insert into #t values('a','张三','1984-09-07')
insert into #t values('b','张三','1985-09-07')
insert into #t values('c','张三','1986-09-07')
insert into #t values('d','李四','1984-10-07')
insert into #t values('a','李四','1984-09-07')
select * from #t
select 学生,出生日期 from #t where 教师='张三' and 出生日期 in
(select min(出生日期) from #t where 教师='张三')
/*结果
a 张三 1984-09-07 00:00:00.000
b 张三 1985-09-07 00:00:00.000
c 张三 1986-09-07 00:00:00.000
d 李四 1984-10-07 00:00:00.000
a 李四 1984-09-07 00:00:00.000