社区
Java SE
帖子详情
请问Java 2 Platform和Standard Edition(J2SE) version 7是包含在JDK里的吗?
ku8h96de4
2013-01-05 05:05:56
如题~~
...全文
119
2
打赏
收藏
请问Java 2 Platform和Standard Edition(J2SE) version 7是包含在JDK里的吗?
如题~~
复制链接
扫一扫
分享
转发到动态
举报
写回复
配置赞助广告
用AI写文章
2 条
回复
切换为时间正序
请发表友善的回复…
发表回复
打赏红包
火龙果被占用了
2013-01-06
打赏
举报
回复
JDK 指的是 Java 开发工具(Java developement kit, JDK)
而 Java 2 Platform 和 Standard Edition (J2SE) version 7 是软件名称及版本号
Java 2 Platform 指的是 JDK 1.2 及以后的 Java 平台
Standard Edition (J2SE) version 7 指的是 JDK 1.7 的 Java 平台
应该说 JDK 的范围相对于后者来说较小一下,是后者可能会包括前者的
Java Standard Edition (J2SE) version 7 有很多类型的,比如有 JDK 版的,JRE 版的。
JDK 版的一定会包括 JRE,所以你只要下载一下 JDK 版本的就可以了
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
下载我框起来的就可以了,最上两个点一个就行了(最上面两个链接地址是一样的)
引用
ThinkCat
2013-01-05
打赏
举报
回复
Java 2 Platform、J2SE都是很老的叫法了,如果是想写代码的话,直接下载个JDK就可以了。
Java
邮件开发Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API
Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Table of Contents If you're viewing this document online, you can click any of the topics below to link directly to that sect
ion
. 1. Tutorial tips 2 2. Introducing the
Java
Mail API 3 3. Reviewing related protocols 4 4. Installing
Java
Mail 6 5. Reviewing the core classes 8 6. Using the
Java
Mail API 13 7. Searching with SearchTerm 21 8. Exercises 22 9. Wrapup 32 Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 1 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
1. Tutorial tips Should I take this tutorial? Looking to incorporate mail facilities into your
platform
-independent
Java
solut
ion
s? Look no further than the
Java
Mail API, which offers a protocol-independent model for working with IMAP, POP, SMTP, MIME, and all those other Internet-related messaging protocols. With the help of the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework (JAF), your applicat
ion
s can now be mail-enabled through the
Java
Mail API. Concepts After completing this module you will understand the: * Basics of the Internet mail protocols SMTP, POP3, IMAP, and MIME * Architecture of the
Java
Mail framework * Connect
ion
s between the
Java
Mail API and the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework Objectives By the end of this module you will be able to: * Send and read mail using the
Java
Mail API * Deal with sending and receiving attachments * Work with HTML messages * Use search terms to search for messages Prerequisites Instruct
ion
s on how to download and install the
Java
Mail API are contained in the course. In addit
ion
, you will need a development environment such as the
JDK
1.1.6+ or the
Java
2
Platform
,
Standard
Edit
ion
(
J2SE
) 1.2.x or 1.3.x. A general familiarity with object-oriented programming concepts and the
Java
programming language is necessary. The
Java
language essentials tutorial can help. copyright 1996-2000 Magelang Institute dba jGuru Contact jGuru has been dedicated to promoting the growth of the
Java
technology community through evangelism, educat
ion
, and software since 1995. You can find out more about their activities, including their huge collect
ion
of FAQs at jGuru.com . To send feedback to jGuru about this course, send mail to producer@jguru.com . Course author: Formerly with jGuru.com , John Zukowski does strategic
Java
consulting for JZ Ventures, Inc. His latest book is titled
Java
Collect
ion
s from Apress . Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 2 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
2. Introducing the
Java
Mail API What is the
Java
Mail API? The
Java
Mail API is an opt
ion
al package (
standard
extens
ion
) for reading, composing, and sending electronic messages. You use the package to create Mail User Agent (MUA) type programs, similar to Eudora, pine, and Microsoft Outlook. The API's main purpose is not for transporting, delivering, and forwarding messages; this is the purview of applicat
ion
s such as sendmail and other Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) type programs. MUA-type programs let users read and write e-mail, whereas MUAs rely on MTAs to handle the actual delivery. The
Java
Mail API is designed to provide protocol-independent access for sending and receiving messages by dividing the API into two parts: * The first part of the API is the focus of this course --basically, how to send and receive messages independent of the provider/protocol. * The second part speaks the protocol-specific languages, like SMTP, POP, IMAP, and NNTP. With the
Java
Mail API, in order to communicate with a server, you need a provider for a protocol. The creat
ion
of protocol-specific providers is not covered in this course because Sun provides a sufficient set for free. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 3 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
3. Reviewing related protocols Introduct
ion
Before looking into the
Java
Mail API specifics, let's step back and take a look at the protocols used with the API. There are basically four that you'll come to know and love: * SMTP * POP * IMAP * MIME You will also run across NNTP and some others. Understanding the basics of all the protocols will help you understand how to use the
Java
Mail API. While the API is designed to be protocol agnostic, you can't overcome the limitat
ion
s of the underlying protocols. If a capability isn't supported by a chosen protocol, the
Java
Mail API doesn't magically add the capability on top of it. (As you'll soon see, this can be a problem when working with POP.) SMTP The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is defined by RFC 821 . It defines the mechanism for delivery of e-mail. In the context of the
Java
Mail API, your
Java
Mail-based program will communicate with your company or Internet Service Provider's (ISP's) SMTP server. That SMTP server will relay the message on to the SMTP server of the recipient(s) to eventually be acquired by the user(s) through POP or IMAP. This does not require your SMTP server to be an open relay, as authenticat
ion
is supported, but it is your responsibility to ensure the SMTP server is configured properly. There is nothing in the
Java
Mail API for tasks like configuring a server to relay messages or to add and remove e-mail accounts. POP POP stands for Post Office Protocol. Currently in
vers
ion
3, also known as POP3, RFC 1939 defines this protocol. POP is the mechanism most people on the Internet use to get their mail. It defines support for a single mailbox for each user. That is all it does, and that is also the source of a lot of confus
ion
. Much of what people are familiar with when using POP, like the ability to see how many new mail messages they have, are not supported by POP at all. These capabilities are built into programs like Eudora or Microsoft Outlook, which remember things like the last mail received and calculate how many are new for you. So, when using the
Java
Mail API, if you want this type of informat
ion
, you have to calculate it yourself. IMAP IMAP is a more advanced protocol for receiving messages. Defined in RFC 2060 , IMAP stands for Internet Message Access Protocol, and is currently in
vers
ion
4, also known as IMAP4. When using IMAP, your mail server must support the protocol. You can't just change your program to use IMAP instead of POP and expect everything in IMAP to be supported. Assuming your mail server supports IMAP, your
Java
Mail-based program can take Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 4 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks advantage of users having multiple folders on the server and these folders can be shared by multiple users. Due to the more advanced capabilities, you might think IMAP would be used by everyone. It isn't. It places a much heavier burden on the mail server, requiring the server to receive the new messages, deliver them to users when requested, and maintain them in multiple folders for each user. While this does centralize backups, as users' long-term mail folders get larger and larger, everyone suffers when disk space is exhausted. With POP, saved messages get offloaded from the mail server. MIME MIME stands for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extens
ion
