《Directx 9.0 3D 游戏开发编程基础》例程3.6 出现的问题

独酌逸醉 2011-11-19 01:23:57

大家好，小弟正在学习 directx 。在龙书例程 3.6 中绘制一个 cube。代码和源代码几乎相同，但是却绘制不出来 cube。下面是代码：
// file.vertex.h



#ifndef __VERTEX_H__

#define __VERTEX_H__



struct Vertex

{

public:

	Vertex() 

	{ }

	Vertex(float x, float y, float z)

		: m_x(x), m_y(y), m_z(z) 

	{ }



	void SetX(float x) { m_x = x ; }

	void SetY(float y) { m_y = y ; }

	void SetZ(float z) { m_z = z ; }

	float GetX() const { return m_x ; }

	float GetY() const { return m_y ; }

	float GetZ() const { return m_z ; }



public:

	static const DWORD FVF;



public:

	float m_x;

	float m_y;

	float m_z;

};



const DWORD Vertex::FVF = D3DFVF_XYZ;





#endif /* __VERTEX_H__ */

// direct3dframe.h



#ifndef __DIRECT3DFRAME_H__

#define __DIRECT3DFRAME_H__



#include <d3d9.h>

#include <d3dx9.h>



#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")

#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx9.lib")

#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")



// Direct3D 框架类，完成 Direct3D 的初始化等操作

class Direct3DFrame

{

public:

	Direct3DFrame(

		LPCWSTR   wndName,

		HINSTANCE hInstance,

		int width, int height,

		bool windowed,

		D3DDEVTYPE deviceType);



	~Direct3DFrame(void);



public:

	bool InitD3D();

	// Setup() 设置资源，Cleanup() 清除资源

	bool Setup();

	void Cleanup();

	bool Display(float timeDelta);



public:

	static LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, 

		WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

	int EnterMsgLoop();



private:

	bool CreateWin32Window(HWND& hWnd);



private:

	LPCWSTR           m_wndName;    // 窗口名称

	HINSTANCE         m_hInstance;  // 应用程序实例句柄

	int               m_width;      // 后台缓冲大小

	int               m_height;

	bool              m_windowed;   // 窗口模式 (true) 或者全屏模式 (false)

	D3DDEVTYPE        m_deviceType; // HAL or REF

	IDirect3DDevice9* m_device;



	IDirect3DVertexBuffer9*  m_vb;  // 顶点缓存

	IDirect3DIndexBuffer9*   m_ib;  // 索引缓存



	float             m_yRotAngle;  // y 轴每次旋转增量

};



#endif /* __DIRECT3DFRAME_H__ */

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独酌逸醉 2011-11-21

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[Quote=引用 11 楼 ccssddnnchaizhi 的回复:]

setup()里面
// define the triangle of the cube:
WORD* indices = NULL;
m_vb->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&indices, 0);

这写错了
最后应该是m_ib->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&indices, 0);
[/Quote]

嗯，对。
谢谢你的回复。

ccssddnnchaizhi 2011-11-21

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setup()里面
// define the triangle of the cube:
WORD* indices = NULL;
m_vb->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&indices, 0);

这写错了
最后应该是m_ib->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&indices, 0);

独酌逸醉 2011-11-20

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求人不如求己啊。

独酌逸醉 2011-11-19

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[Quote=引用 3 楼 baesky 的回复:]

先别设置renderstate，另外用PIX看看一帧你都做了什么。
[/Quote]

PIX 是什么？

独酌逸醉 2011-11-19

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[Quote=引用 4 楼 dizuo 的回复:]

这里下例子代码研究一下：www.codesampler.com
[/Quote]

您给的连接是 opengl 的，可是我用的是 directx 。

gianni_bella 2011-11-19

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游戏上的爱情难道真的就仅仅只是游戏吗?

ryfdizuo 2011-11-19

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这里下例子代码研究一下：www.codesampler.com

Baesky 2011-11-19

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先别设置renderstate，另外用PIX看看一帧你都做了什么。

独酌逸醉 2011-11-19

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//file. winmain.cpp

#include "Direct3DFrame.h"



int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,

				   HINSTANCE prevInstance,

				   PSTR cmdLine,

				   int showCmd)

{

	Direct3DFrame d3dFrame(TEXT("Direct3DFrame"), hInstance,

		640, 480, true, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL);

	

	if (!d3dFrame.InitD3D()) {

		::MessageBox(0, TEXT("InitD3D() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

		return 0;

	}

	

	if (!d3dFrame.Setup()) {

		::MessageBox(0, TEXT("Setup() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

		return 0;

