去除这样验证码的干扰线，大家有什么好的思路吗？

2013-02-05 12:03:23 9.3k 阅读 AI 写同款 · GEO 优化AI 选题数据监测一键分发 ›

简单的验证码识别这是我尝试写的第一篇技术博客，借鉴了很多博客和教程，写出了自己的代码，代码较为冗杂而且程序十分耗时。所以本文主要提供验证码识别的一个简单的思路，代码实现的部分还望各位大佬指点。看了好几篇验证码图片识别的博文，不难归纳出验证码识别的大概思路是收集训练集——&gt;图像处理——&gt;得到图片特征值——&gt;训练——&gt;识别，其中图像处理部分又包括了灰度化、二值化、去噪、分割等过程。本文... 阅读详情

去除这样验证码的干扰线，大家有什么好的思路吗？说下思路就行

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Tensorflow2.0+版本实现图形验证码的自动识别目录二维码的制作准备全部数据生成随机颜色画干扰线和干扰点画出验证码，保存整个验证代码tensorflow识别处理图片生成数据集对图片优化二维码的制作这里就大概过一下，代码在makeVerification.py文件里面。使用的PIL，生成验证码。 PIL：是python image library的缩写，图像处理的模块。主要的类包括image，imageFont，imageDraw，imageFilter 验证码制作，无非就是在一堆想要出现的数字字母里面，随机生成几个，但又为了不让轻意，加了干扰线干扰阅读详情

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yiyefangzhou24 2013-07-16

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引用 9 楼 zhao4zhong1 的回复:

'接上帖
Private Function recognize() As String
    t = 2 '上面3行空白
    l = 1 '左边1列空白
    w = 11 '每个数字宽11像素
    h = 13 '每个数字高13像素
    g = 11 '两个数字相距11像素
    r = "xxxx"
    On Error GoTo RERR
    Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture(FPFN)
    For n = 0 To 3
        s = ""
        For y = 0 To h - 1
            For x = 0 To w - 1
                'Debug.Print " "; Right("00000000" + Hex(Picture1.Point(n * w + x, t + y)), 8);
                b = ColorDistance(Picture1.Point(l + n * g + x, t + y), &HE6AFBE)
                'Debug.Print " "; Right(" " + CStr(b), 2); " ";
                If b < 30 Then
                    Debug.Print "-";
                    s = s + "-"
                Else
                    Debug.Print "O";
                    s = s + "O"
                End If
                Picture1.PSet (l + n * g + x, t + y), RGB(255, 0, 0)
            Next
            Debug.Print
        Next
        Debug.Print
        For i = 0 To 9
            a = 0
            For j = 0 To h - 1
                For k = 0 To w - 1
                    c1 = Mid(s, 1 + j * w + k, 1)
                    c2 = Mid(nm(i), 1 + j * w + k, 1)
                    If c1 = c2 Then
                        a = a + 1
                    End If
                Next
            Next
            aa(i) = a
            Debug.Print i, a
        Next
        maxi = -1
        maxa = 0
        For i = 0 To 9
            If maxa < aa(i) Then
                maxi = i
                maxa = aa(i)
            End If
        Next
        If maxa >= 100 Then
            Mid(r, n + 1, 1) = CStr(maxi)
        End If
    Next
RERR:
    recognize = r
    Label1.Caption = r
    Exit Function
End Function

Private Sub Timer1_Timer()
Dim f As Integer
On Error Resume Next
        If LCase(Right(FPFN, 4)) = ".bmp" Then
            f = FreeFile()
            Open FPFN + ".txt" For Output As #f
            Print #f, recognize()
            Close #f
            End
        Else
            logtofile "[" + FPFN + "] is not .bmp file!"
        End If
End Sub
Public Function FileExists(filename) As Boolean
Dim msg As String
    On Error GoTo CheckError
        FileExists = (Dir(filename) <> "")
        Exit Function
CheckError:
    Const mnErrDiskNotReady = 71, mnErrDeviceUnavailable = 68
    If (Err.Number = mnErrDiskNotReady) Then
        msg = "将软盘插入驱动器 "
        msg = msg + "，然后关好驱动器门。"
        If MsgBox(msg, vbExclamation + vbOKCancel) = vbOK Then
            Resume
        Else
            FileExists = False
            Exit Function
        End If
    ElseIf Err.Number = mnErrDeviceUnavailable Then
        msg = "找不到: "
        msg = msg + filename
        MsgBox msg, vbExclamation
        FileExists = False
        Exit Function
    Else
        FileExists = False
        Exit Function
        'msg = "出现 #" + str(Err.Number)
        'msg = msg + " 意外错误: " + Err.Description
        'MsgBox msg, vbCritical
        'End'Form
    End If
    FileExists = False
    Exit Function
End Function

