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分享Linux/c++ 多线程写文件时如何正确使用flockfile/funlockfile
最近在一个多线程文件上传服务里想做一个文件锁控制多用户同时写入同样的文件而产生冲突。但是我在一个线程里使用flockfile锁住打开的文件句柄进行写动作的同时，启动另外一个线程打开相同的文件的句柄还是可以获得文件锁并进行写入操作，本来以为第二个线程使用ftrylockfile会失败的，有点搞不清状况。希望有高手指点一下这几个函数的用法。谢谢
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lazysmile 2013-06-24
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谢谢各位，明白了
qq120848369 2013-06-20
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文件锁在内核里是PID相关的, 只能用作进程间互斥.
www_adintr_com 2013-06-20
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flockfile 是针对文件句柄的, 不是针对文件的.
在不同的线程中, 对同一个 FILE* 使用可以.
但是在其它线程中重新打开的新的 FILE*, flockfile 就锁不住了.
黎明VS黑暗 2013-06-20
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Boost库中对file_lock解释如下，它只支持不同进程间的，不支持同一个进程不同线程间的
//!A file lock, is a mutual exclusion utility similar to a mutex using a
//!file. A file lock has sharable and exclusive locking capabilities and
//!can be used with scoped_lock and sharable_lock classes.
//!A file lock can't guarantee synchronization between threads of the same
//!process so just use file locks to synchronize threads from different processes.
赵4老师 2012-05-16
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仅供参考：
Windows下：
_locking
Locks or unlocks bytes of a file.
int _locking( int handle, int mode, long nbytes );
Routine Required Header Optional Headers Compatibility
_locking <io.h> and <sys/locking.h> <errno.h> Win 95, Win NT
For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.
Libraries
LIBC.LIB Single thread static library, retail version
LIBCMT.LIB Multithread static library, retail version
MSVCRT.LIB Import library for MSVCRT.DLL, retail version
Return Value
_locking returns 0 if successful. A return value of –1 indicates failure, in which case errno is set to one of the following values:
EACCES
Locking violation (file already locked or unlocked).
EBADF
Invalid file handle.
EDEADLOCK
Locking violation. Returned when the _LK_LOCK or _LK_RLCK flag is specified and the file cannot be locked after 10 attempts.
EINVAL
An invalid argument was given to _locking.
Parameters
handle
File handle
mode
Locking action to perform
nbytes
Number of bytes to lock
Remarks
The _locking function locks or unlocks nbytes bytes of the file specified by handle. Locking bytes in a file prevents access to those bytes by other processes. All locking or unlocking begins at the current position of the file pointer and proceeds for the next nbytes bytes. It is possible to lock bytes past end of file.
mode must be one of the following manifest constants, which are defined in LOCKING.H:
_LK_LOCK
Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the program immediately tries again after 1 second. If, after 10 attempts, the bytes cannot be locked, the constant returns an error.
_LK_NBLCK
Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the constant returns an error.
_LK_NBRLCK
Same as _LK_NBLCK.
_LK_RLCK
Same as _LK_LOCK.
_LK_UNLCK
Unlocks the specified bytes, which must have been previously locked.
Multiple regions of a file that do not overlap can be locked. A region being unlocked must have been previously locked. _locking does not merge adjacent regions; if two locked regions are adjacent, each region must be unlocked separately. Regions should be locked only briefly and should be unlocked before closing a file or exiting the program.
Example
/* LOCKING.C: This program opens a file with sharing. It locks
* some bytes before reading them, then unlocks them. Note that the
* program works correctly only if the file exists.
*/
#include <io.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/locking.h>
#include <share.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main( void )
{
int fh, numread;
char buffer[40];
/* Quit if can't open file or system doesn't
* support sharing.
*/
fh = _sopen( "locking.c", _O_RDWR, _SH_DENYNO,
_S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE );
if( fh == -1 )
exit( 1 );
/* Lock some bytes and read them. Then unlock. */
if( _locking( fh, LK_NBLCK, 30L ) != -1 )
{
printf( "No one can change these bytes while I'm reading them\n" );
numread = _read( fh, buffer, 30 );
printf( "%d bytes read: %.30s\n", numread, buffer );
lseek( fh, 0L, SEEK_SET );
_locking( fh, LK_UNLCK, 30L );
printf( "Now I'm done. Do what you will with them\n" );
}
else
perror( "Locking failed\n" );
_close( fh );
}
Output
No one can change these bytes while I'm reading them
30 bytes read: /* LOCKING.C: This program ope
Now I'm done. Do what you will with them
File Handling Routines
See Also _creat, _open
Windows下：
_locking
Locks or unlocks bytes of a file.
int _locking( int handle, int mode, long nbytes );
Routine Required Header Optional Headers Compatibility
_locking <io.h> and <sys/locking.h> <errno.h> Win 95, Win NT
For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.
