关于程序内存泄露问题？

[virtualzege]

程序可以运行，奇怪的是只进入主菜单界面后，就退出程序，并不会提示内存泄露；

但是当程序进入主菜单界面后，再进入实际游戏场景后，退出程序后就会提示内存泄露问题。

该问题的产生是我在添加DirectInput组件后产生的。

但是初始化输入设备是在进入主菜单界面之前做的，而非进入实际游戏场景之前做的。

并且如果我只进入主菜单界面，就算有按键行为，退出时依旧没有内存问题；

但是如果进入了实际游戏场景，就算没有按键行为，退出时依旧会提示内存问题；

而且每次进入实际游戏场景后再退出时，编译器都会给出如下信息：（相同的）

Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory still allocated! Alloc count = 3057
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Current Process (pid) = 00000fb4(这个每次不一定相同)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028e07fc lAllocID=1 dwSize=00004bc4, ReturnAddr=6480d5ea (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028e53f4 lAllocID=2 dwSize=00000350, ReturnAddr=648102fa (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028e577c lAllocID=3 dwSize=00000ef0, ReturnAddr=64816401 (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028f0064 lAllocID=5 dwSize=00006300, ReturnAddr=6481e508 (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028f639c lAllocID=6 dwSize=00001584, ReturnAddr=6480ec04 (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028f7954 lAllocID=7 dwSize=00000004, ReturnAddr=6480ed27 (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 028e66a4 lAllocID=9 dwSize=000012fc, ReturnAddr=64803cab (pid=00000fb4)
.
.
.
.
.
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 029dd4fc lAllocID=106 dwSize=0000002c, ReturnAddr=6480d5ea (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 029dd55c lAllocID=107 dwSize=00000030, ReturnAddr=6480d5ea (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 029dd5c4 lAllocID=108 dwSize=0000517c, ReturnAddr=6480d5ea (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Memory Address: 048b0064 lAllocID=109 dwSize=00020020, ReturnAddr=6480d5ea (pid=00000fb4)
Direct3D9: (ERROR) :Total Memory Unfreed From Current Process = 3967089 bytes

请问如何解决这个问题？该如何调试？十分感谢了~~

[涛哥的代码世界]

记得用过后释放内存了没。。？使用new 创建后，要使用delete释放了。。
如果没有使用，则使包含指针的内存由于作用域和对象生命周期的原因而被释放，在自由存储空间上动态分配的变量或结构将继续存在。实际上，将会无法访问自由存储空间中的结构，因为指向这些内存的指针无效。这将导致内存泄露

[virtualzege]

[Quote=引用 3 楼 的回复:]

记得用过后释放内存了没。。？使用new 创建后，要使用delete释放了。。
如果没有使用，则使包含指针的内存由于作用域和对象生命周期的原因而被释放，在自由存储空间上动态分配的变量或结构将继续存在。实际上，将会无法访问自由存储空间中的结构，因为指向这些内存的指针无效。这将导致内存泄露
[/Quote]
我也仔细看了，在程序退出前貌似都释放了的~~。哎！

[jixingzhong]

不能断点之后进行单步调试么？

或者看看调用堆栈？

[virtualzege]

[Quote=引用 5 楼 的回复:]

不能断点之后进行单步调试么？

或者看看调用堆栈？
[/Quote]

摁，我就是用的断点单步调试的。退出程序时，释放程序加载的资源都正常，然后~~

执行UnregisterClassW(WINDOW_CLASS,g_hInstance);

然后 return 0;

然后转到crtexe.c文件中的这个地方：

if ( !managedapp )

exit(mainret);
就是做 exit(mainret)函数时，编译器开始提示内存分配错误~（见1楼的具体问题描述），

随后程序凄凉的退出~~

求解~？

十分感谢了！

[漫步者、]

内存分配失败，把内存分配大小改一下试试

[赵4老师]

参考：
MSDN98\SAMPLES\VC98\SDK\GRAPHICS\DIRECTX\DIEX3\*.*
MSDN98\SAMPLES\VC98\SDK\GRAPHICS\DIRECTX\DIEX4\*.*

ftp.bartol.udel.edu/evenson/TRANSFER/DN60AENU1/SAMPLES/VC98/SDK/GRAPHICS/DIRECTX/DIEX3/

[赵4老师]

检查是否资源泄漏的办法之一：
在任务管理器 进程 查看 选择列 里面选择：内存使用、虚拟内存大小、句柄数、线程数、USER对象、GDI对象
让你的程序(进程)不退出,循环执行主流程很多遍，越多越好，比如1000000次甚至无限循环，记录以上各数值，再隔至少一小时，越长越好，比如一个月，再记录以上各数值。如果以上两组数值的差较大或随时间流逝不断增加，则铁定有对应资源的资源泄漏！