Private Sub logtofile(s As String)
Dim f As Integer
On Error Resume Next
    f = FreeFile()
    Open App.Path + "\numeye2.log" For Append As #f
    Print #f, Format(Now, "YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss") + " " + s
    Close #f
End Sub

Private Function Minimum(ParamArray Vals())
Dim n As Integer, MinVal
On Error Resume Next
    MinVal = Vals(0)
    For n = 1 To UBound(Vals)
        If Vals(n) < MinVal Then MinVal = Vals(n)
    Next n
    Minimum = MinVal
End Function
Private Function Maximum(ParamArray Vals())
Dim n As Integer, MaxVal
On Error Resume Next
    MaxVal = Vals(0)
    For n = 1 To UBound(Vals)
        If Vals(n) > MaxVal Then MaxVal = Vals(n)
    Next n
    Maximum = MaxVal
End Function
Private Sub c2hsb(ByVal clr As Long)
Dim MyR As Single, MyG As Single, MyB As Single
Dim Max As Single, Min As Single
Dim MyS As Single
Dim Delta As Single, MyVal As Single
Dim cc As String * 6
Dim r1, g1, b1 As Byte
On Error Resume Next
    cc = Right("000000" + Hex$(clr), 6)
    b1 = Val("&H" + Left(cc, 2))
    g1 = Val("&H" + Mid(cc, 3, 2))
    r1 = Val("&H" + Right(cc, 2))
    MyR = r1 / 255: MyG = g1 / 255: MyB = b1 / 255
    Max = Maximum(MyR, MyG, MyB)
    Min = Minimum(MyR, MyG, MyB)
    hsbB = Int(Max * 100)
    If Max <> 0 Then
        MyS = (Max - Min) / Max * 100
    Else
        MyS = 0
    End If
    hsbS = MyS
    If hsbS = 0 Then
        hsbH = 0
    Else
        Delta = Max - Min
        Select Case Max
        Case MyR
            MyVal = (MyG - MyB) / Delta
        Case MyG
            MyVal = 2 + (MyB - MyR) / Delta
        Case MyB
            MyVal = 4 + (MyR - MyG) / Delta
        End Select
        MyVal = MyVal * 60
        If MyVal < 0 Then MyVal = MyVal + 360
        hsbH = MyVal
    End If
'   Debug.Print "hsb="; hsbH; " "; hsbS; " "; hsbB
End Sub
Private Function ColorDistance(ByVal c1 As Long, ByVal c2 As Long) As Long
Dim cd As Long
Dim h1, s1, b1, h2, s2, b2 As Single
On Error Resume Next
    If c1 = -1 Or c2 = -1 Then
        ColorDistance = 1000000
        Exit Function
    End If
    c2hsb (c1)
    h1 = hsbH / 360
    s1 = hsbS
    b1 = hsbB
    c2hsb (c2)
    h2 = hsbH / 360
    s2 = hsbS
    b2 = hsbB
    cd = Abs(h1 - h2)
    cd = cd + Abs(s1 - s2)
    cd = cd + Abs(b1 - b2)
    ColorDistance = cd
End Function

这回好像没灌水

Clove 2013-07-16

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@zhao4zhong1 的做法可以,我测试了一下.就是阀值容错率还有lz可以参考http://bbs.anjian.com/viewthread.php?tid=411245 和http://www.cnblogs.com/marryZhan/archive/2010/05/11/2213952.html 去去噪点和干扰线

dubiousway 2013-02-05

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不太明白你的意思。你说的比对指什么跟什么的比对。是指模板匹配吗？

wzp144650 2013-02-05

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引用 2 楼 dubiousway 的回复:

用图像的开闭运算试试好用吗。我自己觉得其实现在验证码的干扰形式的种类绕越来越多，不是仅有干扰线这一种。还是觉得用网络训练的形式，根据结果百分比来判断比较好（如果结果比较低，可以重新刷新后，再次获的新验证码）