s. It is not a mail transfer protocol. Instead, it defines the content of what is transferred: the format of the messages, attachments, and so on. There are many different documents that take effect here: RFC 822 , RFC 2045 , RFC 2046 , and RFC 2047 . As a user of the
Java
Mail API, you usually don't need to worry about these formats. However, these formats do exist and are used by your programs. NNTP and others Because of the split of the
Java
Mail API between provider and everything else, you can easily add support for addit
ion
al protocols. Sun maintains a list of third-party providers that take advantage of protocols for which Sun does not provide out-of-the-box support. You'll find support for NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) [newsgroups], S/MIME (Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extens
ion
s), and more. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 5 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
4. Installing
Java
Mail Introduct
ion
There are two
vers
ion
s of the
Java
Mail API commonly used today: 1.2 and 1.1.3. All the examples in this course will work with both. While 1.2 is the latest, 1.1.3 is the
vers
ion
included with the 1.2.1
vers
ion
of the
Java
2
Platform
, Enterprise
Edit
ion
(J2EE), so it is still commonly used. The
vers
ion
of the
Java
Mail API you want to use affects what you download and install. All will work with
JDK
1.1.6+,
Java
2
Platform
,
Standard
Edit
ion
(
J2SE
)
vers
ion
1.2.x, and
J2SE
vers
ion
1.3.x. Note: After installing Sun's
Java
Mail implementat
ion
, you can find many example programs in the demo directory. Installing
Java
Mail 1.2 To use the
Java
Mail 1.2 API, download the
Java
Mail 1.2 implementat
ion
, unbundle the
java
mail-1_2.zip file, and add the mail.jar file to your CLASSPATH. The 1.2 implementat
ion
comes with an SMTP, IMAP4, and POP3 provider besides the core classes. After installing
Java
Mail 1.2, install the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework. Installing
Java
Mail 1.1.3 To use the
Java
Mail 1.1.3 API, download the
Java
Mail 1.1.3 implementat
ion
, unbundle the
java
mail1_1_3.zip file, and add the mail.jar file to your CLASSPATH. The 1.1.3 implementat
ion
comes with an SMTP and IMAP4 provider, besides the core classes. If you want to access a POP server with
Java
Mail 1.1.3, download and install a POP3 provider. Sun has one available separate from the
Java
Mail implementat
ion
. After downloading and unbundling pop31_1_1.zip, add pop3.jar to your CLASSPATH, too. After installing
Java
Mail 1.1.3, install the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework. Installing the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework All
vers
ion
s of the
Java
Mail API require the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework. The framework adds support for typing arbitrary blocks of data and handling it accordingly. This doesn't sound like much, but it is your basic MIME-type support found in many browsers and mail tools today. After downloading the framework, unbundle the jaf1_0_1.zip file, and add the activat
ion
.jar file to your CLASSPATH. For
Java
Mail 1.2 users, you should now have added mail.jar and activat
ion
.jar to your CLASSPATH. For
Java
Mail 1.1.3 users, you should now have added mail.jar, pop3.jar, and activat
ion
.jar to your CLASSPATH. If you have no plans of using POP3, you don't Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 6 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks need to add pop3.jar to your CLASSPATH. If you don't want to change the CLASSPATH environment variable, copy the jar files to your lib/ext directory under the
Java
Runtime Environment (JRE) directory. For instance, for the
J2SE
1.3 release, the default directory would be C:\
jdk
1.3\jre\lib\ext on a Windows
platform
. Using
Java
Mail with the
Java
2 Enterprise
Edit
ion
If you use J2EE, there is nothing special you have to do to use the basic
Java
Mail API; it comes with the J2EE classes. Just make sure the j2ee.jar file is in your CLASSPATH and you're all set. For J2EE 1.2.1, the POP3 provider comes separately, so download and follow the steps to include the POP3 provider as shown in the previous sect
ion
"Installing
Java
Mail 1.1.3." J2EE 1.3 users get the POP3 provider with J2EE so do not require the separate installat
ion
. Neither installat
ion
requires you to install the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework. Exercise Exercise 1. How to set up a
Java
Mail environment on page 22 Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 7 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
5. Reviewing the core classes Introduct
ion
Before taking a how-to approach at looking at the
Java
Mail classes in depth, this sect
ion
walks you through the core classes that make up the API: Sess
ion
, Message, Address, Authenticator, Transport, Store, and Folder. All these classes are found in the top-level package for the
Java
Mail API,
java
x.mail, though you'll frequently find yourself using subclasses found in the
java
x.mail.internet package. Sess
ion
The Sess
ion
class defines a basic mail sess
ion
. It is through this sess
ion
that everything else works. The Sess
ion
object takes advantage of a
java
.util.Properties object to get informat
ion
like mail server, username, password, and other informat
ion
that can be shared across your entire applicat
ion
. The constructors for the class are private. You can get a single default sess
ion
that can be shared with the getDefaultInstance() method: Properties props = new Properties(); // fill props with any informat
ion
Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); Or, you can create a unique sess
ion
with getInstance(): Properties props = new Properties(); // fill props with any informat
ion
Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); In both cases, the null argument is an Authenticator object that is not being used at this time. In most cases, it is sufficient to use the shared sess
ion
, even if working with mail sess
ion
s for multiple user mailboxes. You can add the username and password combinat
ion
in at a later step in the communicat
ion
process, keeping everything separate. Message Once you have your Sess
ion
object, it is time to move on to creating the message to send. This is done with a type of Message . Because Message is an abstract class, you must work with a subclass, in most cases
java
x.mail.internet.MimeMessage .A MimeMessage is an e-mail message that understands MIME types and headers, as defined in the different RFCs. Message headers are restricted to US-ASCII characters only, though non-ASCII characters can be encoded in certain header fields. To create a Message, pass along the Sess
ion
object to the MimeMessage constructor: MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 8 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Note: There are other constructors, like for creating messages from RFC822-formatted input streams. Once you have your message, you can set its parts, as Message implements the Part interface (with MimeMessage implementing MimePart ). The basic mechanism to set the content is the setContent() method, with arguments for the content and the mime type: message.setContent("Hello", "text/plain"); If, however, you know you are working with a MimeMessage and your message is plain text, you can use its setText() method, which only requires the actual content, defaulting to the MIME type of text/plain: message.setText("Hello"); For plain text messages, the latter form is the preferred mechanism to set the content. For sending other kinds of messages, like HTML messages, use the former. For setting the subject, use the setSubject() method: message.setSubject("First"); Address Once you've created the Sess
ion
and the Message, as well as filled the message with content, it is time to address your letter with an Address . Like Message, Address is an abstract class. You use the
java
