如何检查串口一接受到数据，并同志程序（来者有分）

[zhushiyo1]

如何检查串口一接受到数据，并同志程序（来者有分）

[NowCan]

//一个通讯类（对串口的读写），可以不用做修改就用在程序中

//TSerialPort.h for Windows9X/NT
// include <windows.h> first!

#ifndef __SERIALPORT_H__
#define __SERIALPORT_H__

#define WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED WM_USER+1 // A break was detected on input. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED WM_USER+2 // The CTS (clear-to-send) signal changed state.(LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_DSR_DETECTED WM_USER+3 // The DSR (data-set-ready) signal changed state. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED WM_USER+4 // A line-status error occurred. Line-status errors are CE_FRAME, CE_OVERRUN, and CE_RXPARITY.(LPARAM=COMM Port?)

#define WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED WM_USER+5 // A ring indicator was etec ted. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_RLSD_DETECTED WM_USER+6 // The RLSD (receive-lin-signal-detect) signal changed state. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_RXCHAR WM_USER+7 // A character was received and placed in the input buffer. (WPARAM=Byte rcv? LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED WM_USER+8 // The event character was received and placed in the input buffer. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)
#define WM_COMM_TXEMPTY_DETECTED WM_USER+9 // The last character in the output buffer was sent. (LPARAM=COMM Port?)

class TSerialPort
{
public:
// contruction and destruction
TSerialPort();
virtual ~TSerialPort();

// port initialisation
BOOL InitPort(HWND pPortOwner, UINT portnr = 1, UINT baud =19200,
char parity = 'N', UINT databits = 8, UINT stopsbits = 1,
DWORD dwCommEvents = EV_RXCHAR | EV_CTS, UINT nBufferSize = 512);

// start/stop comm watching
BOOL StartMonitoring();
BOOL RestartMonitoring();
BOOL StopMonitoring();

DWORD GetWriteBufferSize();
DWORD GetCommEvents();
DCB GetDCB();

void WriteToPort(char* string);

protected:
// protected memberfunctions
void ProcessErrorMessage(char* ErrorText);
static DWORD _stdcall CommThread(LPVOID pParam);
static void ReceiveChar(TSerialPort* port, COMSTAT comstat);
static void WriteChar(TSerialPort* port);

// thread
HANDLE m_HThread;

// synchronisation objects
CRITICAL_SECTION m_csCommunicationSync;
BOOL m_bThreadAlive;

// handles
HANDLE m_hShutdownEvent;
HANDLE m_hComm;
HANDLE m_hWriteEvent;

// Event array.
// One element is used for each event. There are two event handles for each port.
// A Write event and a receive character event which is located in the overlapped structure (m_ov.hEvent).
// There is a general shutdown when the port is closed.
HANDLE m_hEventArray[3];

// structures
OVERLAPPED m_ov;
COMMTIMEOUTS m_CommTimeouts;
DCB m_dcb;

// owner window
HWND m_pOwner;

// misc
UINT m_nPortNr;
char* m_szWriteBuffer;
DWORD m_dwCommEvents;
DWORD m_nWriteBufferSize;
};

#endif __SERIALPORT_H__

[NowCan]

//TSerialPort.cpp
#include <windows.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
//#pragma hdrstop
#include "Serial.h"
//#include
//#include
//#pragma package(smart_init)
//
// Constructor
//
TSerialPort::TSerialPort()
{
m_hComm = NULL;

// initialize overlapped structure members to zero
m_ov.Offset = 0;
m_ov.OffsetHigh = 0;

// create events
m_ov.hEvent = NULL;
m_hWriteEvent = NULL;
m_hShutdownEvent = NULL;

m_szWriteBuffer = NULL;

m_bThreadAlive = false;
}

//
// Delete dynamic memory
//
TSerialPort::~TSerialPort()
{
do
{
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
} while (m_bThreadAlive);

delete [] m_szWriteBuffer;
}

//
// Initialize the port. This can be port 1 to 4.
//
BOOL TSerialPort::InitPort(HWND pPortOwner, // the owner (CWnd) of the port (receives message)
UINT portnr,
// portnumber (1..4)
UINT baud,
// baudrate
char parity,
// parity
UINT databits,
// databits
UINT stopbits,
// stopbits
DWORD dwCommEvents, // EV_RXHAR, EV_CTS etc
UINT writebuffersize)
// size to the writebuffer
{
assert(portnr > 0 && portnr < 5);
assert(pPortOwner != NULL);

