ReportMachine2.6的转Excel怎么没用?

crier 2003-08-30 11:27:48
ReportMachine2。6的打印预览工具条上的转Excel的按钮怎么点击了没有什么作用?请问怎么才能让他有效
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List of Figures...................................................................................................... xv List of Tables ...................................................................................................... xxi List of Mathematical Notations .................................................................... xxiv Preface ................................................................................................................. xxv Acknowledgments ........................................................................................... xxix Authors............................................................................................................... xxxi Section I Introduction to Optimization and Modelling 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................3 1.1 General Introduction .............................................................................3 1.2 History of Optimization .......................................................................4 1.3 Optimization Problems.........................................................................5 1.4 Mathematical Model..............................................................................6 1.4.1 Characteristics and Assumptions ........................................... 6 1.5 Concept of Optimization ......................................................................8 1.6 Classification of Optimization Problems .........................................11 1.7 Organization of the Book ...................................................................13 Exercises ...........................................................................................................14 References ........................................................................................................15 2 The Process of Optimization.......................................................................17 2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................17 2.2 Decision Process...................................................................................17 2.3 Problem Identification and Clarification .........................................19 2.4 Problem Definition ..............................................................................20 2.5 Development of a Mathematical Model ..........................................21 2.5.1 Measure of Effectiveness........................................................ 23 2.6 Deriving a Solution..............................................................................25 2.7 Sensitivity Analysis .............................................................................26 2.8 Testing the Solution.............................................................................26 2.9 Implementation ....................................................................................27 v 2.10 Summary ...............................................................................................28 Exercises ...........................................................................................................29 3 Introduction to Modelling ...........................................................................31 3.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................31 3.2 Components of a Mathematical Model............................................31 3.2.1 Decision Variables................................................................... 32 3.2.2 Objective Function................................................................... 32 3.2.3 Constraints................................................................................ 32 3.3 Simple Examples..................................................................................32 3.4 Analyzing a Problem...........................................................................34 3.4.1 A Nonmathematical Programming Problem...................... 35 3.5 Modelling a Simple Problem .............................................................36 3.5.1 Defining the Variables ............................................................ 37 3.5.2 Objective Function................................................................... 37 3.5.3 Constraints................................................................................ 37 3.6 Linear Programming Model ..............................................................39 3.7 More Mathematical Models ...............................................................39 3.8 Integer Programming..........................................................................42 3.9 Multi-Objective Problem.....................................................................45 3.9.1 Objective versus Goal ............................................................. 47 3.10 Goal Programming ..............................................................................47 3.11 Nonlinear Programming.....................................................................49 3.12 Summary ...............................................................................................52 Exercises ...........................................................................................................52 Section II Modelling Techniques 4 Simple Modelling Techniques I ................................................................59 4.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................59 4.2 Use of Subscripts in Variables ...........................................................59 4.3 Simple Modelling Techniques ...........................................................60 4.3.1 Additional Work Requirement in the Formulation........... 61 4.3.2 Variables as Fractions of Other Variables ........................... 64 4.3.3 Maintaining Certain Ratios among Different Variables .... 68 4.3.4 One Constraint Is a Fraction of Another Constraint ......... 70 4.3.5 Maxi–Min or Mini–Max Objective Function....................... 75 4.3.6 Multi-Period Modelling.......................................................... 77 4.3.7 Transforming Infeasible Solutions to Satisfactory Solutions.................................................................................... 79 4.3.8 Single to Multiple Objectives ................................................ 81 4.4 Special Types of Linear Programming.............................................82 4.4.1 Transportation Problem ......................................................... 83 4.4.2 Assignment Problem .............................................................. 86 4.4.3 Transshipment Problem ......................................................... 88 4.4.4 Project Management Problem ............................................... 