在Dev-c++中,函数模板不支持偏特化?

2005-10-30 11:43:17 518 阅读 AI 写同款 · GEO 优化AI 选题数据监测一键分发 ›

C++模板详解：泛型编程、模板原理、非类型模板参数、模板特化、分离编译泛型编程、模板原理、非类型模板参数、模板特化、分离编译阅读详情

A natural syntax for partially specializing function templates is the generalization of the class template notation:

template <typename T>
T const& max (T const&, T const&); // primary template

template <typename T>
T* const& max <T*>(T* const&, T* const&); // partial specialization
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
这在Dev-c++中提示:
8 G:\Dev-Cpp\函数template特化与重载\main.cpp partial specialization `max<T*>' of function template

...全文

C++模板编程：从泛型基础到STL实现与元编程实战泛型编程是现代软件开发中提升代码复用性和类型安全性的核心技术，它通过参数化类型实现算法和数据结构的通用化。其核心原理是在编译期进行类型推导和代码生成，从而消除运行时开销，这是C++模板机制的设计精髓。从技术价值看，泛型编程不仅解决了代码膨胀问题，还通过编译期计算实现了零开销抽象，显著提升程序性能。在实际应用场景中，泛型思想广泛应用于容器库、算法库和框架设计，例如C++标准模板库（STL）正是基于模板构建的典范。本文聚焦C++模板这一具体实现，深入解析函数模板与类模板的机制，探讨模板特化、偏特化等进阶技术，并阅读详情

xlsue

C++ 语言 65,214 成员 250,514 内容

+ 关注 + 加入社区

切换为时间正序

ifeelhappy 2005-11-11

打赏
举报

为什么我的类也不支持偏特化呢?

Jinhao 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

支持刀刀~~
函数模板没有偏特化一说~~~至少目前没有

xlsue 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

回复人： BluntBlade(无锋之刃·回炉再造) ( ) 信誉：105 2005-10-30 12:06:00 得分: 0

当前C++标准不支持函数模板的特化。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
这个观点我比较同意.

BluntBlade 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

当前C++标准不支持函数模板的特化。

fiftymetre 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

用VC

xlsue 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

贴上完整的给他们看:
13.7 Partial Specialization of Function Templates
In Chapter 12 we discussed how class templates can be partially specialized, whereas function templates are simply overloaded. The two mechanisms are somewhat different.

Partial specialization doesn't introduce a completely new template: It is an extension of an existing template (the primary template). When a class template is looked up, only primary templates are considered at first. If, after the selection of a primary template, it turns out that there is a partial specialization of that template with a template argument pattern that matches that of the instantiation, its definition (in other words, its body) is instantiated instead of the definition of the primary template. (Full template specializations work exactly the same way.)

In contrast, overloaded function templates are separate templates that are completely independent of one another. When selecting which template to instantiate, all the overloaded templates are considered together, and overload resolution attempts to choose one as the best fit. At first this might seem like an adequate alternative, but in practice there are a number of limitations:

It is possible to specialize member templates of a class without changing the definition of that class. However, adding an overloaded member does require a change in the definition of a class. In many cases this is not an option because we may not own the rights to do so. Furthermore, the C++ standard does not currently allow us to add new templates to the std namespace, but it does allow us to specialize templates from that namespace.

To overload function templates, their function parameters must differ in some material way. Consider a function template R convert(T const&) where R and T are template parameters. We may very well want to specialize this template for R = void, but this cannot be done using overloading.

Code that is valid for a nonoverloaded function may no longer be valid when the function is overloaded. Specifically, given two function templates f(T) and g(T) (where T is a template parameter), the expression g(&f<int>) is valid only if f is not overloaded (otherwise, there is no way to decide which f is meant).

Friend declarations refer to a specific function template or an instantiation of a specific function template. An overloaded version of a function template would not automatically have the privileges granted to the original template.

Together, this list forms a compelling argument in support of a partial specialization construct for function templates.

A natural syntax for partially specializing function templates is the generalization of the class template notation:

template <typename T>
T const& max (T const&, T const&); // primary template

template <typename T>
T* const& max <T*>(T* const&, T* const&); // partial specialization
Some language designers worry about the interaction of this partial specialization approach with function template overloading. For example:

template <typename T>
void add (T& x, int i); // a primary template

template <typename T1, typename T2>
void add (T1 a, T2 b); // another (overloaded) primary template

template <typename T>
void add<T*> (T*&, int); // which primary template does this specialize?
However, we expect such cases would be deemed errors without major impact on the utility of the feature.

At the time of this writing, this extension is under consideration by the C++ standardization committee.

utstar 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

foochow 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

Effective C++ 3rd Edition中也提到了这一点...

foochow 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

<<C++ templates>> 13.7 Partial Specialization of Function Templates

At the time of this writing, this extension is under consideration by the C++ standardization committee.
......................................

目前C++允许类模板的部分特化,但不允许函数模板这样做.这样的代码不符合标准,尽管一些编译器错误地接受了它..GCC4.0.0,VC7均不支持...

xlsue 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

详见<<C++ templates>> 13.7 Partial Specialization of Function Templates

xlsue 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

有是有,不过可能还没有加入到标准中,C++标准98版没发现提到这个东西.较新版的编译器应该实现出来了...

foochow 2005-10-30

打赏
举报

只有类模板才能定义部分特殊化。。

在Dev-c++中,函数模板不支持偏特化?

相关推荐