Spring错误：Could not resolve placeholder 'jdbc.driver'

zhangsc 2010-07-27 11:56:00

使用spring-framework-3.0.3，配置文件如下:
applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [

<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/portlet/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">

]>

<beans>

   <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

      <property name="locations">

         <value>/WEB-INF/config/jdbc.properties</value>

      </property>

   </bean>

   <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">

      <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>

      <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>

      <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>

      <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

   </bean>

</beans>

jdbc.properties文件在/WEB-INF/config目录下

jdbc.driver=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl

jdbc.user=scott

jdbc.password=tiger

当启动tomcat时，产生如下错误

严重: Context initialization failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean definition with name 'dataSource' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml]: Could not resolve placeholder 'jdbc.driver'

        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigure

r.processProperties(PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.java:272)

        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyResourceConfigurer.p

ostProcessBeanFactory(PropertyResourceConfigurer.java:75)

        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invoke

BeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:663)

        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invoke

BeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:638)

        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refres

h(AbstractApplicationContext.java:407)

        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationCon

text(ContextLoader.java:276)

        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationConte

xt(ContextLoader.java:197)

        at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitiali

zed(ContextLoaderListener.java:47)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContex

t.java:4323)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContex

t.java:4771)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:138)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase

.java:785)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:76

3)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:558)



        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.jav

a:1124)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.j

ava:1047)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:542

)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1390)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java

:355)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(Lifecycl

eSupport.java:119)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBa

se.java:89)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setState(LifecycleBase.java:31

2)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setState(LifecycleBase.java:29

2)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.ja

va:998)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java

:772)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:138)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.ja

va:990)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.

java:275)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:138)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardServic

e.java:424)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:138)

        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.

java:648)

        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:138)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:576)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.

java:39)

        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces

sorImpl.java:25)

        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:415)

2010-7-27 11:18:35 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal