Python pymssql模块安装失败

xs0573 2025-06-01 16:51:25

请问Python pymssql该如何正确安装，谢谢各位大神的指点

问题报错：ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (pymssql)

操作系统：Windows 11 家庭中文版 24H2

Python 版本：3.13.3

已安装visual studio 生成工具2022（含Win 11 SDK 和 C++ CMake工具）

已安装 pip(25.1.1) 、setuptools(80.9.0) 和 wheel（0.45.1）

详细报错日志如下：

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools>pip install -v pymssql
Using pip 25.1.1 from D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.13)
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting pymssql
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/83/35/5a0b79369e42fffd5c04e4e74fa90ef034cc5c3f314e14f6d58cac646ccf/pymssql-2.3.4.tar.gz (184 kB)
  Running command pip subprocess to install build dependencies
  Using pip 25.1.1 from D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.13)
  Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
  Collecting packaging>=24
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/20/12/38679034af332785aac8774540895e234f4d07f7545804097de4b666afd8/packaging-25.0-py3-none-any.whl (66 kB)
  Collecting setuptools<70.3,>=54.0
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/42/54/2a8ecfcc9a714a6fbf86559a4b0f50b126a4ac4269ea8134f2c75c3e73de/setuptools-70.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (930 kB)
  Collecting setuptools_scm>=5.0 (from setuptools_scm[toml]>=5.0)
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/ab/ac/8f96ba9b4cfe3e4ea201f23f4f97165862395e9331a424ed325ae37024a8/setuptools_scm-8.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (43 kB)
  Collecting wheel>=0.36.2
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/0b/2c/87f3254fd8ffd29e4c02732eee68a83a1d3c346ae39bc6822dcbcb697f2b/wheel-0.45.1-py3-none-any.whl (72 kB)
  Collecting Cython>=3.0.10
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/79/5e/c469f7b42e145a06af79a3f7b599454c028a823c6a83adc867ddfd02f941/cython-3.1.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (2.7 MB)
  Collecting tomli
    Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/c7/32/b0963458706accd9afcfeb867c0f9175a741bf7b19cd424230714d722198/tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl (109 kB)
  Installing collected packages: wheel, tomli, setuptools, packaging, Cython, setuptools_scm
    Creating C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Scripts

  Successfully installed Cython-3.1.1 packaging-25.0 setuptools-70.2.0 setuptools_scm-8.3.1 tomli-2.2.1 wheel-0.45.1
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Running command Getting requirements to build wheel
  prefix='/usr/local'
  setup.py: platform.system() => Windows
  setup.py: platform.architecture() => ('64bit', 'WindowsPE')
  setup.py: include_dirs => ['/usr/local\\include']
  setup.py: library_dirs => ['/usr/local\\lib']
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Running command Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml)
  prefix='/usr/local'
  setup.py: platform.system() => Windows
  setup.py: platform.architecture() => ('64bit', 'WindowsPE')
  setup.py: include_dirs => ['/usr/local\\include']
  setup.py: library_dirs => ['/usr/local\\lib']
  running dist_info
  creating C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info
  writing C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\top_level.txt
  writing manifest file 'C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest file 'C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  adding license file 'LICENSE'
  writing manifest file 'C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  creating 'C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-modern-metadata-xf5qctkw\pymssql-2.3.4.dist-info'
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pymssql
  Running command Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml)
  prefix='/usr/local'
  setup.py: platform.system() => Windows
  setup.py: platform.architecture() => ('64bit', 'WindowsPE')
  setup.py: include_dirs => ['/usr/local\\include']
  setup.py: library_dirs => ['/usr/local\\lib']
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win32-cpython-313
  creating build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\exceptions.py -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  running egg_info
  writing src\pymssql.egg-info\PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to src\pymssql.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to src\pymssql.egg-info\top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'src\pymssql.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  adding license file 'LICENSE'
  writing manifest file 'src\pymssql.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  copying src\pymssql\__init__.pyi -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\_mssql.pxd -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\_mssql.pyi -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\_mssql.pyx -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\_pymssql.pyi -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\_pymssql.pyx -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\exceptions.pyi -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\py.typed -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\sqlfront.pxd -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  copying src\pymssql\version.h -> build\lib.win32-cpython-313\pymssql
  running build_ext