// if the thread is alive: Kill
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
do
{
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
} while (m_bThreadAlive);
}

// create events
if (m_ov.hEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_ov.hEvent);
m_ov.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);

if (m_hWriteEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
m_hWriteEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);

if (m_hShutdownEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
m_hShutdownEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);

// initialize the event objects
m_hEventArray[0] = m_hShutdownEvent; // highest priority
m_hEventArray[1] = m_ov.hEvent;
m_hEventArray[2] = m_hWriteEvent;

// initialize critical section
InitializeCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);

// set buffersize for writing and save the owner
m_pOwner = pPortOwner;

if (m_szWriteBuffer != NULL)
delete [] m_szWriteBuffer;
m_szWriteBuffer = new char[writebuffersize];

m_nPortNr = portnr;

m_nWriteBufferSize = writebuffersize;
m_dwCommEvents = dwCommEvents;

BOOL bResult = false;
char *szPort = new char[50];
char *szBaud = new char[50];

// now it critical!
EnterCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);

// if the port is already opened: close it
if (m_hComm != NULL)
{
CloseHandle(m_hComm);
m_hComm = NULL;
}

// prepare port strings
sprintf(szPort, "COM%d", portnr);
sprintf(szBaud, "baud=%d parity=%c data=%d stop=%d", baud, parity, databits, stopbits);

// get a handle to the port
m_hComm = CreateFile(szPort,
// communication port string (COMX)

GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
// read/write types
0,
// comm devices must be opened with exclusive access
NULL,
// no security attributes
OPEN_EXISTING,
// comm devices must use OPEN_EXISTING
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
// Async I/O
0);
// template must be 0 for comm devices

if (m_hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
// port not found
delete [] szPort;
delete [] szBaud;

return false;
}

// set the timeout values
m_CommTimeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;

// configure
if (SetCommTimeouts(m_hComm, &m_CommTimeouts))
{
if (SetCommMask(m_hComm, dwCommEvents))
{
if (GetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb))
{
m_dcb.fRtsControl = RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE;
// set RTS bit high!
if (BuildCommDCB(szBaud, &m_dcb))
{
if (SetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb))
; // normal operation... continu

else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommStat()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("BuildCommDCB()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("GetCommState()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommMask()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommTimeouts()");

delete [] szPort;
delete [] szBaud;

// flush the port
PurgeComm(m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);

// release critical section
LeaveCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);

return true;
}

//
// The CommThread Function.
//
DWORD _stdcall TSerialPort::CommThread(LPVOID pParam)
{
// Cast the void pointer passed to the thread back to
// a pointer of TSerialPort class
TSerialPort *port = (TSerialPort*)pParam;

// Set the status variable in the dialog class to
// TRUE to indicate the thread is running.
port->m_bThreadAlive = true;

// Misc. variables
DWORD BytesTransfered = 0;
DWORD Event = 0;
DWORD CommEvent = 0;
DWORD dwError = 0;
COMSTAT comstat;
BOOL bResult = true;

// Clear comm buffers at startup
if (port->m_hComm) // check if the port is opened
PurgeComm(port->m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);

// begin forever loop. This loop will run as long as the thread is alive.
for (;;)
{

// Make a call to WaitCommEvent(). This call will return immeditly

// because our port was created as an async port (FILE_FLAG_OVERAPPED
// and an m_OverlappedStructerlapped structure specified). This call will cause the
// m_OverlappedStructerlapped element m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent,which is part of the m_hEventArray to
// be placed in a non-signeled state if there are no bytes availble to be read,
// or to a signeled state if there are bytes available. If this event handle
// is set to the non-signeled state, it will be set to signeled hena
// character arrives at the port.

// we do this for each port!

bResult = WaitCommEvent(port->m_hComm, &Event, &port->m_ov);

if (!bResult)
{
// If WaitCommEvent() returns FALSE, process the last error to determin
// the reason..
switch (dwError = GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// This is a normal return value if there are no bytes
// to read at the port.
// Do nothing and continue
break;
}
case 87:
{
// Under Windows NT, this value is retured for some reason.
// I have not investigated why, but it is also a valid reply
// Also do nothing and continue.
break;
}
default:
{
// All other error codes indicate a serious error has
// occured. Process this error.
port->ProcessErrorMessage("WaitCommEvent()");
break;
}
}
}
else
{
// If WaitCommEvent() returns TRUE, check to be sure there are
// actually bytes in the buffer to read.
//
// If you are reading more than one byte at a time from the buffer