恩，我也想过你说的思路，对于比对方面正好也有个问题。比如 0010 0010 1111 0010 与 1010 0010 1111 0010 对比时，我可以把第二个多出来的1忽略。毕竟都是16个位置与16个位置的比较。但是，如果第一个图不变，而第二分析出的图成了 0010 0010 0010 1111 0010 那么比对的结果差了很多啊，几乎错了一半，这如何解决呢

dubiousway 2013-02-05

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用图像的开闭运算试试好用吗。我自己觉得其实现在验证码的干扰形式的种类绕越来越多，不是仅有干扰线这一种。还是觉得用网络训练的形式，根据结果百分比来判断比较好（如果结果比较低，可以重新刷新后，再次获的新验证码）

wzp144650 2013-02-05

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都没人看么。。。

赵4老师 2013-02-05

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'接上帖
Private Function recognize() As String
    t = 2 '上面3行空白
    l = 1 '左边1列空白
    w = 11 '每个数字宽11像素
    h = 13 '每个数字高13像素
    g = 11 '两个数字相距11像素
    r = "xxxx"
    On Error GoTo RERR
    Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture(FPFN)
    For n = 0 To 3
        s = ""
        For y = 0 To h - 1
            For x = 0 To w - 1
                'Debug.Print " "; Right("00000000" + Hex(Picture1.Point(n * w + x, t + y)), 8);
                b = ColorDistance(Picture1.Point(l + n * g + x, t + y), &HE6AFBE)
                'Debug.Print " "; Right(" " + CStr(b), 2); " ";
                If b < 30 Then
                    Debug.Print "-";
                    s = s + "-"
                Else
                    Debug.Print "O";
                    s = s + "O"
                End If
                Picture1.PSet (l + n * g + x, t + y), RGB(255, 0, 0)
            Next
            Debug.Print
        Next
        Debug.Print
        For i = 0 To 9
            a = 0
            For j = 0 To h - 1
                For k = 0 To w - 1
                    c1 = Mid(s, 1 + j * w + k, 1)
                    c2 = Mid(nm(i), 1 + j * w + k, 1)
                    If c1 = c2 Then
                        a = a + 1
                    End If
                Next
            Next
            aa(i) = a
            Debug.Print i, a
        Next
        maxi = -1
        maxa = 0
        For i = 0 To 9
            If maxa < aa(i) Then
                maxi = i
                maxa = aa(i)
            End If
        Next
        If maxa >= 100 Then
            Mid(r, n + 1, 1) = CStr(maxi)
        End If
    Next
RERR:
    recognize = r
    Label1.Caption = r
    Exit Function
End Function

Private Sub Timer1_Timer()
Dim f As Integer
On Error Resume Next
        If LCase(Right(FPFN, 4)) = ".bmp" Then
            f = FreeFile()
            Open FPFN + ".txt" For Output As #f
            Print #f, recognize()
            Close #f
            End
        Else
            logtofile "[" + FPFN + "] is not .bmp file!"
        End If
End Sub
Public Function FileExists(filename) As Boolean
Dim msg As String
    On Error GoTo CheckError
        FileExists = (Dir(filename) <> "")
        Exit Function
CheckError:
    Const mnErrDiskNotReady = 71, mnErrDeviceUnavailable = 68
    If (Err.Number = mnErrDiskNotReady) Then
        msg = "将软盘插入驱动器 "
        msg = msg + "，然后关好驱动器门。"
        If MsgBox(msg, vbExclamation + vbOKCancel) = vbOK Then
            Resume
        Else
            FileExists = False
            Exit Function
        End If
    ElseIf Err.Number = mnErrDeviceUnavailable Then
        msg = "找不到: "
        msg = msg + filename
        MsgBox msg, vbExclamation
        FileExists = False
        Exit Function
    Else
        FileExists = False
        Exit Function
        'msg = "出现 #" + str(Err.Number)
        'msg = msg + " 意外错误: " + Err.Description
        'MsgBox msg, vbCritical
        'End'Form
    End If
    FileExists = False
    Exit Function
End Function

Private Sub logtofile(s As String)
Dim f As Integer
On Error Resume Next
    f = FreeFile()
    Open App.Path + "\numeye2.log" For Append As #f
    Print #f, Format(Now, "YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss") + " " + s
    Close #f
End Sub