x.mail.internet.InternetAddress class. To create an address with just the e-mail address, pass the e-mail address to the constructor: Address address = new InternetAddress("president@whitehouse.gov"); If you want a name to appear next to the e-mail address, you can pass that along to the constructor, too: Address address = new InternetAddress("president@whitehouse.gov", "George Bush"); You will need to create address objects for the message's from field as well as the to field. Unless your mail server prevents you, there is nothing stopping you from sending a message that appears to be from anyone. Once you've created the addresses, you connect them to a message in one of two ways. For identifying the sender, you use the setFrom() and setReplyTo() methods. message.setFrom(address) If your message needs to show multiple from addresses, use the addFrom() method: Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 9 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Address address[] = ...; message.addFrom(address); For identifying the message recipients, you use the addRecipient() method. This method requires a Message.RecipientType besides the address. message.addRecipient(type, address) The three predefined types of address are: * Message.RecipientType.TO * Message.RecipientType.CC * Message.RecipientType.BCC So, if the message was to go to the vice president, sending a carbon copy to the first lady, the following would be appropriate: Address toAddress = new InternetAddress("vice.president@whitehouse.gov"); Address ccAddress = new InternetAddress("first.lady@whitehouse.gov"); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.CC, ccAddress); The
Java
Mail API provides no mechanism to check for the validity of an e-mail address. While you can program in support to scan for valid characters (as defined by RFC 822) or verify the MX (mail exchange) record yourself, these are all beyond the scope of the
Java
Mail API. Authenticator Like the
java
.net classes, the
Java
Mail API can take advantage of an Authenticator to access protected resources via a username and password. For the
Java
Mail API, that resource is the mail server. The
Java
Mail Authenticator is found in the
java
x.mail package and is different from the
java
.net class of the same name. The two don't share the same Authenticator as the
Java
Mail API works with
Java
1.1, which didn't have the
java
.net variety. To use the Authenticator, you subclass the abstract class and return a PasswordAuthenticat
ion
instance from the getPasswordAuthenticat
ion
() method. You must register the Authenticator with the sess
ion
when created. Then, your Authenticator will be notified when authenticat
ion
is necessary. You could pop up a window or read the username and password from a configurat
ion
file (though if not encrypted is not secure), returning them to the caller as a PasswordAuthenticat
ion
object. Properties props = new Properties(); // fill props with any informat
ion
Authenticator auth = new MyAuthenticator(); Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, auth); Transport The final part of sending a message is to use the Transport class. This class speaks the Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 10 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks protocol-specific language for sending the message (usually SMTP). It's an abstract class and works something like Sess
ion
. You can use the default
vers
ion
of the class by just calling the static send() method: Transport.send(message); Or, you can get a specific instance from the sess
ion
for your protocol, pass along the username and password (blank if unnecessary), send the message, and close the connect
ion
: message.saveChanges(); // implicit with send() Transport transport = sess
ion
.getTransport("smtp"); transport.connect(host, username, password); transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients()); transport.close(); This latter way is best when you need to send multiple messages, as it will keep the connect
ion
with the mail server active between messages. The basic send() mechanism makes a separate connect
ion
to the server for each method call. Note: To watch the mail commands go by to the mail server, set the debug flag with sess
ion
.setDebug(true). Store and folder Getting messages starts similarly to sending messages with a Sess
ion
. However, after getting the sess
ion
, you connect to a Store , quite possibly with a username and password or Authenticator. Like Transport, you tell the Store what protocol to use: // Store store = sess
ion
.getStore("imap"); Store store = sess
ion
.getStore("pop3"); store.connect(host, username, password); After connecting to the Store, you can then get a Folder , which must be opened before you can read messages from it: Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX"); folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY); Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); For POP3, the only folder available is the INBOX. If you are using IMAP, you can have other folders available. Note: Sun's providers are meant to be smart. While Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); might look like a slow operat
ion
reading every message from the server, only when you actually need to get a part of the message is the message content retrieved. Once you have a Message to read, you can get its content with getContent() or write its content to a stream with writeTo(). The getContent() method only gets the message content, while writeTo() output includes headers. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 11 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks System.out.println(((MimeMessage)message).getContent()); Once you're done reading mail, close the connect
ion
to the folder and store. folder.close(aBoolean); store.close(); The boolean passed to the close() method of folder states whether or not to update the folder by removing deleted messages. Moving on Essentially, understanding how to use these seven classes is all you need for nearly everything with the
Java
Mail API. Most of the other capabilities of the
Java
Mail API build off these seven classes to do something a little different or in a particular way, like if the content is an attachment. Certain tasks, like searching, are isolated and are discussed later. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 12 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
6. Using the
Java
Mail API Introduct
ion
You've seen how to work with the core parts of the
Java
Mail API. In the following sect
ion
s you'll find a how-to approach for connecting the pieces to do specific tasks. Sending messages Sending an e-mail message involves getting a sess
ion
, creating and filling a message, and sending it. You can specify your SMTP server by setting the mail.smtp.host property for the Properties object passed when getting the Sess
ion
: String host = ...; String from = ...; String to = ...; // Get system properties Properties props = System.getProperties(); // Setup mail server props.put("mail.smtp.host", host); // Get sess
ion
Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); // Define message MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); message.setSubject("Hello
Java
Mail"); message.setText("Welcome to
Java
Mail"); // Send message Transport.send(message); You should place the code in a try-catch block, as setting up the message and sending it can throw except
ion
s. Exercise: Exercise 2. How to send your first message on page 23 Fetching messages For reading mail, you get a sess
ion
, get and connect to an appropriate store for your mailbox, open the appropriate folder, and get your messages. Also, don't forget to close the connect
ion
when done. String host = ...; String username = ...; String password = ...; // Create empty properties Properties props = new Properties(); // Get sess
ion
Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 13 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks // Get the store Store store = sess
ion
.getStore("pop3"); store.connect(host, username, password); // Get folder Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX"); folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY); // Get directory Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); for (int i=0, n=message.length; i