// (which this program does not do) you will have the situation occur
// where the first byte to arrive will cause the WaitForMultipleObjects()
// function to stop waiting. The WaitForMultipleObjects() function

// resets the event handle in m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent to the non-signelead state
// as it returns.
//
// If in the time between the reset of this event and the call to
// ReadFile() more bytes arrive, the m_OverlappedStruct.Event handle will be set again
// to the signeled state. When the call to ReadFile() occurs, it will
// read all of the bytes from the buffer, and the program will
// loop back around to WaitCommEvent().
//
// At this point you will be in the situation where m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent is set,
// but there are no bytes available to read. If you proceed and call
// ReadFile(), it will return immediatly due to the asyn port setup, but
// GetOverlappedResults() will not return until the next character arrives.
//
// It is not desirable for the GetOverlappedResults() function to be in
// this state. The thread shutdown event (event 0) and the WriteFile()
// event (Event2) will not work if the thread is blocked by GetOverlappedResults().
//
// The solution to this is to check the buffer with a call to ClearCommError().
// This call will reset the event handle, and if there are no bytes to read
// we can loop back through WaitCommEvent() again, then proceed.
// If there are really bytes to read, do nothing and proceed.

bResult = ClearCommError(port->m_hComm, &dwError, &comstat);

if (comstat.cbInQue == 0)
continue;
} // end if bResult

// Main wait function. This function will normally block the thread


// until one of nine events occur that require action.
Event = WaitForMultipleObjects(3, port->m_hEventArray, false, INFINITE);

switch (Event)
{
case 0:
{
// Shutdown event. This is event zero so it will be
// the higest priority and be serviced first.

port->m_bThreadAlive = false;

// Kill this thread. break is not needed, but makes me feel better.
ExitThread(100);
break;
}
case 1: // read event
{
GetCommMask(port->m_hComm, &CommEvent);
if (CommEvent & EV_CTS)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RXFLAG)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_BREAK)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_ERR)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RING)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_DSR)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_DSR_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RLSD)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_RLSD_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_TXEMPTY)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_TXEMPTY_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);

if (CommEvent & EV_RXCHAR)
// Receive character event from port.
ReceiveChar(port, comstat);

break;
}
case 2: // write event
{
// Write character event from port
WriteChar(port);
break;
}

} // end switch

} // close forever loop

return 0;
}

//
//
// start comm watching
//
BOOL TSerialPort::StartMonitoring()
{
DWORD lpThreadId;
m_HThread =CreateThread(NULL,
0,
CommThread,
this,
0,
&lpThreadId);
if(m_HThread==NULL)
{
ProcessErrorMessage("Create Thread Error");
return false;
}
return true;
}

//
// Restart the comm thread ,call StartMontoring()
//
//
BOOL TSerialPort::RestartMonitoring()
{
//ResumeThread(m_HThread);
//return true;
return StartMonitoring();
}

//
// Suspend the comm thread ,kill the thread
//
BOOL TSerialPort::StopMonitoring()
{
//SuspendThread(m_HThread);
// if the thread is alive: Kill
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
do
{
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
} while (m_bThreadAlive);
}

return true;
}

//
// If there is a error, give the right message
//
void TSerialPort::ProcessErrorMessage(char* ErrorText)
{
char *Temp = new char[200];


LPVOID lpMsgBuf;

FormatMessage(
FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
NULL,
GetLastError(),
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), // Default language
(LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf,
0,
NULL
);

sprintf(Temp, "WARNING: %s Failed with the following error: \n%s\nPort: %d\n", (char*)ErrorText, lpMsgBuf, m_nPortNr);
MessageBox(NULL,Temp, "Application Error", MB_ICONSTOP);

LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
delete[] Temp;
}

//
// Write a character.
//
void TSerialPort::WriteChar(TSerialPort* port)
{
BOOL bWrite = true;
BOOL bResult = true;

DWORD BytesSent = 0;

ResetEvent(port->m_hWriteEvent);

// Gain ownership of the critical section
EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

if (bWrite)
{
// Initailize variables
port->m_ov.Offset = 0;
port->m_ov.OffsetHigh = 0;