Private Function Minimum(ParamArray Vals())
Dim n As Integer, MinVal
On Error Resume Next
    MinVal = Vals(0)
    For n = 1 To UBound(Vals)
        If Vals(n) < MinVal Then MinVal = Vals(n)
    Next n
    Minimum = MinVal
End Function
Private Function Maximum(ParamArray Vals())
Dim n As Integer, MaxVal
On Error Resume Next
    MaxVal = Vals(0)
    For n = 1 To UBound(Vals)
        If Vals(n) > MaxVal Then MaxVal = Vals(n)
    Next n
    Maximum = MaxVal
End Function
Private Sub c2hsb(ByVal clr As Long)
Dim MyR As Single, MyG As Single, MyB As Single
Dim Max As Single, Min As Single
Dim MyS As Single
Dim Delta As Single, MyVal As Single
Dim cc As String * 6
Dim r1, g1, b1 As Byte
On Error Resume Next
    cc = Right("000000" + Hex$(clr), 6)
    b1 = Val("&H" + Left(cc, 2))
    g1 = Val("&H" + Mid(cc, 3, 2))
    r1 = Val("&H" + Right(cc, 2))
    MyR = r1 / 255: MyG = g1 / 255: MyB = b1 / 255
    Max = Maximum(MyR, MyG, MyB)
    Min = Minimum(MyR, MyG, MyB)
    hsbB = Int(Max * 100)
    If Max <> 0 Then
        MyS = (Max - Min) / Max * 100
    Else
        MyS = 0
    End If
    hsbS = MyS
    If hsbS = 0 Then
        hsbH = 0
    Else
        Delta = Max - Min
        Select Case Max
        Case MyR
            MyVal = (MyG - MyB) / Delta
        Case MyG
            MyVal = 2 + (MyB - MyR) / Delta
        Case MyB
            MyVal = 4 + (MyR - MyG) / Delta
        End Select
        MyVal = MyVal * 60
        If MyVal < 0 Then MyVal = MyVal + 360
        hsbH = MyVal
    End If
'   Debug.Print "hsb="; hsbH; " "; hsbS; " "; hsbB
End Sub
Private Function ColorDistance(ByVal c1 As Long, ByVal c2 As Long) As Long
Dim cd As Long
Dim h1, s1, b1, h2, s2, b2 As Single
On Error Resume Next
    If c1 = -1 Or c2 = -1 Then
        ColorDistance = 1000000
        Exit Function
    End If
    c2hsb (c1)
    h1 = hsbH / 360
    s1 = hsbS
    b1 = hsbB
    c2hsb (c2)
    h2 = hsbH / 360
    s2 = hsbS
    b2 = hsbB
    cd = Abs(h1 - h2)
    cd = cd + Abs(s1 - s2)
    cd = cd + Abs(b1 - b2)
    ColorDistance = cd
End Function