ion folder.close(false); store.close(); What you do with each message is up to you. The above code block just displays whom the message is from and the subject. Technically speaking, the list of from addresses could be empty and the getFrom()[0] call could throw an except
ion
. To display the whole message, you can prompt the user after seeing the from and subject fields, and then call the message's writeTo() method if the user wants to see it. BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader ( new InputStreamReader(System.in)); // Get directory Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); for (int i=0, n=message.length; i
JavaMail API Page 14 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Just because a flag exists doesn't mean the flag is supported by all mail servers or providers. For instance, except for deleting messages, the POP protocol supports none of them. Checking for new mail is not a POP task but a task built into mail clients. To find out what flags are supported, ask the folder with getPermanentFlags(). To delete messages, you set the message's DELETED flag: message.setFlag(Flags.Flag.DELETED, true); Open up the folder in READ_WRITE mode first though: folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE); Then, when you are done processing all messages, close the folder, passing in a true value to expunge the deleted messages. folder.close(true); There is an expunge() method of Folder that can be used to delete the messages. However, it doesn't work for Sun's POP3 provider. Other providers may or may not implement the capabilities. It will more than likely be implemented for IMAP providers. Because POP only supports single access to the mailbox, you have to close the folder to delete the messages with Sun's provider. To unset a flag, just pass false to the setFlag() method. To see if a flag is set, check it with isSet(). Authenticating yourself You learned that you can use an Authenticator to prompt for username and password when needed, instead of passing them in as strings. Here you'll actually see how to more fully use authenticat
ion
. Instead of connecting to the Store with the host, username, and password, you configure the Properties to have the host, and tell the Sess
ion
about your custom Authenticator instance, as shown here: // Setup properties Properties props = System.getProperties(); props.put("mail.pop3.host", host); // Setup authenticat
ion
, get sess
ion
Authenticator auth = new PopupAuthenticator(); Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, auth); // Get the store Store store = sess
ion
.getStore("pop3"); store.connect(); You then subclass Authenticator and return a PasswordAuthenticat
ion
object from the getPasswordAuthenticat
ion
() method. The following is one such implementat
ion
, with a single field for both. (This isn't a Project Swing tutorial; just enter the two parts in the one field, separated by a comma.) Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 15 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks import
java
x.mail.*; import
java
x.swing.*; import
java
.util.*; public class PopupAuthenticator extends Authenticator { public PasswordAuthenticat
ion
getPasswordAuthenticat
ion
() { String username, password; String result = JOpt
ion
Pane.showInputDialog( "Enter 'username,password'"); StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(result, ","); username = st.nextToken(); password = st.nextToken(); return new PasswordAuthenticat
ion
(username, password); } } Because the PopupAuthenticator relies on Swing, it will start up the event-handling thread for AWT. This basically requires you to add a call to System.exit() in your code to stop the program. Replying to messages The Message class includes a reply() method to configure a new Message with the proper recipient and subject, adding "Re: " if not already there. This does not add any content to the message, only copying the from or reply-to header to the new recipient. The method takes a boolean parameter indicating whether to reply to only the sender (false) or reply to all (true). MimeMessage reply = (MimeMessage)message.reply(false); reply.setFrom(new InternetAddress("president@whitehouse.gov")); reply.setText("Thanks"); Transport.send(reply); To configure the reply-to address when sending a message, use the setReplyTo() method. Exercise: Exercise 4. How to reply to mail on page 27 Forwarding messages Forwarding messages is a little more involved. There is no single method to call, and you build up the message to forward by working with the parts that make up a message. A mail message can be made up of multiple parts. Each part is a BodyPart , or more specifically, a MimeBodyPart when working with MIME messages. The different body parts get combined into a container called Multipart or, again, more specifically a MimeMultipart . To forward a message, you create one part for the text of your message and a second part with the message to forward, and combine the two into a multipart. Then you add the multipart to a properly addressed message and send it. That's essentially it. To copy the content from one message to another, just copy over its Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 16 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks DataHandler , a class from the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework. // Create the message to forward Message forward = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); // Fill in header forward.setSubject("Fwd: " + message.getSubject()); forward.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); forward.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); // Create your new message part BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); messageBodyPart.setText( "Here you go with the original message:\n\n"); // Create a multi-part to combine the parts Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Create and fill part for the forwarded content messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(message.getDataHandler()); // Add part to multi part multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Associate multi-part with message forward.setContent(multipart); // Send message Transport.send(forward); Working with attachments Attachments are resources associated with a mail message, usually kept outside of the message like a text file, spreadsheet, or image. As with common mail programs like Eudora and pine, you can attach resources to your mail message with the
Java
Mail API and get those attachments when you receive the message. Sending attachments: Sending attachments is quite like forwarding messages. You build up the parts to make the complete message. After the first part, your message text, you add other parts where the DataHandler for each is your attachment, instead of the shared handler in the case of a forwarded message. If you are reading the attachment from a file, your attachment data source is a FileDataSource . Reading from a URL, it is a URLDataSource . Once you have your DataSource, just pass it on to the DataHandler constructor, before finally attaching it to the BodyPart with setDataHandler(). Assuming you want to retain the original filename for the attachment, the last thing to do is to set the filename associated with the attachment with the setFileName() method of BodyPart. All this is shown here: // Define message Message message = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); message.setSubject("Hello
Java
Mail Attachment"); // Create the message part BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); // Fill the message messageBodyPart.setText("Pardon Ideas"); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 17 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Part two is attachment messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Put parts in message message.setContent(multipart); // Send the message Transport.send(message); When including attachments with your messages, if your program is a servlet, your users must upload the attachment besides telling you where to send the message. Uploading each file can be handled with a form encoding type of multipart/form-data.
