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id ino_id ccode md mc ccode_equal
1 1 1001 10 0 1131
2 1 1131 0 10 1001
3 2 1001 100 0 1131,1130,1151
4 2 1131 0 40 1001
5 2 1130 0 50 1001
6 2 1151 0 10 1001
7 3 1001 100 0 1131,1121
8 3 1131 0 50 1001
9 3 1121 0 50 1001
10 4 1001 0 100 1131,1121
11 4 1131 50 0 1001
12 4 1131 30 0 1001
13 4 1121 20 0 1001
--> 测试数据:[test]
if object_id('[test]') is not null
drop table [test]
create table [test](
[id] int,
[ino_id] int,
[ccode] int,
[md] int,
[mc] int,
[ccode_equal] varchar(20)
)
go
insert [test]
select 1,1,1001,10,0,1131 union all
select 2,1,1131,0,10,1001 union all
select 3,2,1001,100,0,1131 union all
select 4,2,1131,0,40,1001 union all
select 5,2,1130,0,50,1001 union all
select 6,2,1151,0,10,1001 union all
select 7,3,1001,100,0,1131 union all
select 8,3,1131,0,50,1001 union all
select 9,3,1121,0,50,1001 union all
select 10,4,1001,0,100,1131 union all
select 11,4,1131,50,0,1001 union all
select 12,4,1131,30,0,1001 union all
select 13,4,1121,20,0,1001
go
with t
as(
select px=ROW_NUMBER()over(partition by [ino_id] order by getdate()),
* from test
),
m
as(
select
px=row_number()over(partition by ino_id order by getdate()),
ino_id,
right(N.[ccode],len(N.[ccode])-CHARINDEX(',',N.[ccode])) [ccode_equal]
from
(
select distinct
[ino_id]
from
test
)A
outer apply(
select distinct
[ccode]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(select
distinct [ccode] from test N
where ino_id = A.ino_id
for xml auto
),'<N ccode="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
)
select
t.id,t.ino_id,t.ccode,t.md,t.mc,
case when t.px=1 then m.ccode_equal else t.ccode_equal end as ccode_equal
from t
left join m
on t.px=m.px and t.ino_id=m.ino_id
/*
id ino_id ccode md mc ccode_equal
-------------------------------------------------
1 1 1001 10 0 1131
2 1 1131 0 10 1001
3 2 1001 100 0 1130,1131,1151
4 2 1131 0 40 1001
5 2 1130 0 50 1001
6 2 1151 0 10 1001
7 3 1001 100 0 1121,1131
8 3 1131 0 50 1001
9 3 1121 0 50 1001
10 4 1001 0 100 1121,1131
11 4 1131 50 0 1001
12 4 1131 30 0 1001
13 4 1121 20 0 1001
*/
表a
name num
aa 1
bb 2
cc 4
dd 4
ee 2
一条语句实现如下:
name
aa,bb,cc,dd,ee
DECLARE @STR VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT @STR=ISNULL(@STR+',','')+name FROM (SELECT DISTINCT NAME FROM A)AS T
SELECT @STR
问题描述:
无论是在sql 2000,还是在sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即,group by id, 求value 的和(字符串相加)
1. 旧的解决方法
-- 1. 创建处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数
SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id
-- 2. 新的解决方法
-- 示例数据
DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'
-- 查询处理
SELECT *FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Id FROM @t)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
( SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
--或者
/*
SELECT a.id,
a.Tag,
TagName=STUFF((SELECT ','+描述
FROM @B
WHERE CHARINDEX(','+CAST(id AS VARCHAR(4))+',',','+a.Tag+',' )>0 FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'')
FROM @A a
GROUP BY a.id,Tag
*/
/*--结果
id values
----------- ----------------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
--*/
--各种字符串分函数
--3.3.1 使用游标法进行字符串合并处理的示例。
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
--合并处理
--定义结果集表变量
DECLARE @t TABLE(col1 varchar(10),col2 varchar(100))
--定义游标并进行合并处理
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar(10),@col1 varchar(10),@col2 int,@s varchar(100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s=''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+','+CAST(@col2 as varchar)
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
SELECT @s=','+CAST(@col2 as varchar),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
--显示结果并删除测试数据
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
--3.3.2 使用用户定义函数,配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO
--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO
--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
--3.3.3 使用临时表实现字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,col2=CAST(col2 as varchar(100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar(10),@col2 varchar(100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2=CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+','+col2 ELSE col2 END,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*--更新处理后的临时表
col1 col2
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--得到最终结果
SELECT col1,col2=MAX(col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO
--3.3.4.1 每组<=2 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ----------
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
--*/
--3.3.4.2 每组<=3 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=3 THEN ','
+CAST((SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN(MAX(a.col2),MIN(a.col2))) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)>=2 THEN ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ------------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
--*/
GO
if not object_id('A') is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N'张三' union all
select 2,N'李四' union all
select 3,N'王五' union all
select 4,N'蔡六'
Go
--> -->
if not object_id('B') is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N'1,2,3' union all
select 2,N'3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname=replace(@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex('%,'+rtrim(ID)+',%',','+@cname+',')>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from B
id cname
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六
(2 個資料列受到影響)
我现在有一字段值为:a,b,c
分隔符为逗号.
