关于IP的问题

[sghcpt]

我想修改本地的IP地址，主要是读注册表信息，在注册表的Interfaces键哪里列出了网卡的信息，我的程序主要是读这些信息后比较的。我的电脑安装了两张网卡，在Interfaces下，有一个键{AC5D7DCE-FC74-422A-A3E0-8B46F67FD048}值和一个{D67AB0F7-1EG3-4073-ADF5-9923FEDB7632}，最后一个是正常描述一张网卡信息的，它里面的信息有IP地址，如192.168.26.3。前面的键，不知道怎么会出现的，它只是描述了一些信息，但它也有192.168.26.3和子网的值，但相比较后面的键{D67AB0F7-1EG3-4073-ADF5-9923FEDB7632}描述的信息少了很多。现在我的问题是，因为我的程序是传进一个IP地址，然后跟Interfaces键下的值比较，主要是比较IP地址，因为{AC5D7DCE-FC74-422A-A3E0-8B46F67FD048}比{D67AB0F7-1EG3-4073-ADF5-9923FEDB7632}，先比较，所以程序返回的是{AC5D7DCE-FC74-422A-A3E0-8B46F67FD048}的信息，但实际的网卡的信息应该是{D67AB0F7-1EG3-4073-ADF5-9923FEDB7632}下的信息，我想请问，在Interfaces下的这些键信息，那些描述网卡的信息是固定的，也就是我应该拿什么去判断，才可以找到我想要的网卡信息，如{D67AB0F7-1EG3-4073-ADF5-9923FEDB7632}。

[oyljerry]

那就查看一下两个Interface之间注册表键值有一些什么其他的区别，然后提取出来作为判断条件

[sunshine716]

帮顶

[qiri07]

两张网卡，可以根据网卡的MAC地址区分，因为是唯一的

[sghcpt]

请问qiri07
在注册表Interfaces键下的子键中，那个是表示mac地址的？

[Eleven]

GetAdaptersAddresses()
The GetAdaptersAddresses function retrieves the addresses associated with the adapters on the local computer.

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define MALLOC(x) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, (x))
#define FREE(x) HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, (x))
/* Note: could also use malloc() and free() */

int __cdecl main(int argc, char **argv)
{

    /* Declare and initialize variables */

    DWORD dwSize = 0;
    DWORD dwRetVal = 0;

    int i = 0;

    // Set the flags to pass to GetAdaptersAddresses
    ULONG flags = GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_PREFIX;

    // default to unspecified address family (both)
    ULONG family = AF_UNSPEC;

    LPVOID lpMsgBuf = NULL;

    PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pAddresses = NULL;
    ULONG outBufLen = 0;

    PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pCurrAddresses = NULL;
    PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS pUnicast = NULL;
    PIP_ADAPTER_ANYCAST_ADDRESS pAnycast = NULL;
    PIP_ADAPTER_MULTICAST_ADDRESS pMulticast = NULL;
    IP_ADAPTER_DNS_SERVER_ADDRESS *pDnServer = NULL;
    IP_ADAPTER_PREFIX *pPrefix = NULL;

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf(" Usage: getadapteraddresses family\n");
        printf("        getadapteraddresses 4 (for IPv4)\n");
        printf("        getadapteraddresses 6 (for IPv6)\n");
        printf("        getadapteraddresses A (for both IPv4 and IPv6)\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if (atoi(argv[1]) == 4)
        family = AF_INET;
    else if (atoi(argv[1]) == 6)
        family = AF_INET6;

    outBufLen = sizeof (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES);
    pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES *) MALLOC(outBufLen);

    // Make an initial call to GetAdaptersAddresses to get the 
    // size needed into the outBufLen variable
    if (GetAdaptersAddresses(family, flags, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen)
        == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {
        FREE(pAddresses);
        pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES *) MALLOC(outBufLen);
    }

    if (pAddresses == NULL) {
        printf("Memory allocation failed for IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES struct\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    // Make a second call to GetAdapters Addresses to get the
    // actual data we want
    printf("Memory allocated for GetAdapterAddresses = %d bytes\n", outBufLen);
    printf("Calling GetAdaptersAddresses function with family = ");
    if (family == AF_INET)
        printf("AF_INET\n");
    if (family == AF_INET6)
        printf("AF_INET6\n");
    if (family == AF_UNSPEC)
        printf("AF_UNSPEC\n\n");

    dwRetVal =
        GetAdaptersAddresses(family, flags, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen);

    if (dwRetVal == NO_ERROR) {
        // If successful, output some information from the data we received
        pCurrAddresses = pAddresses;
        while (pCurrAddresses) {
            printf("\tLength of the IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESS struct: %ld\n",
                   pCurrAddresses->Length);
            printf("\tIfIndex (IPv4 interface): %u\n", pCurrAddresses->IfIndex);
            printf("\tAdapter name: %s\n", pCurrAddresses->AdapterName);

            pUnicast = pCurrAddresses->FirstUnicastAddress;
            if (pUnicast != NULL) {
                for (i = 0; pUnicast != NULL; i++)
                    pUnicast = pUnicast->Next;
                printf("\tNumber of Unicast Addresses: %d\n", i);
            } else
                printf("\tNo Unicast Addresses\n");