91 vi 4.5 Summary ...............................................................................................98 Exercises ...........................................................................................................98 Bibliography ..................................................................................................102 5 Simple Modelling Techniques II .............................................................103 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................103 5.2 Precedence Constraints.....................................................................103 5.3 Either–or Constraints ........................................................................104 5.4 K out of N Constraints Must Hold .................................................105 5.5 Yes-or-No Decisions ..........................................................................106 5.6 Functions with N Possible Values...................................................108 5.7 Mutually Exclusive Alternatives and Contingent Decisions......109 5.8 Linking Constraints with the Objective Function ........................111 5.9 Piecewise Linear Functions ..............................................................113 5.10 Nonlinear to Approximate Functions ............................................116 5.11 Deterministic Models with Probability Terms..............................118 5.12 Alternate Objective Functions .........................................................121 5.13 Constrained to Unconstrained Problem ........................................122 5.14 Simplifying Cross Product of Binary Variables............................124 5.15 Fractional Programming...................................................................126 5.16 Unrestricted Variables.......................................................................128 5.17 Changing Constraint and Objective Type .....................................129 5.17.1 From  to¼Constraints..................................................... 129 5.17.2 From  to¼Constraints..................................................... 130 5.17.3 From  to  Constraints.................................................... 130 5.17.4 From  to  Constraints.................................................... 130 5.17.5 From ¼ Constraint to  and  Constraints.................... 130 5.17.6 Changing Objective Type................................................... 131 5.18 Conditional Constraints....................................................................132 5.19 Dual Formulation...............................................................................133 5.20 Regression Model ..............................................................................136 5.21 Stochastic Programming...................................................................137 5.22 Constraint Programming..................................................................137 5.23 Summary .............................................................................................138 Exercises .........................................................................................................138 Bibliography ..................................................................................................142 References ......................................................................................................143 6 Modelling Large-Scale and Well-Known Problems I..........................145 6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................145 6.2 Use of the Summation (S) Sign.......................................................145 6.3 Use of the Subset (2) Sign ................................................................147 6.4 Network Flow Problems...................................................................149 6.4.1 Shortest Path Problem ........................................................ 149 6.4.2 Maximum Flow Problem ................................................... 150 6.4.3 Multi-Commodity Flow Problem ..................................... 152 vii 6.5 Knapsack Problem...............................................................................154 6.5.1 Capital Budgeting Problem................................................... 154 6.5.2 Bin Packing Problem .............................................................. 155 6.5.3 Cutting Stock Problem ........................................................... 157 6.6 Facility Location and Layout .............................................................159 6.6.1 Facility Location Problem...................................................... 159 6.6.2 Facility Layout Problem......................................................... 161 6.7 Production Planning and Scheduling ..............................................164 6.7.1 Relevant Literature ................................................................. 165 6.8 Logistics and Transportation .............................................................167 6.8.1 Airlift Problem ........................................................................ 167 6.8.2 Relevant Literature ................................................................. 168 6.9 Summary ...............................................................................................170 Exercises .........................................................................................................170 References ......................................................................................................172 7 Modelling Well-Known Problems II.......................................................177 7.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................177 7.2 Job and Machine Scheduling .............................................................177 7.2.1 Relevant Literature ................................................................. 179 7.3 Assignment and Routing....................................................................180 7.3.1 Generalized Assignment Problem ....................................... 180 7.3.2 Traveling Salesperson Problem............................................ 181 7.3.3 Relevant Literature on Traveling Salesperson Problem..................................................................................... 184 7.3.4 Vehicle Routing Problem....................................................... 185 7.3.5 Relevant Literature on Vehicle Routing Problem ............. 188 7.4 Staff Rostering and Scheduling .........................................................189 7.4.1 Staff Scheduling: A Weekly Problem .................................. 189 7.4.2 Daily Rostering Problem ....................................................... 191 7.4.3 Relevant Literature on General Staff Scheduling .............. 192 7.4.4 Crew Planning=Scheduling Problem................................... 193 7.5 Scheduling and Timetabling Problem..............................................194 7.5.1 School Timetabling Problem................................................. 194 7.5.2 University Timetabling .......................................................... 196 7.5.3 Relevant Literature ................................................................. 197 7.6 Summary ...............................................................................................199 Exercises .........................................................................................................199 References ......................................................................................................201 8 Alternative Modelling ................................................................................205 8.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................205 8.2 Modelling under Different Assumptions ........................................205 8.2.1 A Coal Blending Problem...................................................... 205 8.2.2 First Alternative Blending Model ........................................ 207 8.2.3 Second Alternative Blending Model.................................... 209 viii 8.2.4 Comparing the Two Simple Alternative Models ........... 210 8.2.5 A Crop Planning Problem.................................................. 211 8.2.6 Crop Planning Model 1 ...................................................... 212 8.2.7 Crop Planning Model 2 ...................................................... 213 8.3 Hierarchical Modelling: An Introduction.....................................214 8.3.1 Hierarchical Modelling in a Manufacturing Context .... 215 8.3.2 Aggregate Model ................................................................. 216 8.3.3 Family Scheduling Model .................................................. 217 8.3.4 Individual Item Scheduling Model................................... 218 8.4 Summary ............................................................................................219 References ......................................................................................................220 Section III Model Solving 9 Solution Approaches: An Overview........................................................223 9.1 Introduction .......................................................................................223 9.2 Complexity and Complexity Classes ............................................223 9.2.1 Complexity of Algorithms.................................................. 223 9.2.2 Complexity Classes.............................................................. 224 9.3 Classical Optimization Techniques................................................225 9.3.1 Linear Programming............................................................ 225 9.3.2 Integer Programming: The Curse of Dimensionality ................................................................. 227 9.3.3 Integer Linear Program: Solution Approaches ............... 228 9.3.4 Special Linear Programming Models ............................... 230 9.3.5 Goal Programming............................................................... 230 9.3.6 Nonlinear Programming..................................................... 231 9.3.7 Multi-Objective Models....................................................... 232 9.4 Heuristic Techniques........................................................................233 9.4.1 Hill Climbing ........................................................................ 233 9.4.2 Simulated Annealing ........................................................... 233 9.4.3 Tabu Search........................................................................... 234 9.4.4 Genetic Algorithms.............................................................. 234 9.4.5 Ant Colony Optimization ................................................... 235 9.4.6 Memetic Algorithms ............................................................ 236 9.4.7 Other Heuristics ................................................................... 236 9.5 Optimization Software.....................................................................236 9.5.1 LINGO=LINDO .................................................................... 237 9.5.2 MPL with OptiMax 2000, CPLEX, and XPRESS........................................................................... 237 9.5.3 GAMS..................................................................................... 237 9.5.4 Solver and Premium Solver................................................ 238 9.5.5 Win QSB................................................................................. 238 9.5.6 MINOS ................................................................................... 238 9.6 Summary ............................................................................................239 ix References ....................................................................................................239 Appendix-9A LINGO: An Introduction .................................................241 9A.1 Introduction.....................................................................................241 9A.2 Inputting Model in LINGO...........................................................241 9A.3 Solving the Model...........................................................................243 9A.3.1 Solver Status Window.................................................... 243 9A.3.2 LINGO Special Features ................................................ 244 9A.4 Another Example............................................................................246 9A.4.1 Objective Function .......................................................... 246 9A.4.2 Constraints ....................................................................... 247 9A.4.3 Complete LINGO Model ............................................... 248 9A.4.4 Defining the Sets ............................................................. 249 9A.4.5 Inputting the Data .......................................................... 250 9A.5 LINGO Syntax.................................................................................252 Appendix-9B MPL: An Introduction.......................................................253 9B.1 Introduction .....................................................................................253 9B.2 Use of MPL......................................................................................253 9B.3 Using Vectors and Indexes in MPL.............................................255 9B.4 A Product-Mix Model with Three Variables .............................256 Appendix-9C GAMS: An Introduction...................................................260 9C.1 Introduction.....................................................................................260 9C.2 An Example.....................................................................................260 Appendix-9D Excel Solver: An Introduction .........................................264 9D.1 Introduction.....................................................................................264 9D.2 Solving Linear Programs with Solver .........................................264 9D.2.1 Defining the Target Cell (Objective Function) ........... 