[赵4老师]

C:\samples\VC98\sdk\Graphics\DirectX\diex3\DIEX3.CPP节选：

...
/****************************************************************************
 *
 *      DIInit
 *
 *      Initialize the DirectInput variables.
 *
 *      This entails the following four functions:
 *
 *          DirectInputCreate
 *          IDirectInput::CreateDevice
 *          IDirectInputDevice::SetDataFormat
 *          IDirectInputDevice::SetCooperativeLevel
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

BOOL
DIInit(
    HWND hwnd
)
{
    HRESULT hr;

    /*
     *  Register with the DirectInput subsystem and get a pointer
     *  to a IDirectInput interface we can use.
     *
     *  Parameters:
     *
     *      g_hinst
     *
     *          Instance handle to our application or DLL.
     *
     *      DIRECTINPUT_VERSION
     *
     *          The version of DirectInput we were designed for.
     *          We take the value from the <dinput.h> header file.
     *
     *      &g_pdi
     *
     *          Receives pointer to the IDirectInput interface
     *          that was created.
     *
     *      NULL
     *
     *          We do not use OLE aggregation, so this parameter
     *          must be NULL.
     *
     */
    hr = DirectInputCreate(g_hinst, DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, &g_pdi, NULL);

    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        Complain(hwnd, hr, "DirectInputCreate");
        return FALSE;
    }

    /*
     *  Obtain an interface to the system keyboard device.
     *
     *  Parameters:
     *
     *      GUID_SysKeyboard
     *
     *          The instance GUID for the device we wish to access.
     *          GUID_SysKeyboard is a predefined instance GUID that
     *          always refers to the system keyboard device.
     *
     *      &g_pKeyboard
     *
     *          Receives pointer to the IDirectInputDevice interface
     *          that was created.
     *
     *      NULL
     *
     *          We do not use OLE aggregation, so this parameter
     *          must be NULL.
     *
     */
    hr = g_pdi->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &g_pKeyboard, NULL);

    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        Complain(hwnd, hr, "CreateDevice");
        return FALSE;
    }

    /*
     *  Set the data format to "keyboard format".
     *
     *  A data format specifies which controls on a device we
     *  are interested in, and how they should be reported.
     *
     *  This tells DirectInput that we will be passing an array
     *  of 256 bytes to IDirectInputDevice::GetDeviceState.
     *
     *  Parameters:
     *
     *      c_dfDIKeyboard
     *
     *          Predefined data format which describes
     *          an array of 256 bytes, one per scancode.
     */
    hr = g_pKeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard);

    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        Complain(hwnd, hr, "SetDataFormat");
        return FALSE;
    }


    /*
     *  Set the cooperativity level to let DirectInput know how
     *  this device should interact with the system and with other
     *  DirectInput applications.
     *
     *  Parameters:
     *
     *      DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE
     *
     *          Retrieve keyboard data when acquired, not interfering
     *          with any other applications which are reading keyboard
     *          data.
     *
     *      DISCL_FOREGROUND
     *
     *          If the user switches away from our application,
     *          automatically release the keyboard back to the system.
     *
     */
    hr = g_pKeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd,
                                       DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND);

    if (FAILED(hr)) {
        Complain(hwnd, hr, "SetCooperativeLevel");
        return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;

}

/****************************************************************************
 *
 *      DITerm
 *
 *      Terminate our usage of DirectInput.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

void
DITerm(void)
{

    /*
     *  Destroy any lingering IDirectInputDevice object.
     */
    if (g_pKeyboard) {

        /*
         *  Cleanliness is next to godliness.  Unacquire the device
         *  one last time just in case we got really confused and tried
         *  to exit while the device is still acquired.
         */
        g_pKeyboard->Unacquire();

        g_pKeyboard->Release();
        g_pKeyboard = NULL;
    }

    /*
     *  Destroy any lingering IDirectInput object.
     */
    if (g_pdi) {
        g_pdi->Release();
        g_pdi = NULL;
    }

}
...

[fujialin2011]

要是代码比较复杂的话，使用c/c++内存检测工具Leak Detector 来查吧！可以辅助你找到内存泄漏的地方

[virtualzege]

感谢各位朋友的建议及意见！

正在深度自检中~~~

[gzliaojian]

windbg看看heap吧！

[virtualzege]

自个儿找找~~