赵4老师 2013-02-05

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仅供参考

Option Explicit
Dim FPFN As String 'FullPathFileName
Dim i As Integer
Dim j As Integer
Dim k As Integer
Dim t As Integer
Dim l As Integer
Dim g As Integer
Dim n As Integer
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
Dim w As Integer
Dim h As Integer
Dim a As Integer
Dim aa(0 To 9) As Integer
Dim maxa As Integer
Dim maxi As Integer
Dim b As Long
Dim nm(9) As String
Dim s As String
Dim r As String
Dim c1 As String * 1
Dim c2 As String * 1
Dim hsbH, hsbS, hsbB As Single
Private Sub Form_Load()
    FPFN = Command$
    If Left(FPFN, 1) = Chr(34) Then FPFN = Mid(FPFN, 2)
    If Right(FPFN, 1) = Chr(34) Then FPFN = Left(FPFN, Len(FPFN) - 1)
    If Not FileExists(FPFN) Then
        logtofile "[" + FPFN + "] file not find!"
        End 'form
    End If
    nm(0) = _
    "----OOO----" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "--OO---OO--" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "--OO---OO--" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "----OOO----"
    nm(1) = _
    "----OOO----" + _
    "--OOOOO----" + _
    "--OOOOO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "--OOOOOOOO-" + _
    "--OOOOOOOO-"
    nm(2) = _
    "--OOOOO----" + _
    "-OOOOOOO---" + _
    "-O-----OO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "------OO---" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "----OO-----" + _
    "---OO------" + _
    "--OO-------" + _
    "-OO--------" + _
    "-OOOOOOOO--" + _
    "-OOOOOOOO--"
    nm(3) = _
    "--OOOOO----" + _
    "-OOOOOOOO--" + _
    "-O-----OO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "------OO---" + _
    "--OOOO-----" + _
    "--OOOOOO---" + _
    "------OOO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "-O----OOO--" + _
    "-OOOOOOO---" + _
    "--OOOOO----"
    nm(4) = _
    "------OO---" + _
    "-----OOO---" + _
    "-----OOO---" + _
    "----OOOO---" + _
    "---OO-OO---" + _
    "---OO-OO---" + _
    "--OO--OO---" + _
    "--OO--OO---" + _
    "-OOOOOOOOO-" + _
    "-OOOOOOOOO-" + _
    "------OO---" + _
    "------OO---" + _
    "------OO---"
    nm(5) = _
    "-OOOOOOOO--" + _
    "-OOOOOOOO--" + _
    "-OO--------" + _
    "-OO--------" + _
    "-OO--------" + _
    "-OOOOO-----" + _
    "-OOOOOOO---" + _
    "------OOO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "-O----OOO--" + _
    "-OOOOOOO---" + _
    "--OOOOO----"
    nm(6) = _
    "----OOOO---" + _
    "---OOOOOO--" + _
    "--OO----O--" + _
    "--OO-------" + _
    "-OO--------" + _
    "-OO-OOOO---" + _
    "-OOOOOOOO--" + _
    "-OOO---OOO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "--OO---OOO-" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "----OOOO---"
    nm(7) = _
    "--OOOOOOOO-" + _
    "--OOOOOOOO-" + _
    "--------OO-" + _
    "--------O--" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "------OO---" + _
    "------O----" + _
    "-----OO----" + _
    "-----O-----" + _
    "----OO-----" + _
    "----OO-----" + _
    "---OO------" + _
    "---OO------"
    nm(8) = _
    "---OOOOO---" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "--OO---OO--" + _
    "--OO---OO--" + _
    "--OOO--O---" + _
    "---OOOOO---" + _
    "---OOOOO---" + _
    "--OO--OOO--" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OOO---OOO-" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "---OOOOO---"
    nm(9) = _
    "---OOOO----" + _
    "--OOOOOOO--" + _
    "-OOO---OO--" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OO-----OO-" + _
    "-OOO---OOO-" + _
    "--OOOOOOOO-" + _
    "---OOOO-OO-" + _
    "--------OO-" + _
    "-------OO--" + _
    "--O----OO--" + _
    "--OOOOOO---" + _
    "---OOOO----"
    Timer1.Enabled = True
End Sub
'未完待续

wzp144650 2013-02-05

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引用 6 楼 zhao4zhong1 的回复:

如果是我，不管干扰线，只统计对应字符点阵和验证码图象中字符点阵匹配像素的百分比即可。

是一个思路啊，不过，估计J L、U Y V分不清楚啊？这个方法你真用过吗

赵4老师 2013-02-05

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如果是我，不管干扰线，只统计对应字符点阵和验证码图象中字符点阵匹配像素的百分比即可。

wzp144650 2013-02-05

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引用 4 楼 dubiousway 的回复:

不太明白你的意思。你说的比对指什么跟什么的比对。是指模板匹配吗？

我做了点简单的验证码识别，步骤大概是灰度化、二值化、然后分隔字符，还未做与样品比对的步骤，我理解中这步的步骤是，比如一个字母Z吧，我分隔完成后，得到的二指化代码是 1111 0011 0100 1111 而样品是 1111 0010 0100 1111 这样逐个字符比对下来会发现第二行最后一个不一样，但是我认为这是可以设置阀值的，有一定的容错率，比如我的容错值设置为2，那么错了1个是可以容忍的。这是我认为比较简单的一种情况。如果，比如我分隔的结果是 0001 1111 0010 0100 1111 其实就是多了一个点，先抛开为什么没有把这个点去除掉，现在就认为有这个点。那么与样品逐个字符匹配，几乎没有字符可以匹配上，这样就很难了。。以上是我理解中的比对方法，网上也搜了，我看大家对于比对这一步都未做详细的说明。请问我的方法是常用方法么？有没有什么妙招？

去除这样验证码的干扰线，大家有什么好的思路吗？

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