使用C++语言Qt框架完成替换Excel表格的内容

亭台六七座 2024-11-29 12:09:32

Qt框架提供了QAxObject类用以处理COM接口，使用此类需要添加axcontainer模块

QT       += axcontainer

首先我们在PRO工程文件中进行了添加

INCLUDEPATH += \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    widget.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Application.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Workbook.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Workbooks.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Range.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Sheets.cpp \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Worksheet.cpp

HEADERS += \
    widget.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/def.h \  #所有类的宏定义在这里，用到哪个类需要接触屏蔽
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/enum.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Application.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Workbook.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Workbooks.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Range.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Sheets.h \
    E:/Programming/QT/QTcoder/Own/h_cpp/COM/office2/excel/Worksheet.h

这里我们引用了Excel的COM接口的六个类的头文件

#include "Application.h"
#include "Range.h"
#include "Sheets.h"
#include "Workbook.h"
#include "Workbooks.h"
#include "Worksheet.h"

打开def.h解除以上六个类的屏蔽的宏

宏定义格式为 QAX_DUMPCPP_MACRO_CLASS_XXX_H

在窗口类的构造函数中初始化Excel的COM接口；也可以使其方便手动关闭激活向导，不关闭激活向导将导致后续接口无法正常调用。

    pApplication = new Excel::Application;
    QString str = pApplication->application->generateDocumentation(); //调用QAxObject的成员函数
    writeTxt("E:/Application.html", str);
    qDebug() << pApplication->Version();
    pApplication->SetDisplayAlerts(false); //禁止显示警告弹窗
    pApplication->SetVisible(true);

    //!!!若Office未激活，这里会弹出激活向导，这样写方便手动关闭激活向导
    //!不关闭激活向导将导致后续接口无法正常调用
    pWorkbooks = pApplication->Workbooks();
    if (pWorkbooks == Q_NULLPTR) {
        return;
    }

在析构函数中不要忘了退出和销毁，否则Excel进程会被遗留

    if (Q_NULLPTR != pApplication) {
        pApplication->Save();
        pApplication->Quit();
        delete pApplication;
    }

我们点击按钮后，设置表格内容及保存Excel的代码如下

    Excel::Workbook *pWorkbook = Q_NULLPTR;
    pWorkbook = pWorkbooks->Add();
    if (pWorkbook == Q_NULLPTR) {
        return;
    }
    Excel::Sheets *sheets = pWorkbook->Sheets();
    Excel::Worksheet *sheet = new Excel::Worksheet(sheets->Item(1));
    sheet->Range("A1")->SetValue("WW");//设置A1表格的内容为"WW"
    pWorkbook->Save();
    pWorkbooks->Close();

这里我们将COM类进行了封装，可以像使用普通源码一样使用，有代码提示，使得编写代码不易出错
也可以用到哪个类加入哪个类，达到优化软件体积，加快编译速度的目的，不用将整个COM库代码整体加入，总共768个文件，实现Excel的COM接口的99.8%的接口

用到的COM源代码可以到这里下载

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