请高手指教，SQL语句如何获取表的字段默认值和描述信息

zhuawang 2011-07-31 12:09:22

请高手指教，SQL语句如何获取表的字段默认值和描述信息，谢谢！

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chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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试试这个

chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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SQL2005中應該用：sys.extended_properties 

如： 

SELECT   

表名               =   CASE   WHEN   A.COLORDER=1   THEN   D.NAME   ELSE   ' '   END, 

表說明           =   CASE   WHEN   A.COLORDER=1   THEN   ISNULL(F.VALUE, ' ')   ELSE   ' '   END, 

欄位序號       =   A.COLORDER, 

欄位名           =   A.NAME, 

標識               =   CASE   WHEN   COLUMNPROPERTY(   A.ID,A.NAME, 'ISIDENTITY ')=1   THEN   '√ 'ELSE   ' '   END, 

主鍵               =   CASE   WHEN   EXISTS(SELECT   1   FROM   SYSOBJECTS   WHERE   XTYPE= 'PK '   AND   PARENT_OBJ=A.ID   AND   NAME   IN   ( 

SELECT   NAME   FROM   SYSINDEXES   WHERE   INDID   IN( 

SELECT   INDID   FROM   SYSINDEXKEYS   WHERE   ID   =   A.ID   AND   COLID=A.COLID)))   THEN   '√ '   ELSE   ' '   END, 

類型               =   B.NAME, 

佔用位元組數   =   A.LENGTH, 

長度               =   COLUMNPROPERTY(A.ID,A.NAME, 'PRECISION '), 

小數位數       =   ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(A.ID,A.NAME, 'SCALE '),0), 

允許空           =   CASE   WHEN   A.ISNULLABLE=1   THEN   '√ 'ELSE   ' '   END, 

預設值           =   ISNULL(E.TEXT, ' '), 

欄位說明       =   ISNULL(G.[VALUE], ' ') 

FROM   

SYSCOLUMNS   A 

LEFT   JOIN   

SYSTYPES   B   

ON   

A.XUSERTYPE=B.XUSERTYPE 

INNER   JOIN   

SYSOBJECTS   D   

ON   

A.ID=D.ID     AND   D.XTYPE= 'U '   AND     D.NAME <> 'DTPROPERTIES ' 

LEFT   JOIN   

SYSCOMMENTS   E   

ON   

A.CDEFAULT=E.ID 

LEFT   JOIN   

sys.extended_properties   G   

ON   

A.ID=G.major_id   AND   A.COLID=G.minor_id     

LEFT   JOIN   

sys.extended_properties   F   

ON   

D.ID=F.major_id   AND   F.minor_id=0 

ORDER   BY   

A.ID,A.COLORDER

[Quote=引用 4 楼 zhuawang 的回复:]

为什么提示对象名 'sysproperties' 无效，我用的是sql server2005
[/Quote]

AcHerat 元老 2011-07-31

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用1楼的看！

船长这么给力。。

zhuawang 2011-07-31

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为什么提示对象名 'sysproperties' 无效，我用的是sql server2005

chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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 SELECT  

 表名=d.name, 

 表说明=isnull(f.value,''), 

 字段序号=a.colorder, 

 字段名=a.name, 

 标识=case when a.colstat=1 then '√'else '' end, 

 主键=case when exists(select 1 from sysindexes y,sysindexkeys z where y.id=z.id and y.indid=z.indid and z.id=a.id and z.colid=a.colid and y.status & 2948=2048) then '√'else '' end, 

 类型=b.name, 

 占用字节数=a.length, 

 精度=a.prec, 

 小数位数=isnull(a.Scale,0), 

 允许空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end, 

 默认值=isnull(e.text,''), 

 字段说明=isnull(g.[value],'') 

 FROM syscolumns a 

 left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype 

 inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id  and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties' 

 left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id 

 left join sysproperties g on a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid  

 left join sysproperties f on a.id=f.id and f.smallid=0  

 where d.name='tablename'  --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件 

 order by a.id,a.colorder

chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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--sql server 2000

SELECT 

    表名       = case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,

    表说明     = case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end,

    字段序号   = a.colorder,

    字段名     = a.name,

    标识       = case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,

    主键       = case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and parent_obj=a.id and name in (

                     SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(

                        SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid))) then '√' else '' end,

    类型       = b.name,

    占用字节数 = a.length,

    长度       = COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),

    小数位数   = isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),

    允许空     = case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,

    默认值     = isnull(e.text,''),

    字段说明   = isnull(g.[value],'')

