参考官网Lazy Processing
Lazy processing is the mechanism by which the Analysis server automatically builds bitmap indexes and aggregations for dimensions and partitions. Lazy processing is done in the background at a low priority, so it does not interfere with foreground operations such as user queries. The advantage of lazy processing is that it reduces the foreground processing time and the cube is available earlier to users, albeit with lower performance.
Lazy processing is enabled on a dimension, cube, measure group or partition by setting the DDL property ProcessingMode to LazyAggregations. The Analysis server has a background thread that loops through all objects and initiates a ProcessIndexes job on any object that has ProcessingMode=LazyAggregations and needs bitmap indexes or aggregations to be built. The ProcessingPriority DDL property can be used to control the order in which the background thread processes the objects.
Database administrators can monitor lazy processing using Profiler, just like any other processing operation.
The alternative to lazy processing is to send a ProcessIndexes command explicitly to the server. This approach gives the database administrator control over when the processing is done and the ability to handle errors proactively. The disadvantage is that the processing is done in a foreground job and can thereby interfere with other user requests.