            pAnycast = pCurrAddresses->FirstAnycastAddress;
            if (pAnycast) {
                for (i = 0; pUnicast != NULL; i++)
                    pAnycast = pAnycast->Next;
                printf("\tNumber of Anycast Addresses: %d\n", i);
            } else
                printf("\tNo Anycast Addresses\n");

            pMulticast = pCurrAddresses->FirstMulticastAddress;
            if (pMulticast) {
                for (i = 0; pMulticast != NULL; i++)
                    pMulticast = pMulticast->Next;
                printf("\tNumber of Multicast Addresses: %d\n", i);
            } else
                printf("\tNo Multicast Addresses\n");

            pDnServer = pCurrAddresses->FirstDnsServerAddress;
            if (pDnServer) {
                for (i = 0; pDnServer != NULL; i++)
                    pDnServer = pDnServer->Next;
                printf("\tNumber of DNS Server Addresses: %d\n", i);
            } else
                printf("\tNo DNS Server Addresses\n");

            printf("\tDNS Suffix: %wS\n", pCurrAddresses->DnsSuffix);
            printf("\tDescription: %wS\n", pCurrAddresses->Description);
            printf("\tFriendly name: %wS\n", pCurrAddresses->FriendlyName);

            if (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength != 0) {
                printf("\tPhysical address: ");
                for (i = 0; i < (int) pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength;
                     i++) {
                    if (i == (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength - 1))
                        printf("%.2X\n",
                               (int) pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[i]);
                    else
                        printf("%.2X-",
                               (int) pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[i]);
                }
            }
            printf("\tFlags: %ld\n", pCurrAddresses->Flags);
            printf("\tMtu: %lu\n", pCurrAddresses->Mtu);
            printf("\tIfType: %ld\n", pCurrAddresses->IfType);
            printf("\tOperStatus: %ld\n", pCurrAddresses->OperStatus);
            printf("\tIpv6IfIndex (IPv6 interface): %u\n",
                   pCurrAddresses->Ipv6IfIndex);
            printf("\tZoneIndices (hex): ");
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                printf("%lx ", pCurrAddresses->ZoneIndices[i]);
            printf("\n");

            pPrefix = pCurrAddresses->FirstPrefix;
            if (pPrefix) {
                for (i = 0; pPrefix != NULL; i++)
                    pPrefix = pPrefix->Next;
                printf("\tNumber of IP Adapter Prefix entries: %d\n", i);
            } else
                printf("\tNo IP Adapter Prefix entries\n");

            printf("\n");

            pCurrAddresses = pCurrAddresses->Next;
        }
    } else {
        printf("Call to GetAdaptersAddresses failed with error: %d\n",
               dwRetVal);
        if (dwRetVal == ERROR_NO_DATA)
            printf("\tNo addresses were found for the requested parameters\n");
        else {

            if (FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, dwRetVal, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),   // Default language
                              (LPTSTR) & lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL)) {
                printf("\tError: %s", lpMsgBuf);
                LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
                FREE(pAddresses);
                exit(1);
            }
        }
    }
    FREE(pAddresses);
    return 0;
}

[sghcpt]

To VisualEleven
请问，你上面的代码是得到IP的信息，但我现在是在程序传进一个IP地址，然后比较Interfaces哪里，那个符合，然后得到Ip的信息或者设置别的IP，我出现上面的问题，请问，应该怎么判断才对了？

[qiri07]

一般MAC地址在网卡中是固定的，当然也有网络高手会想办法去修改自己的MAC地址。
修改自己的MAC地址有两种方法，一种是硬件修改，另外一种是软件修改。硬件的方法就是直接对
网卡进行操作，修改保存在网卡的EPROM里面的MAC地址，通过网卡生产厂家提供的修改程序可以
更改存储器里的地址。那么什么叫做EPROM呢？EPROM是电子学中一种存储器的专业术语，
它是可擦写的，也就是说一张白纸你用钢笔写了一遍以后就不能再用橡皮擦去了，而EPROM这张
白纸用铅笔写后可以再擦去，可以反复改变其中数据的存储器。当然软件修改的方法就相对来说
要简单得多了，在Windows中，网卡的MAC保存在注册表中，实际使用也是从注册表中提取的，
所以只要修改注册表就可以改变MAC。Windows 9x中修改：打开注册表编辑器，在
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSetService\Class\Net\下的0000，0001，0002。

Windows 2000/XP中的修改：同样打开注册表编辑器，
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\
4D36E970-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318 中的0000，0001，0002中的DriverDesc，
如果在0000找到，就在0000下面添加字符串变量，命名为“NetworkAddress”，
值为要设置的MAC地址，例如：000102030405

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\
{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002bE10318}\0001
(每台电脑上的class 后面的项不同的　看自己的网卡　是什么然后再加　硬件属性里面可以看到自己的网卡是什么型号的　右击我的电脑　管理　设备管理　网卡)
完成上述操作后重启就好了。一般网卡发出的包的源MAC地址并不是网卡本身写上去的，
而是应用程序提供的，只是在通常的实现中，应用程序先从网卡上得到MAC地址，
每次发送的时候都用这个MAC作为源MAC而已，而注册表中的MAC地址是在Windows安装的时候
从网卡中读入的，只要你的操作系统不重新安装应该问题不大。

[sghcpt]

To qiri07
多谢你的回答，但好像偏离了主题了，我不是想问那个，我只是问我上面的问题。