ion="/myservlet">
Note: Message size is limited by your SMTP server, not the
Java
Mail API. If you run into problems, consider increasing the
Java
heap size by setting the ms and mx parameters. Exercise: Exercise 5. How to send attachments on page 28 Getting attachments: Getting attachments out of your messages is a little more involved then sending them because MIME has no simple not
ion
of attachments. The content of your message is a Multipart object when it has attachments. You then need to process each Part, to get the main content and the attachment(s). Parts marked with a disposit
ion
of Part.ATTACHMENT from part.getDisposit
ion
() are clearly attachments. However, attachments can also come across with no disposit
ion
(and a non-text MIME type) or a disposit
ion
of Part.INLINE. When the disposit
ion
is either Part.ATTACHMENT or Part.INLINE, you can save off the content for that message part. Just get the original filename with getFileName() and the input stream with getInputStream(). Multipart mp = (Multipart)message.getContent(); for (int i=0, n=multipart.getCount(); i
ion = part.getDisposit
ion
(); if ((disposit
ion
!= null) && ((disposit
ion
.equals(Part.ATTACHMENT) || (disposit
ion
.equals(Part.INLINE))) { saveFile(part.getFileName(), part.getInputStream()); } } The saveFile() method just creates a File from the filename, reads the bytes from the input stream, and writes them off to the file. In case the file already exists, a number is added to the end of the filename until one is found that doesn't exist. // from saveFile() File file = new File(filename); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 18 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks for (int i=0; file.exists(); i++) { file = new File(filename+i); } The code above covers the simplest case where message parts are flagged appropriately. To cover all cases, handle when the disposit
ion
is null and get the MIME type of the part to handle accordingly. if (disposit
ion
== null) { // Check if plain MimeBodyPart mbp = (MimeBodyPart)part; if (mbp.isMimeType("text/plain")) { // Handle plain } else { // Special non-attachment cases here of image/gif, text/html, ... } ... } Processing HTML messages Sending HTML-based messages can be a little more work than sending plain text message, though it doesn't have to be that much more work. It all depends on your specific requirements. Sending HTML messages: If all you need to do is send the equivalent of an HTML file as the message and let the mail reader worry about fetching any embedded images or related pieces, use the setContent() method of Message, passing along the content as a String and setting the content type to text/html. String htmlText = "
Hello
" + "
"; message.setContent(htmlText, "text/html")); On the receiving end, if you fetch the message with the
Java
Mail API, there is nothing built into the API to display the message as HTML. The
Java
Mail API only sees it as a stream of bytes. To display the message as HTML, you must either use the Swing J
Edit
orPane or some third-party HTML viewer component. if (message.getContentType().equals("text/html")) { String content = (String)message.getContent(); JFrame frame = new JFrame(); J
Edit
orPane text = new J
Edit
orPane("text/html", content); text.set
Edit
able(false); JScrollPane pane = new JScrollPane(text); frame.getContentPane().add(pane); frame.setSize(300, 300); frame.setDefaultCloseOperat
ion
(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); frame.show(); } Including images with your messages: On the other hand, if you want your HTML content message to be complete, with embedded images included as part of the message, you must treat the image as an attachment and reference the image with a special cid URL, where the cid is a reference to the Content-ID header of the image attachment. The process of embedding an image is quite similar to attaching a file to a message, the only Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 19 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks difference is you have to tell the MimeMultipart that the parts are related by setting its subtype in the constructor (or with setSubType()) and set the Content-ID header for the image to a random string which is used as the src for the image in the img tag. The following demonstrates this completely. String file = ...; // Create the message Message message = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); // Fill its headers message.setSubject("Embedded Image"); message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); // Create your new message part BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); String htmlText = "
Hello
" + "
"; messageBodyPart.setContent(htmlText, "text/html"); // Create a related multi-part to combine the parts MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("related"); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Create part for the image messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); // Fetch the image and associate to part DataSource fds = new FileDataSource(file); messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds)); messageBodyPart.setHeader("Content-ID","memememe"); // Add part to multi-part multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); // Associate multi-part with message message.setContent(multipart); Exercise: Exercise 6. How to send HTML messages with images on page 29 Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 20 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
7. Searching with SearchTerm Introduct
ion
The
Java
Mail API includes a filtering mechanism found in the
java
x.mail.search package to build up a SearchTerm . Once built, you then ask a Folder what messages match, retrieving an array of Message objects: SearchTerm st = ...; Message[] msgs = folder.search(st); There are 22 different classes available to help you build a search term. * AND terms (class AndTerm) * OR terms (class OrTerm) * NOT terms (class NotTerm) * SENT DATE terms (class SentDateTerm) * CONTENT terms (class BodyTerm) * HEADER terms (FromTerm / FromStringTerm, RecipientTerm / RecipientStringTerm, SubjectTerm, etc..) Essentially, you build up a logical express