Libraries
LIBC.LIB Single thread static library, retail version
LIBCMT.LIB Multithread static library, retail version
MSVCRT.LIB Import library for MSVCRT.DLL, retail version
Return Value
_locking returns 0 if successful. A return value of –1 indicates failure, in which case errno is set to one of the following values:
EACCES
Locking violation (file already locked or unlocked).
EBADF
Invalid file handle.
EDEADLOCK
Locking violation. Returned when the _LK_LOCK or _LK_RLCK flag is specified and the file cannot be locked after 10 attempts.
EINVAL
An invalid argument was given to _locking.
Parameters
handle
File handle
mode
Locking action to perform
nbytes
Number of bytes to lock
Remarks
The _locking function locks or unlocks nbytes bytes of the file specified by handle. Locking bytes in a file prevents access to those bytes by other processes. All locking or unlocking begins at the current position of the file pointer and proceeds for the next nbytes bytes. It is possible to lock bytes past end of file.
mode must be one of the following manifest constants, which are defined in LOCKING.H:
_LK_LOCK
Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the program immediately tries again after 1 second. If, after 10 attempts, the bytes cannot be locked, the constant returns an error.
_LK_NBLCK
Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the constant returns an error.
_LK_NBRLCK
Same as _LK_NBLCK.
_LK_RLCK
Same as _LK_LOCK.
_LK_UNLCK
Unlocks the specified bytes, which must have been previously locked.
Multiple regions of a file that do not overlap can be locked. A region being unlocked must have been previously locked. _locking does not merge adjacent regions; if two locked regions are adjacent, each region must be unlocked separately. Regions should be locked only briefly and should be unlocked before closing a file or exiting the program.
Example
/* LOCKING.C: This program opens a file with sharing. It locks
* some bytes before reading them, then unlocks them. Note that the
* program works correctly only if the file exists.
*/
#include <io.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/locking.h>
#include <share.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main( void )
{
int fh, numread;
char buffer[40];
/* Quit if can't open file or system doesn't
* support sharing.
*/
fh = _sopen( "locking.c", _O_RDWR, _SH_DENYNO,
_S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE );
if( fh == -1 )
exit( 1 );
/* Lock some bytes and read them. Then unlock. */
if( _locking( fh, LK_NBLCK, 30L ) != -1 )
{
printf( "No one can change these bytes while I'm reading them\n" );
numread = _read( fh, buffer, 30 );
printf( "%d bytes read: %.30s\n", numread, buffer );
lseek( fh, 0L, SEEK_SET );
_locking( fh, LK_UNLCK, 30L );
printf( "Now I'm done. Do what you will with them\n" );
}
else
perror( "Locking failed\n" );
_close( fh );
}
Output
No one can change these bytes while I'm reading them
30 bytes read: /* LOCKING.C: This program ope
Now I'm done. Do what you will with them
File Handling Routines
See Also _creat, _open
lazysmile 2012-05-16
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一个线程使用flockfile锁住后开始写，此时另一个文件尝试ftrylockfile的时候仍然还会成功，这就是我觉得难以理解的地方
lazysmile 2012-05-16
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[Quote=引用 2 楼 的回复:]
一个线程锁住了，另一个线程肯定访问失败，你的要求是冲突的，一要锁，二要并发写，如果要并发写，锁它干什么？
[/Quote]
我只想锁住以禁止并发写的情况。现在的问题是锁不住
一个线程锁住了，另一个线程肯定访问失败，你的要求是冲突的，一要锁，二要并发写，如果要并发写，锁它干什么？
[/Quote]
我只想锁住以禁止并发写的情况。现在的问题是锁不住
一叶之舟 2012-05-16
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一个线程锁住了，另一个线程肯定访问失败，你的要求是冲突的，一要锁，二要并发写，如果要并发写，锁它干什么？
lazysmile 2012-05-16
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继续求解
