Substrate 搭建环境搭建

weixin_49457619 2022-07-25 19:14:30

Substrate 环境搭建非常非常非常容易出错，不出意外的话这可能是本教材最难的一步。

本文是作者在 macOS 12.4、Ubuntu 20.04 均测试成功后总结出来

如有环境搭建相关问题，请发邮件到 baidu.eth@gmail.com。如能解决，必竭尽所能。

学习内容

本节包含知识点:

搭建 substrate 开发环境
使用 template 运行由 substrate 构建出来的区块链
使用官方在线钱包与节点交互

系统环境

Ubuntu 20.04
rustc 1.62.1 (e092d0b6b 2022-07-16)
cargo 1.62.1 (a748cf5a3 2022-06-08)

搭建 substrate 开发环境

在搭建之前，默认您已将系统环境配置好

1. 安装所需的系统组件

sudo apt install -y cmake pkg-config libssl-dev git build-essential clang libclang-dev curl libz-dev

2. 设置 toolchain 为 stable

rustup default stable

3. 配置 wasm toolchain

ustup update 
rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown --toolchain stable # 注意这里是 stable，作者尝试过 nightly，发现失败几率非常大，所以改用这个

4. 克隆 substrate 节点模板

git clone -b v2.0.1 --depth 1 https://github.com/substrate-developer-hub/substrate-node-template
cd substrate-node-template

5. 初始化 WebAssembly 构建环境

make init

6. 编译节点模板

make build

7. 启动节点

./target/release/node-template --dev --tmp

控制台输出

Jul 24 17:19:39.469  WARN Running in --dev mode, RPC CORS has been disabled.    
Jul 24 17:19:39.481  INFO Substrate Node    
Jul 24 17:19:39.481  INFO ✌️  version 2.0.1-571448f-x86_64-macos    
Jul 24 17:19:39.481  INFO ❤️  by Substrate DevHub <https://github.com/substrate-developer-hub>, 2017-2022    
Jul 24 17:19:39.481  INFO 📋 Chain specification: Development    
Jul 24 17:19:39.482  INFO 🏷  Node name: gleaming-competition-2753    
Jul 24 17:19:39.482  INFO 👤 Role: AUTHORITY    
Jul 24 17:19:39.489  INFO 💾 Database: RocksDb at /var/folders/ps/9_nr7z195dnd07r12nv4h3tm0000gn/T/substrate3MlnOb/chains/dev/db    
Jul 24 17:19:39.489  INFO ⛓  Native runtime: node-template-100 (node-template-1.tx1.au1)    
Jul 24 17:19:39.665  INFO 🔨 Initializing Genesis block/state (state: 0xdf3b…ab40, header-hash: 0xd7b1…4950)    
Jul 24 17:19:39.681  INFO 👴 Loading GRANDPA authority set from genesis on what appears to be first startup.    
Jul 24 17:19:39.722  INFO ⏱  Loaded block-time = 6000 milliseconds from genesis on first-launch    
Jul 24 17:19:39.725  WARN Using default protocol ID "sup" because none is configured in the chain specs    
Jul 24 17:19:39.728  INFO 🏷  Local node identity is: 12D3KooWQ3gFPhfHDF63FQpH9onCpJ2nWb5RXMMqQLdGaefF5PrM (legacy representation: 12D3KooWQ3gFPhfHDF63FQpH9onCpJ2nWb5RXMMqQLdGaefF5PrM)    
Jul 24 17:19:40.094  INFO 📦 Highest known block at #0    
Jul 24 17:19:40.096  INFO 〽️ Prometheus server started at 127.0.0.1:9615    
Jul 24 17:19:40.101  INFO Listening for new connections on 127.0.0.1:9944.    
Jul 24 17:19:42.012  INFO 🙌 Starting consensus session on top of parent 0xd7b14bc0a9ca49f05b454901d2f0c22c60189d5c8702b23d89cd5de85b034950    
Jul 24 17:19:42.019  INFO 🎁 Prepared block for proposing at 1 [hash: 0xcbf2783864e5384bd0d4e948c51a71ca0ea2277d9d0b9dde1c29617e48ce2d85; parent_hash: 0xd7b1…4950; extrinsics (1): [0xbebf…29c4]]    
Jul 24 17:19:42.023  INFO 🔖 Pre-sealed block for proposal at 1. Hash now 0xb1ea5fd73181c8bf8836f3399983e445d15e8510e5c5b6563791f14886473274, previously 0xcbf2783864e5384bd0d4e948c51a71ca0ea2277d9d0b9dde1c29617e48ce2d85.    
Jul 24 17:19:42.024  INFO ✨ Imported #1 (0xb1ea…3274)

至此，substrate 节点搭建完成