ion
for matching messages, then search. For instance the following term searches for messages with a (partial) subject string of ADV or a from field of friend@public.com. You might consider periodically running this query and automatically deleting any messages returned. SearchTerm st = new OrTerm( new SubjectTerm("ADV:"), new FromStringTerm("friend@public.com")); Message[] msgs = folder.search(st); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 21 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
8. Exercises About the exercises These exercises are designed to provide help according to your needs. For example, you might simply complete the exercise given the informat
ion
and the task list in the exercise body; you might want a few hints; or you may want a step-by-step guide to successfully complete a particular exercise. You can use as much or as little help as you need per exercise. Moreover, because complete solut
ion
s are also provided, you can skip a few exercises and still be able to complete future exercises requiring the skipped ones. Each exercise has a list of any prerequisite exercises, a list of skeleton code for you to start with, links to necessary API pages, and a text descript
ion
of the exercise goal. In addit
ion
, there is help for each task and a solut
ion
s page with links to files that comprise a solut
ion
to the exercise. Exercise 1. How to set up a
Java
Mail environment In this exercise you will install Sun's
Java
Mail reference implementat
ion
. After installing, you will be introduced to the demonstrat
ion
programs that come with the reference implementat
ion
. Task 1: Download the latest
vers
ion
of the
Java
Mail API implementat
ion
from Sun. Task 2: Download the latest
vers
ion
of the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework from Sun. Task 3: Unzip the downloaded packages. You get a ZIP file for all
platform
s for both packages. Help for task 3: You can use the jar tool to unzip the packages. Task 4: Add the mail.jar file from the
Java
Mail 1.2 download and the activat
ion
.jar file from the
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework download to your CLASSPATH. Help for task 4: Copy the files to your extens
ion
library directory. For Microsoft Windows, using the default installat
ion
copy, the command might look like the following: cd \
java
mail-1.2 copy mail.jar \
jdk
1.3\jre\lib\ext cd \jaf-1.0.1 copy activat
ion
.jar \
jdk
1.3\jre\lib\ext If you don't like copying the files to the extens
ion
library directory, detailed instruct
ion
s are available from Sun for setting your CLASSPATH on Windows NT. Task 5: Go into the demo directory that comes with the
Java
Mail API implementat
ion
and compile the msgsend program to send a test message. Help for task 5:
java
c msgsend.
java
Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 22 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Task 6: Execute the program passing in a from address with the -o opt
ion
, your SMTP server with the -M opt
ion
, and the to address (with no opt
ion
). You'll then enter the subject, the text of your message, and the end-of-file character (CTRL-Z) to signal the end of the message input. Help for task 6: Be sure to replace the from address, SMTP server, and to address.
java
msgsend -o from@address -M SMTP.Server to@address If you are not sure of your SMTP server, contact your system administrator or check with your Internet Service Provider. Task 7: Check to make sure you received the message with your normal mail reader (Eudora, Outlook Express, pine, ...). Exercise 1. How to set up a
Java
Mail environment: Solut
ion
Upon successful complet
ion
, the
Java
Mail reference implementat
ion
will be in your CLASSPATH. Exercise 2. How to send your first message In the last exercise you sent a mail message using the demonstrat
ion
program provided with the
Java
Mail implementat
ion
. In this exercise, you'll create the program yourself. For more help with exercises, see About the exercises on page 22 . Prerequisites: * Exercise 1. How to set up a
Java
Mail environment on page 22 Skeleton code: * MailExample.
java
Task 1: Starting with the skeleton code , get the system Properties. Help for task 1: Properties props = System.getProperties(); Task 2: Add the name of your SMTP server to the properties for the mail.smtp.host key. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 23 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Help for task 2: props.put("mail.smtp.host", host); Task 3: Get a Sess
ion
object based on the Properties. Help for task 3: Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); Task 4: Create a MimeMessage from the sess
ion
. Help for task 4: MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(sess
ion
); Task 5: Set the from field of the message. Help for task 5: message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); Task 6: Set the to field of the message. Help for task 6: message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to)); Task 7: Set the subject of the message. Help for task 7: message.setSubject("Hello
Java
Mail"); Task 8: Set the content of the message. Help for task 8: message.setText("Welcome to
Java
Mail"); Task 9: Use a Transport to send the message. Help for task 9: Transport.send(message); Task 10: Compile and run the program, passing your SMTP server, from address, and to address on the command line. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 24 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Help for task 10:
java
MailExample SMTP.Server from@address to@address Task 11: Check to make sure you received the message with your normal mail reader (Eudora, Outlook Express, pine, ...). Exercise 2. How to send your first message: Solut
ion
The following
Java
source file represents a solut
ion
to this exercise: * Solut
ion
/MailExample.
java
Exercise 3. How to check for mail In this exercise, create a program that displays the from address and subject for each message and prompts to display the message content. For more help with exercises, see About the exercises on page 22 . Prerequisites: * Exercise 1. How to set up a
Java
Mail environment on page 22 Skeleton Code * GetMessageExample.
