推荐看:The Ethernets: Evolution from 10 to 10,000 Mbps – How it all Works
http://telemat.die.unifi.it/book/2003/Telematica-II/ethernet_evolution.pdf
还想深入的,可以看:
Ethernet : The Definitive Guide。
中倒是讲到了12字节或96比特桢间gap的作用是:“让器件(device)有一短暂恢复时间,以便为接收下一桢作准备”。原文为:
...
2.2 Interframe Gap
Ethernet devices must allow a minimum idle period between transmission of frames known as the interframe gap
(IFG) or interpacket gap (IPG). It provides a brief recovery time between frames to allow devices to prepare
for reception of the next frame.
The minimum interframe gap is 96 bit times, which is 9.6 microseconds for 10 Mb/s Ethernet, 960 nanoseconds
for 100 Mb/s Ethernet, and 96 nanoseconds for 1 Gb/s Ethernet.
...