266 9D.2.2 Identifying the Changing Cells (Decision Variables) ........................................................ 266 9D.2.3 Adding Constraints ........................................................ 267 9D.2.4 Some Important Options ............................................... 269 9D.2.5 The Solution ..................................................................... 270 Appendix-9E Win QSB: An Introduction ...............................................273 9E.1 Introduction.....................................................................................273 9E.2 Problem Solving with Win QSB...................................................273 9E.3 Reference..........................................................................................275 10 Input Preparation and Model Solving ..................................................277 10.1 Introduction .....................................................................................277 10.2 Data and Data Collection ..............................................................277 10.3 Data Type.........................................................................................279 10.4 Data Preparation .............................................................................280 10.4.1 Data Requirements ......................................................... 282 10.4.2 Data Aggregation............................................................ 283 10.5 Data Preprocessing .........................................................................287 10.6 Model-Driven Data versus Data-Driven Model ........................292 x 10.7 Model Solving .................................................................................292 10.7.1 Excel Solver ....................................................................... 293 10.7.2 LINGO and MPL.............................................................. 295 10.8 Summary .........................................................................................304 Exercises .......................................................................................................304 References.....................................................................................................308 Appendix-10A Additional Problem-Solving Using LINGO ...............309 10A.1 Example 4.6 (Model 4.7) ..............................................................309 10A.1.1 LINGO Code ................................................................ 309 10A.1.2 LINGO Solution ........................................................... 310 10A.2 A Transportation Model ..............................................................310 10A.2.1 LINGO in Algebraic Form ......................................... 311 10A.2.2 LINGO Solution Report.............................................. 311 10A.2.3 LINGO Codes (Alternative)....................................... 312 10A.2.4 LINGO Solution Report (Using Alternative Codes)....................................................... 312 10A.2.5 A Modified Transportation Model ........................... 313 10A.2.6 LINGO Solution Report (with Restricted Path)............................................................................... 314 10A.3 Example 4.14 (Model 4.15) ..........................................................315 10A.3.1 LINGO in Algebraic Form......................................... 315 10A.3.2 LINGO Solution Report ............................................. 316 10A.3.3 LINGO Codes (Alternative Form)............................ 316 10A.3.4 LINGO Solution Report (for Alternative Codes)............................................... 317 10A.4 Example 3.6 (Model 4.1) ..............................................................318 10A.4.1 LINGO in Algebraic Form......................................... 318 10A.4.2 LINGO Model Statistics ............................................. 318 10A.4.3 LINGO Solution........................................................... 318 10A.4.4 LINGO Codes (Alternative Form)............................ 319 10A.4.5 LINGO Solution for Alternative Codes................... 319 10A.5 Example 5.3 (Model 5.2) ..............................................................320 10A.5.1 LINGO Codes .............................................................. 320 10A.5.2 LINGO Solution Report ............................................. 321 10A.5.3 LINGO Alternative Codes ......................................... 321 10A.5.4 LINGO Solution Report (for Alternative Codes)............................................................................ 321 10A.6 Example 5.16..................................................................................322 10A.6.1 LINGO Codes .............................................................. 322 10A.6.2 LINGO Solution Report ............................................. 322 10A.7 Example 4.11 (Model 4.12) ..........................................................323 10A.7.1 LINGO Codes .............................................................. 323 10A.7.2 LINGO Solution Report ............................................. 324 10A.8 Example 5.10 (Model 5.7) ............................................................324 10A.8.1 LINGO Codes .............................................................. 324 10A.8.2 LINGO Solution Report ............................................. 325 xi 11
• Table of Contents • Index • Reviews • Reader Reviews • Errata • Academic Python Cookbook, 2nd Edition By David Ascher, Alex Martelli, Anna Ravenscroft Publisher : O'Reilly Pub Date : March 2005 ISBN : 0-596-00797-3 Pages : 844 Copyright Preface The Design of the Book The Implementation of the Book Using the Code from This Book Audience Organization Further Reading Conventions Used in This Book How to Contact Us Safari® Enabled Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Text Introduction Recipe 1.1. Processing a String One Character at a Time Recipe 1.2. Converting Between Characters and Numeric Codes Recipe 1.3. Testing Whether an Object Is String-like Recipe 1.4. Aligning Strings Recipe 1.5. Trimming Space from the Ends of a String Recipe 1.6. Combining Strings Recipe 1.7. Reversing a String by Words or Characters Recipe 1.8. Checking Whether a String Contains a Set of Characters Recipe 1.9. Simplifying Usage of Strings' translate Method Recipe 1.10. Filtering a String for a Set of Characters Recipe 1.11. Checking Whether a String Is Text or Binary Recipe 1.12. Controlling Case Recipe 1.13. Accessing Substrings Recipe 1.14. Changing the Indentation of a Multiline String Recipe 1.15. Expanding and Compressing Tabs Recipe 1.16. Interpolating Variables in a String Recipe 1.17. Interpolating Variables in a Stringin Python 2.4 Recipe 1.18. Replacing Multiple Patterns in a Single Pass Recipe 1.19. Checking a String for Any of Multiple Endings Recipe 1.20. Handling International Text with Unicode Recipe 1.21. Converting Between Unicode and Plain Strings Recipe 1.22. Printing Unicode Charactersto Standard Output

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