// Clear buffer
PurgeComm(port->m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);

bResult = WriteFile(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM Port
port->m_szWriteBuffer, // Pointer to message buffer in calling function
strlen((char*)port->m_szWriteBuffer), // Length of message to send
&BytesSent,// Where to store the number of bytes sent
&port->m_ov);// Overlapped structure

// deal with any error codes
if (!bResult)
{
DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
switch (dwError)
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// continue to GetOverlappedResults()
BytesSent = 0;
bWrite = false;
break;
}
default:
{
// all other error codes
port->ProcessErrorMessage("WriteFile()");
}
}
}
else
{
LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
}
} // end if(bWrite)

if (!bWrite)
{
bWrite = true;

bResult = GetOverlappedResult(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COM port

&port->m_ov, // Overlapped structure
&BytesSent, // Stores number of bytes sent
true);// Wait flag

LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
port->ProcessErrorMessage("GetOverlappedResults() in WriteFile()");

}
} // end if (!bWrite)

// Verify that the data size send equals what we tried to send
if (BytesSent != strlen((char*)port->m_szWriteBuffer))
{
printf("WARNING: WriteFile() error.. Bytes Sent: %d; Message Length:%d\n", BytesSent, strlen((char*)port->m_szWriteBuffer));
}
}

//
// Character received. Inform the owner
//
void TSerialPort::ReceiveChar(TSerialPort* port, COMSTAT comstat)
{
BOOL bRead = true;
BOOL bResult = true;
DWORD dwError = 0;
DWORD BytesRead = 0;
unsigned char RXBuff;


for (;;)
{
// Gain ownership of the comm port critical section.
// This process guarantees no other part of this program
// is using the port object.

EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

// ClearCommError() will update the COMSTAT structure and
// clear any other errors.

bResult = ClearCommError(port->m_hComm, &dwError, &comstat);

LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

// start forever loop. I use this type of loop because I
// do not know at runtime how many loops this will have to
// run. My solution is to start a forever loop and to
// break out of it when I have processed all of the
// data available. Be careful with this approach and
// be sure your loop will exit.
// My reasons for this are not as clear in this sample
// as it is in my production code, but I have found this
// solutiion to be the most efficient way to do this.

if (comstat.cbInQue == 0)
{
// break out when all bytes have been read
break;
}

EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

if (bRead)
{
bResult = ReadFile(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM port
&RXBuff, // RX Buffer Pointer
1,// Read one byte
&BytesRead, // Stores number of bytes read
&port->m_ov); // pointer to the m_ov structure
// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
switch (dwError = GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// asynchronous i/o is still in progress
// Proceed on to GetOverlappedResults();
bRead = false;
break;
}
default:
{
// Another error has occured. Process this error.
port->ProcessErrorMessage("ReadFile()");
break;
}
}
}
else
{
// ReadFile() returned complete. It is not necessary to call GetOverlappedResults()
bRead = true;
}
} // close if (bRead)

if (!bRead)
{
bRead = true;
bResult = GetOverlappedResult(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM port


&port->m_ov, // Overlapped structure

&BytesRead, // Stores number of bytes read

true); // Wait flag

// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
port->ProcessErrorMessage("GetOverlappedResults() in ReadFile()");

}
} // close if (!bRead)

LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);

// notify parent that a byte was received
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner, WM_COMM_RXCHAR, (WPARAM)RXBuff, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
} // end forever loop

}


//
// Write a string to the port
//
void TSerialPort::WriteToPort(char* string)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);

memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
strcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string);

// set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}

//
// Return the device control block
//
DCB TSerialPort::GetDCB()
{
return m_dcb;
}


//
// Return the communication event masks
//
DWORD TSerialPort::GetCommEvents()
{
return m_dwCommEvents;
}

//
// Return the output buffer size
//
DWORD TSerialPort::GetWriteBufferSize()
{
return m_nWriteBufferSize;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------

[gold_jin]

不用这么复杂吧，用MSCOMM控件，这个控件的OnOnCommMscomm1(）事件中
if(m_ComPort1.GetCommEvent()==2)表明有数据发过来了，一有数据来，自动会调用到这里

[lsyljn]

自己创建串口通信线程，在程序中比较灵活。

[hustwjz]

建立一个线程，不停地从端口读取数据，如果有数据....
不就可以了吗？

[eion]

你可以看看有关通信编程方面的书籍或在网络上搜索，资源多得是
你还可以下载很多有关串口的控件，很好用的，而且很简单
一般的串口控件名称为Microsoft MSCOMM控件

[捕鲸叉]

gzup