java
Task 1: Starting with the skeleton code , get or create a Properties object. Help for task 1: Properties props = new Properties(); Task 2: Get a Sess
ion
object based on the Properties. Help for task 2: Sess
ion
sess
ion
= Sess
ion
.getDefaultInstance(props, null); Task 3: Get a Store for your e-mail protocol, either pop3 or imap. Help for task 3: Store store = sess
ion
.getStore("pop3"); Task 4: Connect to your mail host's store with the appropriate username and password. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 25 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Help for task 4: store.connect(host, username, password); Task 5: Get the folder you want to read. More than likely, this will be the INBOX. Help for task 5: Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX"); Task 6: Open the folder read-only. Help for task 6: folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY); Task 7: Get a directory of the messages in the folder. Save the message list in an array variable named message. Help for task 7: Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); Task 8: For each message, display the from field and the subject. Help for task 8: System.out.println(i + ": " + message[i].getFrom()[0] + "\t" + message[i].getSubject()); Task 9: Display the message content when prompted. Help for task 9: System.out.println(message[i].getContent()); Task 10: Close the connect
ion
to the folder and store. Help for task 10: folder.close(false); store.close(); Task 11: Compile and run the program, passing your mail server, username, and password on the command line. Answer YES to the messages you want to read. Just hit ENTER if you don't. If you want to stop reading your mail before making your way through all the messages, enter QUIT. Help for task 11:
java
GetMessageExample POP.Server username password Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 26 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Exercise 3. How to check for mail: Solut
ion
The following
Java
source file represents a solut
ion
to this exercise. * Solut
ion
/GetMessageExample.
java
Exercise 4. How to reply to mail In this exercise, create a program that creates a canned reply message and attaches the original message if it's plain text. For more help with exercises, see About the exercises on page 22 . Prerequisites: * Exercise 3. How to check for mail on page 25 Skeleton Code: * ReplyExample.
java
Task 1: The skeleton code already includes the code to get the list of messages from the folder and prompt you to create a reply. Task 2: When answered affirmatively, create a new MimeMessage from the original message. Help for task 2: MimeMessage reply = (MimeMessage)message[i].reply(false); Task 3: Set the from field to your e-mail address. Task 4: Create the text for the reply. Include a canned message to start. When the original message is plain text, add each line of the original message, prefix each line with the "> " characters. Help for task 4: To check for plain text messages, check the messages MIME type with mimeMessage.isMimeType("text/plain"). Task 5: Set the message's content, once the message content is fully determined. Task 6: Send the message. Task 7: Compile and run the program, passing your mail server, SMTP server, username, password, and from address on the command line. Answer YES to the messages you want to send replies. Just hit ENTER if you don't. If you want to stop going through your mail before Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 27 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks making your way through all the messages, enter QUIT. Help for task 7:
java
ReplyExample POP.Server SMTP.Server username password from@address Task 8: Check to make sure you received the message with your normal mail reader (Eudora, Outlook Express, pine, ...). Exercise 4. How to reply to mail: Solut
ion
The following
Java
source file represents a solut
ion
to this exercise. * Solut
ion
/ReplyExample.
java
Exercise 5. How to send attachments In this exercise, create a program that sends a message with an attachment. For more help with exercises, see About the exercises on page 22 . Prerequisites: * Exercise 2. How to send your first message on page 23 Skeleton Code: * AttachExample.
java
Task 1: The skeleton code already includes the code to get the initial mail sess
ion
. Task 2: From the sess
ion
, get a Message and set its header fields: to, from, and subject. Task 3: Create a BodyPart for the main message content and fill its content with the text of the message. Help for task 3: BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); messageBodyPart.setText("Here's the file"); Task 4: Create a Multipart to combine the main content with the attachment. Add the main content to the multipart. Help for task 4: Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 28 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Task 5: Create a second BodyPart for the attachment. Task 6: Get the attachment as a DataSource. Help for task 6: DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); Task 7: Set the DataHandler for the message part to the data source. Carry the original filename along. Help for task 7: messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename); Task 8: Add the second part of the message to the multipart. Task 9: Set the content of the message to the multipart. Help for task 9: message.setContent(multipart); Task 10: Send the message. Task 11: Compile and run the program, passing your SMTP server, from address, to address, and filename on the command line. This will send the file as an attachment. Help for task 11:
java
AttachExample SMTP.Server from@address to@address filename Task 12: Check to make sure you received the message with your normal mail reader (Eudora, Outlook Express, pine, ...). Exercise 5. How to send attachments: Solut
ion
The following
Java
source file represents a solut
ion
to this exercise. * Solut
ion
/AttachExample.
java
Exercise 6. How to send HTML messages with images In this exercise, create a program that sends an HTML message with an image attachment where the image is displayed within the HTML message. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 29 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks For more help with exercises, see About the exercises on page 22 . Prerequisites: * Exercise 5. How to send attachments on page 28 Skeleton code: * logo.gif * HtmlImageExample.
java
Task 1: The skeleton code already includes the code to get the initial mail sess
ion
, create the main message, and fill its headers (to, from, subject). Task 2: Create a BodyPart for the HTML message content. Task 3: Create a text string of the HTML content. Include a reference in the HTML to an image (
) that is local to the mail message. Help for task 3: Use a cid URL. The content-id will need to be specified for the image later. String htmlText = "
Hello
" + "
"; Task 4: Set the content of the message part. Be sure to specify the MIME type is text/html. Help for task 4: messageBodyPart.setContent(htmlText, "text/html"); Task 5: Create a Multipart to combine the main content with the attachment. Be sure to specify that the parts are related. Add the main content to the multipart. Help for task 5: MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("related"); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); Task 6: Create a second BodyPart for the attachment. Task 7: Get the attachment as a DataSource, and set the DataHandler for the message part to the data source. Task 8: Set the Content-ID header for the part to match the image reference specified in the HTML. Help for task 8: messageBodyPart.setHeader("Content-ID","memememe"); Task 9: Add the second part of the message to the multipart, and set the content of the Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 30 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks message to the multipart. Task 10: Send the message. Task 11: Compile and run the program, passing your SMTP server, from address, to address, and filename on the command line. This will send the images as an inline image within the HTML text. Help for task 11:
java
HtmlImageExample SMTP.Server from@address to@address filename Task 12: Check if your mail reader recognizes the message as HTML and displays the image within the message, instead of as a link to an external attachment file. Help for task 12: If your mail reader can't display HTML messages, consider sending the message to a friend. Exercise 6. How to send HTML messages with images: Solut
ion
The following
Java
source files represent a solut
ion
to this exercise. * Solut
ion
/logo.gif * Solut
ion
/HtmlImageExample.
