Python日期时间案例演示

[站在风口]

案例：准备10个人姓名，然后为这10个人随机生成生日【都是90后】

1、统计出那些人是夏季【6月-8月】出生的。

2、最大的比最小的大多少天

3、谁的生日最早，谁的生日最晚

备注：春季【3-5】夏季【6-8】秋季【9-11】冬季【12-2】



演示：

from datetime import date, timedelta

from random import randint





def build_birthday(list_person_name:list):

# 初始化存储“姓名：生日”字典

name_birthday = {}.fromkeys(list_person_name)

# 生成生日

for key in name_birthday:

temp_year = randint(1990, 1999)

temp_month = randint(1, 12)

temp_day = randint(1, 30)

name_birthday[key] = date(temp_year, temp_month, temp_day)

# 返回

return name_birthday



def person_birthday_summer(name_birthday:dict):

# 用于存储夏天出生的key

list_person = []

for key in name_birthday:

if name_birthday[key].month >= 6 and name_birthday[key].month <= 8:

list_person.append(key)

# 返回

return list_person


def get_person_year_max(name_birthday:dict):

# 在字典中提取出生日

person_birth = list(name_birthday.values())

# 获取最大的生日

max_birthday = sorted(person_birth)[len(person_birth)-1]

# 遍历

for key in name_birthday:

if name_birthday[key] == max_birthday:

return key


def get_person_year_min(name_birthday:dict):

# 在字典中提取出生日

person_birth = list(name_birthday.values())

# 获取最小的生日

min_birthday = sorted(person_birth)[0]

# 遍历

for key in name_birthday:

if name_birthday[key] == min_birthday:

return key



def get_person_days(name_birthday:dict):

# 在字典中提取出生日

person_birth = list(name_birthday.values())

# 获取最大的生日

min_birthday = sorted(person_birth)[0]

max_birthday = sorted(person_birth)[len(person_birth) - 1]

# 返回天数

return (max_birthday-min_birthday).days



def get_person_early_birthday(name_birthday:dict):

for key in name_birthday:

name_birthday[key] = name_birthday[key].replace(year=1990)



person_birth = list(name_birthday.values())

return(sorted(person_birth)[0])



def get_person_later_birthday(name_birthday:dict):

for key in name_birthday:

name_birthday[key] = name_birthday[key].replace(year=1990)



person_birth = list(name_birthday.values())

return(sorted(person_birth)[len(person_birth)-1])





if __name__ == "__main__":

list_name = ["赵一", "杨二", "张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六", "马七", "郑八", "刘九", "胡十"]

# 为list_name中所有的学员生成生日

name_birthday = build_birthday(list_name)

print(name_birthday)

# 调用功能模块

birthday_summer_list = person_birthday_summer(name_birthday)

if len(birthday_summer_list) == 0:

print("没有人的生日是在夏天: ")

else:

print("生日为夏天的有：", birthday_summer_list) # 需求一

# 需求二

print("生日最大的：", get_person_year_max(name_birthday))

print("生日最小的：", get_person_year_min(name_birthday))

print("最大比最小的天数：", get_person_days(name_birthday))

# 需求三

date_early = get_person_early_birthday(name_birthday)

print("生日最大的是：%d月%d日"%(date_early.month,date_early.day))



date_later = get_person_later_birthday(name_birthday)

print("生日最小的是：%d月%d日" % (date_later.month, date_early.day))



执行结果：

C:\python\python.exe C:/python/demo/file3.py

{'赵一': datetime.date(1992, 12, 30), '杨二': datetime.date(1995, 6, 23), '张三': datetime.date(1990, 6, 21), '李四': datetime.date(1991, 9, 29), '王五': datetime.date(1996, 2, 26), '赵六': datetime.date(1995, 9, 18), '马七': datetime.date(1996, 7, 4), '郑八': datetime.date(1990, 3, 5), '刘九': datetime.date(1992, 3, 3), '胡十': datetime.date(1992, 11, 6)}

生日为夏天的有： ['杨二', '张三', '马七']

生日最大的： 马七

生日最小的： 郑八

最大比最小的天数： 2313

生日最大的是：2月26日

生日最小的是：12月26日



Process finished with exit code 0

[oyljerry]

[混沌鳄鱼]

楼主既然用Python日期时间案例演示，那不能用C语言写的写法啊，当然了C语言不愿意背这个锅 实在看不下去了，来点Pythonic的

>>> from datetime import date, timedelta
>>> from random import randint
>>> name_list = ["赵一", "杨二", "张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六", "马七", "郑八", "刘九", "胡十"]
>>> date_list = [date(1990,1,1)+timedelta(days=randint(0,3652)) for _ in name_list]
>>> name_birth_dict = dict(zip(name_list,date_list))
>>> name_birth_dict
{'赵一': datetime.date(1996, 7, 29), '杨二': datetime.date(1997, 12, 31), '张三': datetime.date(1991, 1, 1), '李四': datetime.date(1990, 10, 12), '王五': datetime.date(1996, 1, 20), '赵六': datetime.date(1996, 2, 20), '马七': datetime.date(1990, 7, 27), '郑八': datetime.date(1994, 10, 23), '刘九': datetime.date(1992, 7, 14), '胡十': datetime.date(1999, 10, 14)}
>>> summer_persons = list(filter(lambda x:6<x[1].month<8, name_birth_dict.items()))
>>> summer_persons
[('赵一', datetime.date(1996, 7, 29)), ('马七', datetime.date(1990, 7, 27)), ('刘九', datetime.date(1992, 7, 14))]
>>> min_birthday_person = min(name_birth_dict.items(), key=lambda x:x[1])
>>> min_birthday_person
('马七', datetime.date(1990, 7, 27))
>>> max_birthday_person = max(name_birth_dict.items(), key=lambda x:x[1])
>>> max_birthday_person
('胡十', datetime.date(1999, 10, 14))
>>> late_days = (max_birthday_person[1] - min_birthday_person[1]).days
>>> late_days
3366
>>> 

[混沌鳄鱼]

>>> max_birthday = max(name_birth_dict.items(), key=lambda x:(x[1].month,x[1].day))[1]
>>> max_birthday
datetime.date(1997, 12, 31)
>>> min_birthday = min(name_birth_dict.items(), key=lambda x:(x[1].month,x[1].day))[1]
datetime.date(1991, 1, 1)
>>> 

[混沌鳄鱼]

其实按照最新推荐的风格生成名字：生日字典 应当这样写

name_birth_dict = {name:date(1990,1,1)+timedelta(days=randint(0,3652))  for name in name_list)