FROM 

    syscolumns a

left join 

    systypes b 

on 

    a.xusertype=b.xusertype

inner join 

    sysobjects d 

on 

    a.id=d.id  and d.xtype='U' and  d.name<>'dtproperties'

left join 

    syscomments e 

on 

    a.cdefault=e.id

left join 

    sysproperties g 

on 

    a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid  

left join 

    sysproperties f 

on 

    d.id=f.id and f.smallid=0

where 

    d.name='要查询的表'    --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件

order by 

    a.id,a.colorder



/*

表名    表说明 字段序号 字段名    标识 主键    类型    占用字节数 长度 小数位数 允许空  默认值      字段说明 

------- ----- -------  -------- ---- ------- ------ ------- --------------- ------ ---------- ---------- 

authors       1        au_id          √     id      11     11      0                          

              2        au_lname              varchar 40     40      0                          

              3        au_fname              varchar 20     20      0                          

              4        phone                 char    12     12      0              ('UNKNOWN') 

              5        address               varchar 40     40      0       √                 

              6        city                  varchar 20     20      0       √                 

              7        state                 char    2      2       0       √                 

              8        zip                   char    5      5       0       √                 

              9        contract              bit     1      1       0                          

（所影响的行数为 9 行）

*/

chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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--sql server 2005

-- 1. 表结构信息查询 

-- ========================================================================

-- 表结构信息查询

-- 邹建 2005.08(引用请保留此信息)

-- ========================================================================

SELECT 

    TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,

    TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),

    Column_id=C.column_id,

    ColumnName=C.name,

    PrimaryKey=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),

    [IDENTITY]=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    Computed=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    Type=T.name,

    Length=C.max_length,

    Precision=C.precision,

    Scale=C.scale,

    NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    [Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),

    ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),

    IndexName=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),

    IndexSort=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),

    Create_Date=O.Create_Date,

    Modify_Date=O.Modify_date

FROM sys.columns C

    INNER JOIN sys.objects O

        ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]

            AND O.type='U'

            AND O.is_ms_shipped=0

    INNER JOIN sys.types T

        ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id

    LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D

        ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id

            AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id

            AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]

    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD

        ON PFD.class=1 

            AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id 

            AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id

--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)

    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB

        ON PTB.class=1 

            AND PTB.minor_id=0 

            AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id

--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述) 

    LEFT JOIN                       -- 索引及主键信息

    (

        SELECT 

            IDXC.[object_id],

            IDXC.column_id,

            Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')

                WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,

            PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN

快溜 2011-07-31

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右键表字段---》属性

cd731107 2011-07-31

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选择你要的表，生成sql脚本时再把表脚本选项都选上，

zhuawang 2011-07-31

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最后一个可以用，谢谢

zhuawang 2011-07-31

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发一大堆没用的东西，我只需要查询字段默认值和描述信息

chuanzhang5687 2011-07-31

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一楼不完整

SELECT 

    TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,

    TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),

    Column_id=C.column_id,

    ColumnName=C.name,

    PrimaryKey=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),

    [IDENTITY]=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    Computed=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    Type=T.name,

    Length=C.max_length,

    Precision=C.precision,

    Scale=C.scale,

    NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

    [Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),

    ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),

    IndexName=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),

    IndexSort=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),

    Create_Date=O.Create_Date,

    Modify_Date=O.Modify_date

FROM sys.columns C

    INNER JOIN sys.objects O

        ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]

            AND O.type='U'

            AND O.is_ms_shipped=0

    INNER JOIN sys.types T

        ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id

    LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D

        ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id

            AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id

            AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]

    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD

        ON PFD.class=1 

            AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id 

            AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id

--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)

    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB

        ON PTB.class=1 

            AND PTB.minor_id=0 

            AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id

--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述) 

    LEFT JOIN                       -- 索引及主键信息

    (

        SELECT 

            IDXC.[object_id],

            IDXC.column_id,

            Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')

                WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,

            PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

            IndexName=IDX.Name

        FROM sys.indexes IDX

        INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC

            ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]

                AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id

        LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC

            ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]

                AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id

        INNER JOIN  -- 对于一个列包含多个索引的情况,只显示第1个索引信息

        (

            SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)

            FROM sys.index_columns

            GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id

        ) IDXCUQ

            ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]

                AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id

                AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id

    ) IDX

        ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]

            AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id 

-- WHERE O.name=N'要查询的表'       -- 如果只查询指定表,加上此条件

ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id