java
Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 31 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Sect
ion
9. Wrapup In summary The
Java
Mail API is a
Java
package used for reading, composing, and sending e-mail messages and their attachments. It lets you build
standard
s-based e-mail clients that employ various Internet mail protocols, including SMTP, POP, IMAP, and MIME, as well as related protocols such as NNTP, S/MIME, and others. The API divides naturally into two parts. The first focuses on sending, receiving, and managing messages independent of the protocol used, whereas the second focuses on specific use of the protocols. The purpose of this tutorial was to show how to use the first part of the API, without attempting to deal with protocol providers. The core
Java
Mail API consists of seven classes --Sess
ion
, Message, Address, Authenticator, Transport, Store, and Folder --all of which are found in
java
x.mail, the top-level package for the
Java
Mail API. We used these classes to work through a number of common e-mail-related tasks, including sending messages, retrieving messages, deleting messages, authenticating, replying to messages, forwarding messages, managing attachments, processing HTML-based messages, and searching or filtering mail lists. Finally, we provided a number of step-by-step exercises to help illustrate the concepts presented. Hopefully, this will help you add e-mail funct
ion
ality to your
platform
-independent
Java
applicat
ion
s. Resources You can do much more with the
Java
Mail API than what's found here. The lessons and exercises found here can be supplemented by the following resources: * Download the
Java
Mail 1.2 API from the
Java
Mail API home page . * The
Java
Beans Activat
ion
Framework is required for
vers
ion
s 1.2 and 1.1.3 of the
Java
Mail API. * The
Java
Mail-interest mailing list is a Sun-hosted discuss
ion
forum for developers. * Sun's
Java
Mail FAQ addresses the use of
Java
Mail in applets and servlets, as well as prototol-specific quest
ion
s. * Tutorial author John Zukowski maintains jGuru's
Java
Mail FAQ . * Want to see how others are using
Java
Mail? Check out Sun's list of third-party products. * If you want more detail about
Java
Mail, read Rick Grehan's "How
Java
Mail keeps it simple" (Lotus Developer Network, June 2000). * Benoit Marchal shows how to use
Java
and XML to produce plain text and HTML newsletters in this two-part series, "Managing e-zines with
Java
Mail and XSLT" Part 1 (developerWorks, March 2001) and Part 2 (developerWorks, April 2001). * "Linking Applicat
ion
s with E-mail" (Lotus Developer Network, May 2000) discusses how groupware can facilitate communicat
ion
, collaborat
ion
, and coordinat
ion
among applicat
ion
s. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 32 Presented by developerWorks, your source for great tutorials ibm.com/developerWorks Feedback Please let us know whether this tutorial was helpful to you and how we could make it better. We'd also like to hear about other tutorial topics you'd like to see covered. Thanks! For quest
ion
s about the content of this tutorial, contact the author John Zukowski ( jaz@zukowski.net ) Colophon This tutorial was written entirely in XML, using the developerWorks Toot-O-Matic tutorial generator. The Toot-O-Matic tool is a short
Java
program that uses XSLT stylesheets to convert the XML source into a number of HTML pages, a zip file, JPEG heading graphics, and PDF files. Our ability to generate multiple text and binary formats from a single source file illustrates the power and flexibility of XML. Fundamentals of the
Java
Mail API Page 33
一文彻底搞懂令人疑惑的
Java
和
JDK
的版本命名!
告诉庆哥,你对
Java
的版本号以及
JDK
的命名真正清楚嘛?比如:
Java
8
Java
SE 8.0
JDK
1.8 …… 知道这些是怎么回事嘛?知道还有个
Java
2的说法嘛?知道还有以下说法嘛?
J2SE
1.3
J2SE
1.4 …… 现在已经6月份了,到了9月份,一个新的长期支持版本,
Java
17就要发布了,啥?
Java
版本都到17了?不不不,我一直在用
JDK
1.8啊,咦,
JDK
1.8?
Java
17? 这是怎么回事呢?别着急,今天庆哥带你彻底搞懂这些蜜汁操作!
Java
版本和
JDK
版本 要搞懂这
转行做IT-第一阶段
Java
基础入门课程
J2se
本套餐课程
包含
计算机基础、HTML+CSS从入门到精通、
Java
基础入门、IDEA开发应用、Mysql基础、JDBC连接数据库等。
Java
各个版本区别
参考资料 一文彻底搞懂令人疑惑的
Java
和
JDK
的版本命名!
Java
–
Java
版本和
JDK
版本 1.
Java
SE、
java
EE、
Java
ME三个版本 1.1
Java
SE(
Java
Platform
,
Standard
Edit
ion
)
Java
标准版
Java
SE 是做电脑上运行的软件。
Java
se 以前称为
J2SE
。它允许开发和部署在桌面、服务器、嵌入式环境和实时环境中使用的
Java
应用程序。
Java
SE是基础包,但是也
包含
了支持
Java
Web 服务开发的类,并为
Java
P
Java
2
Standard
Edit
ion
(
J2SE
)
JDK
/JRE 5.0 Update 3
http://
java
.sun.com/
j2se
/1.5.0/index.jspWhats New --> April 28, 2005
J2SE
5.0 Update 3 Now Available » Read more http://
java
.sun.com/
j2se
/1.5.0/download.jspChanges in 1.5.0_03The official
vers
ion
numb
Java SE
62,614
社区成员
307,326
社区内容
发帖
与我相关
我的任务
Java SE
Java 2 Standard Edition
复制链接
扫一扫
分享
社区描述
Java 2 Standard Edition
社区管理员
加入社区
获取链接或二维码
近7日
近30日
至今
加载中
查看更多榜单
社区公告
暂无公告
试试用AI创作助手写篇文章吧
+ 用AI写文章