我现在想实现目地值为:
字段:
id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
在SQL中咋实现呢?
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = 'a1,b1,c2,d1,e3,f5'
set @str = 'select name='''+replace(@str,',',''''+' union all select ''')+''''
set @str='select id=identity(int,1,1),name into #temp from ('+@str+') a select * from #temp drop table #temp'
exec(@str)
--参考:
CREATE TABLE TB(ID VARCHAR(6), COLOR NVARCHAR(30))
INSERT TB
SELECT '173160', N'#特深蓝色,#特深蓝色' UNION ALL
SELECT '173160', N'#特深蓝色,#特深蓝色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色'
GO
CREATE FUNCTION F_getStr(@color nvarchar(30))
returns nvarchar(30)
as
begin
declare @str nvarchar(30),@temp nvarchar(30)
set @str=''
set @temp=''
while charindex(',', @color+',')>0
begin
set @temp=left(@color, charindex(',', @color+',')-1)
if charindex(','+@temp+',', ','+@str+',')=0
set @str=@str+','+@temp
set @color=stuff(@color, 1, charindex(',', @color+','), '')
end
return stuff(@str, 1, 1, '')
end
go
SELECT ID,dbo.F_getStr(COLOR) as COLOR FROM TB
DROP TABLE TB
DROP FUNCTION F_getStr
/*
ID COLOR
173160 #特深蓝色
173160 #特深蓝色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
*/
if object_id('[tb]') is not null drop table [tb]
go
create table [tb]([id] int,[ino_id] int,[ccode] int,[md] int,[mc] int,[ccode_equal] varchar(14))
insert [tb]
select 1,1,1001,10,0,null union all
select 2,1,1131,0,10,null union all
select 3,2,1001,100,0,null union all
select 4,2,1131,0,40,null union all
select 5,2,1130,0,50,null union all
select 6,2,1151,0,10,null union all
select 7,3,1001,100,0,null union all
select 8,3,1131,0,50,null union all
select 9,3,1121,0,50,null union all
select 10,4,1001,0,100,null union all
select 11,4,1131,50,0,null union all
select 12,4,1131,30,0,null union all
select 13,4,1121,20,0,null
go
-->创建函数
create function [dbo].[f_ccode](@ino_id int,@md int,@mc int)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @r varchar(8000)
if @md=0
begin
select @r=isnull(@r+',','')+ltrim(ccode)
from (select distinct ccode from tb
where ino_id = @ino_id and mc=0
) t
end
else
begin
select @r=isnull(@r+',','')+ltrim(ccode)
from (select distinct ccode from tb
where ino_id = @ino_id and md=0
) t
end
return @r
end
go
select id,ino_id,ccode,md,mc,dbo.f_ccode(ino_id,md,mc) as ccode_qual from tb
/**
id ino_id ccode md mc ccode_qual
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------------------------
1 1 1001 10 0 1131
2 1 1131 0 10 1001
3 2 1001 100 0 1130,1131,1151
4 2 1131 0 40 1001
5 2 1130 0 50 1001
6 2 1151 0 10 1001
7 3 1001 100 0 1121,1131
8 3 1131 0 50 1001
9 3 1121 0 50 1001
10 4 1001 0 100 1121,1131
11 4 1131 50 0 1001
12 4 1131 30 0 1001
13 4 1121 20 0 1001
(13 行受影响)
**/
SELECT id,ino_id,ccode,md,mc,
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((SELECT ccode
FROM #t b
WHERE b.ino_id=a.ino_id
(CASE WHEN a.md=0 THEN b.mc ELSE b.md END)=0
FOR XML AUTO
),'<b ccode="', ','), '"/>', ''),1,1,'') ccode_equal
FROM #t a