  Error compiling Cython file:
  ------------------------------------------------------------
  ...

          elif dbtype == SQLINT4:
              return int(<int>(<DBINT *>data)[0])

          elif dbtype == SQLINT8:
              return long(<PY_LONG_LONG>(<PY_LONG_LONG *>data)[0])
                     ^
  ------------------------------------------------------------

  src\pymssql\_mssql.pyx:858:19: undeclared name not builtin: long
  Compiling src\pymssql\_mssql.pyx because it changed.
  [1/1] Cythonizing src\pymssql\_mssql.pyx
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
      main()
      ~~~~^^
    File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 373, in main
      json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                               ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 280, in build_wheel
      return _build_backend().build_wheel(
             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
          wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      )
      ^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 415, in build_wheel
      return self._build_with_temp_dir(
             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
          ['bdist_wheel'],
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      ...<3 lines>...
          self._arbitrary_args(config_settings),
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      )
      ^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 397, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 497, in run_setup
      super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 313, in run_setup
      exec(code, locals())
      ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "<string>", line 295, in <module>
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 103, in setup
      return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 184, in setup
      return run_commands(dist)
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 200, in run_commands
      dist.run_commands()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 970, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      super().run_command(command)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 989, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\bdist_wheel.py", line 373, in run
      self.run_command("build")
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 316, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      super().run_command(command)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 989, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
      self.run_command(cmd_name)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 316, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
      super().run_command(command)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 989, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 359, in run
      self.build_extensions()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "<string>", line 187, in build_extensions
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 479, in build_extensions
      self._build_extensions_serial()
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 505, in _build_extensions_serial
      self.build_extension(ext)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\Cython\Distutils\build_ext.py", line 131, in build_extension
      new_ext = cythonize(
                ~~~~~~~~~^
          ext,force=self.force, quiet=self.verbose == 0, **options
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      )[0]
      ^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\Cython\Build\Dependencies.py", line 1145, in cythonize
      cythonize_one(*args)
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
    File "C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-qvi9qsen\overlay\Lib\site-packages\Cython\Build\Dependencies.py", line 1289, in cythonize_one
      raise CompileError(None, pyx_file)
  Cython.Compiler.Errors.CompileError: src\pymssql\_mssql.pyx
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> See above for output.

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  full command: 'D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\python.exe' 'D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp1whkfed9'
  cwd: C:\Users\华为\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d58e6hu9\pymssql_1f79f03152cb4833bf4ee459b7ff4155
  Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml) ... error
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pymssql
Failed to build pymssql
ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (pymssql)

 

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cs_2025_dn 06-16
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我也是64位系统，卸载3.13后安装3.12.10，问题就解决了。https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-amd64.exe

xs0573 06-02
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我去https://pypi.org/project/pymssql/#files 查询了下依赖的.whl文件，目前313还没有64位支持，猜测是这个问题导致
安装python3.8后，pymssql能够正常安装，问题解决

pymssql.whl文件包及安装说明
python连接sqlserver数据库的pymssql模块，有的时候直接pip安装失败，可以考虑下载该whl文件手动安装。亲测可用，分享给大家。
解决import pymssql 找不到指定的模块的错误
解决import pymssql _mssql出ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块的错误
Pthon Pymssql
Pthon Pymssql32位，安装成功，好用，python2.7以上
pymssql的whl文件
python连接sqlserver数据库的pymssql模块，有的时候直接pip安装失败，可以考虑下载该whl文件手动安装。亲测可用，分享给大家。
pymssql-1.0.2.win32-py2.7
pymssql-1.0.2.win32-py2.7.exe和 pymssql-2.0.0b1.win32-py2.7.exe
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