PC board layout and design techniques下载

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PC board layout and design techniques
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PC board layout and design techniques

INTRODUCTION The most important factor in the design of many systems today is speed. 66-MHz thru 200-MHz processors are common; 233 and 266-MHz processors are becoming readily available. The demand for high speed results from: a) the requirement that systems perform complex tasks in a time frame considered comfortable by humans; and b) the ability of component manufacturers to produce high-speed devices. An example of a) is the large amount of information that must be processed to perform even the most rudimentary computer animation. Currently, Programmable Array Logic (PAL®) devices are available with propagation delays of 4.5 ns, and complex PLDs such as MACH® have propagation delays of 5 ns. While this might seem fast, it is not the propagation delay that creates the potential for problems, but rather the fast edge rates needed to obtain the fast propagation delays. In the future, much faster devices will become available, with correspondingly faster edge rates. Designing high-speed systems requires not only fast components, but also intelligent and careful design. The analog aspect of the devices is as important as the digital. In high-speed systems, noise generation is a prime concern. The high frequencies can radiate and cause interference. The corresponding fast edge rates can result in ringing, reflections, and crosstalk. If unchecked, this noise can seriously degrade system performance. This application note presents an overview of the design of high-speed systems using a PC-board layout. It covers: u the power distribution system and its effect on boardinghouse generation, u transmission lines and their associated design rules, u crosstalk and its elimination, and u electromagnetic interference.

Preface Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques for EMC Compliance: A Handbook for Designers, Second Edition, is a significant enhancement to the first edition. The first edition was well received within the engineering community worldwide and was translated into international languages. The intent of the present volume is to expand upon concepts presented in the earlier edition, to justify why a specific design technique works, and to show when it is appropriate for use. Additional techniques based on technological changes within the last few years are also incorporated. These techniques and enhancements are based on questions, comments, and discussions received from engineers around the world. This book presents information never before published within the engineering community, dealing exclusively with printed circuit boards (PCBs). When writing the first edition, it was impossible to anticipate the amount of variations possible, or what the intended audience expected from a book directed toward nondegreed engineers. A thorough understanding of the concepts presented herein will assist during the design and layout process. Note the key word here —"concepts." Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques for EMC Compliance will help minimize the emission or reception of unwanted radio frequency (RF) energy generated by components and circuits, thus achieving acceptable levels of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for electrical equipment. The field of EMC consists of two distinct areas: 1. Emissions: Propagation of electromagnetic interference (EMI) from noncompliant devices (culprits) and, in particular, radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference. 2. Susceptibility or immunity: The detrimental effects on susceptible devices (victims) in forms that include EMI, electrostatic discharge (ESD), and electrical overstress (EOS). The primary goal of the engineer is to ensure proper operation and performance of a product when used within an intended electromagnetic environment. These design requirements are in addition to making a product function as desired for use within a specific, end-use environment. Information presented in this guideline is intended for those who design and layout printed circuit boards. EMC and compliance engineers will also find the information presented herein helpful in solving design problems at both the PCB and system level. This book can be used as a reference document for any design project. The focus of this book is strictly on the PCB. Containment techniques (shielding), internal and external cabling, power supply design, and other system-level subassemblies that use PCBs as a subcomponent will not be discussed. Again, as in the first edition, excellent reference material on these aspects of EMC system-level engineering is listed in the References section at the ends of chapters.

EMC on Printed Circuit Board

Applies basic field behavior in circuit design and demonstrates how it relates to grounding and shielding requirements and techniques in circuit design This book connects the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory to the problems of interference in all types of electronic design. The text covers power distribution in facilities, mixing of analog and digital circuitry, circuit board layout at high clock rates, and meeting radiation and susceptibility standards. The author examines the grounding and shielding requirements and techniques in circuit design and applies basic physics to circuit behavior. The sixth edition of this book has been updated with new material added throughout the chapters where appropriate. The presentation of the book has also been rearranged in order to reflect the current trends in the field. Grounding and Shielding: Circuits and Interference, Sixth Edition: Includes new material on vias and field control, capacitors as transmission lines, first energy sources, and high speed designs using boards with only two layers Demonstrates how circuit geometry controls performance from dc to gigahertz Examines the use of multi-shielded transformers in clean-power installations Provides effective techniques for handling noise problems in analog and digital circuits Discusses how to use conductor geometry to improve performance, limit radiation, and reduce susceptibility to all types of hardware and systems Grounding and Shielding: Circuits and Interference, Sixth Edition is an updated guide for circuit design engineers and technicians. It will also serve as a reference for engineers in the semiconductor device industry.

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