模板类出现undefined reference to错误

2010-04-19 12:01:31 1.7k 阅读 AI 写同款 · GEO 优化AI 选题数据监测一键分发 ›

C++模板定义和实现分离导致的编译错误今天在实现一个二叉树的时候，用到了模板，没在意，和平时一样写了两个文件：BinaryTree.h，BinaryTree.cpp。思路和平时一样，h文件中定义了模板类，然后在cpp文件中实现了一些功能函数。然后在test.cpp中测试，遇到了一些问题、问题出现如下：使用g++直接编译的时候提示，基本上都是undefined reference to错误： test_binarytree.cpp:(. 阅读详情



linearlist.cpp



#include "linearlist.h"

template <class T>

LinearList<T>::LinearList(int nMaxSize)

{

   nMaxListSize = nMaxSize;

   length = 0;

   element = new T[nMaxSize];

}

template <class T>

LinearList<T>::~LinearList()

{

  delete []element;

}

template <class T>

bool LinearList<T>::IsEmpty()const

{

  return length==0;

}

template <class T>

int LinearList<T>::GetLength()const

{

  return length;

}

template <class T>

bool LinearList<T>::Find(int k,T& x)const

{

  if(k<1||k>length)

   return false;

  x = element[k-1];

  return true;

}

template <class T>

int LinearList<T>::Search(const T& x)const

{

  for(int i=0;i<length;i++)

  {

     if(element[i]==x)

        return ++i;

  }

  return 0;

}

template <class T>

bool LinearList<T>::Delete(int k,T &x)

{

  if(Find(k,x))

  {

    for(int i=k;i<length;i++)

    {

      element[i-1]=element[i];

    }

    length--;

    return true;

  }

  return false;

}

template <class T>

bool LinearList<T>::Insert(int k,const T &x)

{

  if(k<0||k>length)

       return false;

  if(length == nMaxListSize)

       return false;

  for(int i=length-1;i>=k;i--)

  {

    element[i+1] = element[i];

  }

  element[k] = x;

  length++;

  return true;

}

template <class T>

void LinearList<T>::OutPut(ostream &out) const

{

  for(int i=0;i<length;i++)

    cout<<element[i]<<" ";

}

template <class T>

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,const LinearList<T> &x)

{

  x.OutPut(out);

 return out;

}



linearlist.h



#ifndef LINEARLIST_H

#define LINEARLIST_H

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;



template <class T> class LinearList;

template <class T>

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,const LinearList<T> &x);



template <class T>

class LinearList

{

   public:

       LinearList(int nMaxSize=10);

       ~LinearList();

   public:

       bool IsEmpty()const;

       int  GetLength()const;

       bool Find(int k,T& x)const;

       int  Search(const T& x)const;

       bool Delete(int k,T& x);

       bool Insert(int k,const T& x);

       void OutPut(ostream &out)const;

   private:

      int length;

      int nMaxListSize;

      T   *element;

};

#endif



main.cpp



#include "linearlist.h"

int main(void)

{

   LinearList<int> list(5);

   list.Insert(0,1);

   list.Insert(1,2);

   cout<<endl;

   cout<<list<<endl;

   return 0;

}



makefile



TARGET=list

OBJECT=main.o linearlist.o 

all:$(TARGET)

$(TARGET):$(OBJECT)

	g++ -o $(TARGET) $(OBJECT)

linearlist.o:linearlist.cpp linearlist.h

	g++ -c linearlist.cpp

main.o:main.cpp linearlist.h

	g++ -c main.cpp

.PHONY:clean

clean:

	rm -f $(TARGET) $(OBJECT)



错误

main.cpp:(.text+0x1b): undefined reference to `LinearList<int>::LinearList(int)'

main.cpp:(.text+0x3f): undefined reference to `LinearList<int>::Insert(int, int const&)'

main.cpp:(.text+0x63): undefined reference to `LinearList<int>::Insert(int, int const&)'

main.cpp:(.text+0x8b): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& operator<< <int>(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, LinearList<int> const&)'

main.cpp:(.text+0xac): undefined reference to `LinearList<int>::~LinearList()'

main.cpp:(.text+0xc7): undefined reference to `LinearList<int>::~LinearList()'

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status



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