	}



	d3dFrame.EnterMsgLoop();

	d3dFrame.Cleanup();



	return 0;

}

独酌逸醉 2011-11-19

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// file.direct3dframe.cpp

[code=C/C++]

#include "Direct3DFrame.h"

#include "Vertex.h"

Direct3DFrame::Direct3DFrame(

			LPCWSTR   wndName,

			HINSTANCE hInstance,

			int width, int height,

			bool windowed,

			D3DDEVTYPE deviceType)

{

	m_wndName      = wndName;

	m_hInstance    = hInstance;

	m_width        = width;

	m_height       = height;

	m_windowed     = windowed;

	m_deviceType   = deviceType;

	this->m_device = NULL;

	

	this->m_vb = NULL;

	this->m_ib = NULL;



	m_yRotAngle = 0.0f;

}



Direct3DFrame::~Direct3DFrame(void)

{

	m_device->Release();

}

bool Direct3DFrame::InitD3D()

{

	HWND hWnd;

	if (!CreateWin32Window(hWnd)) {

		return false;

	}



	// ---- Init D3D:

	

	HRESULT hr = 0;

	

	// Step 1: Create the IDirect3D9 object.

	/* IDirect3D9 用途: 

	 *  (1) 设置枚举 ( device enumeration ) 

	 *      ->指获取系统中可用的每块图形卡的性能、显示模式(display mode)、格式及其他信息

	 *  (2) 创建 IDirect3DDevice9 类型

	 */

	IDirect3D9* d3d9 = NULL;

	d3d9 = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);



	if (!d3d9) {

		::MessageBox(0, TEXT("Direct3DCreate9() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

		return false;

	}



	// Step 2: Check for hardare vp.

	D3DCAPS9 caps;

	d3d9->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, m_deviceType, &caps);

	

	int vp = 0;

	if (caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT) {

		vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;

	}

	else {

		vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;

	}



	// Step3 : Fill out the D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS structure.

	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;

	d3dpp.BackBufferWidth            = m_width;

	d3dpp.BackBufferHeight           = m_height;

	d3dpp.BackBufferFormat           = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8;

	d3dpp.BackBufferCount            = 1;

	d3dpp.MultiSampleType            = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;

	d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality         = 0;

	d3dpp.SwapEffect                 = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; 

	d3dpp.hDeviceWindow              = hWnd;

	d3dpp.Windowed                   = m_windowed;

	d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil     = true; 

	d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat     = D3DFMT_D24S8;

	d3dpp.Flags                      = 0;

	d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;

	d3dpp.PresentationInterval       = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;



	// Step 4: Create the device.

	hr = d3d9->CreateDevice(

		D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, // primary adapter

		m_deviceType,      // device type

		hWnd,              // window assocated with device

		vp,                // vertex processing

		&d3dpp,            // present parameters

		&m_device);        // return created device



	if (FAILED(hr)) {

		// try again using a 16-bit depth buffer

		d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;

		hr = d3d9->CreateDevice(

			D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,

			m_deviceType,

			hWnd,

			vp,

			&d3dpp,

			&m_device);



		if (FAILED(hr)) {

			d3d9->Release();

			::MessageBox(0, TEXT("CreateDevice() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

			return false;

		}

	}



	d3d9->Release();  // done with d3d9 object



	return true;

}



LRESULT CALLBACK Direct3DFrame::WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, 

	WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

	switch(msg)

	{

	case WM_DESTROY:

		::PostQuitMessage(0);

		break;



	case WM_KEYDOWN:

		if (wParam == VK_ESCAPE)

			::DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		break;

	}



	return ::DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);

}

bool Direct3DFrame::CreateWin32Window(HWND& hWnd)

{

	WNDCLASS wc;

	wc.style       = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

	wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;

	wc.cbClsExtra  = 0;

	wc.cbWndExtra  = 0;

	wc.hInstance   = m_hInstance;

	wc.hIcon       = LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);

	wc.hCursor     = LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);

	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);

	wc.lpszMenuName  = NULL;

	wc.lpszClassName = m_wndName;



	if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) {

		::MessageBox(0, TEXT("RegisterClass() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

		return false;

	}



	hWnd = ::CreateWindow(m_wndName, m_wndName, 

		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW^WS_MAXIMIZEBOX , 0, 0, m_width, m_height,

		0, 0, m_hInstance, 0);

	/*hWnd = ::CreateWindow(m_wndName, m_wndName, 

		WS_EX_TOPMOST, 0, 0, m_width, m_height,

		0, 0, m_hInstance, 0);*/



	if (!hWnd) {

		::MessageBox(0, TEXT("CreateWindow() - FAILED"), 0, 0);

		return false;

