都是针对视频而略过音频，很多人在网上寻找音频处理的示例对前端开发者来说，音频处理相对视频略微复杂一些所以，本文专门针对音频数据，汇总讲解采集-处理-编码-封装全过程，帮助初学者入门。​上图是在 Web 中从采集音频到封装文件的大致流程。你可以跳过原理介绍，直接查看文末 WebAV 编码封装音频示例。
【人工智能处理音频所常用的硬件组件和库函数】
另外，如果您在寻找更专业的音频处理库或框架，并且不局限于MicroPython环境，那么您可以考虑使用如JuiceFX、PortAudio、libsoxr等更成熟的音频处理库，但这些库通常需要更强大的处理器和操作系统支持，并且可能不适合直接在ESP32S3上运行。请注意，由于MicroPython和ESP32S3的资源和限制，可用的库函数可能不如全功能的Python环境丰富。由于MicroPython的标准库中没有专门的音频处理库，您可能需要寻找或自行开发适合ESP32S3的音频处理扩展库。
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