	}



	::ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);

	::UpdateWindow(hWnd);



	return true;

}

bool Direct3DFrame::Display(float timeDelta)

{

	if (m_device) { 

		// spin the cube:

		D3DXMATRIX rx, ry;

		// rotate 45 degrees on x-axis

		D3DXMatrixRotationX(&rx, 3.14f / 4.0f);



		// increment y-rotation angle each frame

		

		D3DXMatrixRotationY(&ry, m_yRotAngle);

		m_yRotAngle += timeDelta;



		// reset angle to zero when angle reaches 2*PI

		if (m_yRotAngle >= 6.28f) {

			m_yRotAngle = 0.0f;

		}



		D3DXMATRIX p = rx * ry;



		m_device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &p);



		// draw the scene:

		m_device->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0xffffffff, 1.0f, 0);      

		m_device->BeginScene();

		

		m_device->SetStreamSource(0, m_vb, 0, sizeof(Vertex));

		m_device->SetIndices(m_ib);

		m_device->SetFVF(Vertex::FVF);



		// Draw cube.

		m_device->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, 8, 0, 12);



		m_device->EndScene();

		m_device->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);

	}



	return true;

}

int Direct3DFrame::EnterMsgLoop()

{

	MSG msg;

	::ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(MSG));



	static float lastTime = (float)timeGetTime();



	while (msg.message != WM_QUIT) {

		if (::PeekMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) {

			::TranslateMessage(&msg);

			::DispatchMessage(&msg);

		}

		else {

			float currTime  = (float)timeGetTime();

			float timeDelta = (currTime - lastTime)*0.001f;



			Display(timeDelta);



			lastTime = currTime;

		}

	}



	return msg.wParam;

}



bool Direct3DFrame::Setup()

{

	// Create vertex and index buffers.

	m_device->CreateVertexBuffer (

		8 * sizeof(Vertex), 

		D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,

		Vertex::FVF,

		D3DPOOL_MANAGED,

		&m_vb,

		0);

	m_device->CreateIndexBuffer(

		36 * sizeof(WORD),

		D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,

		D3DFMT_INDEX16,

		D3DPOOL_MANAGED,

		&m_ib,

		0);



	// Fill the buffers with the cube data.

	Vertex* vertices;

	m_vb->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&vertices, 0);

	

	// vertices of a unit cube

	vertices[0] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);

	vertices[1] = Vertex(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);

	vertices[2] = Vertex( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);

	vertices[3] = Vertex( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);

	vertices[4] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);

	vertices[5] = Vertex(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);

	vertices[6] = Vertex( 1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);

	vertices[7] = Vertex( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);

	

	m_vb->Unlock();



	// define the triangle of the cube:

	WORD* indices = NULL;

	m_vb->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&indices, 0);

	

	// front side

	indices[0]  = 0; indices[1]  = 1; indices[2]  = 2;

	indices[3]  = 0; indices[4]  = 2; indices[5]  = 3;



	// back side

	indices[6]  = 4; indices[7]  = 6; indices[8]  = 5;

	indices[9]  = 4; indices[10] = 7; indices[11] = 6;



	// left side

	indices[12] = 4; indices[13] = 5; indices[14] = 1;

	indices[15] = 4; indices[16] = 1; indices[17] = 0;



	// right side

	indices[18] = 3; indices[19] = 2; indices[20] = 6;

	indices[21] = 3; indices[22] = 6; indices[23] = 7;



	// top

	indices[24] = 1; indices[25] = 5; indices[26] = 6;

	indices[27] = 1; indices[28] = 6; indices[29] = 2;



	// bottom

	indices[30] = 4; indices[31] = 0; indices[32] = 3;

	indices[33] = 4; indices[34] = 3; indices[35] = 7;



	m_ib->Unlock();



	// Position and aim the camera.

	D3DXVECTOR3 position(0.0f, 0.0f, -5.0f);

	D3DXVECTOR3 target(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);

	D3DXVECTOR3 up(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	D3DXMATRIX v;

	D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&v, &position, &target, &up);



	m_device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &v);



	// Set the projection matrix.

	D3DXMATRIX proj;

	D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(

		&proj,

		D3DX_PI * 0.5f,

		(float)m_width / (float)m_height,

		1.0f, 

		1000.0f);

	m_device->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &proj);



	// Switch to wireframe mode.

	m_device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE, D3DFILL_WIREFRAME);



	return true;

}



void Direct3DFrame::Cleanup()

{

	m_vb->Release();

	m_vb = NULL;



	m_ib->Release();

	m_ib = NULL;

}