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Working with NULL Values
Back in Lesson 4, "Filtering Data," you learned that NULL values are no values or the lack of a value. A column that allows NULL values also allows rows to be inserted with no value at all in that column. A column that does not allow NULL values does not accept rows with no value—in other words, that column will always be required when rows are inserted or updated.
Every table column is either a NULL column or a NOT NULL column, and that state is specified in the table definition at creation time. Take a look at the following example:
输入
CREATE TABLE Orders
(
order_num INTEGER NOT NULL,
order_date DATETIME NOT NULL,
cust_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL
);
分析
This statement creates the Orders table used throughout this book. Orders contains three columns: order number, order date, and the customer ID. All three columns are required, and so each contains the keyword NOT NULL. This will prevent the insertion of columns with no value. If someone tries to insert no value, an error will be returned, and the insertion will fail.
This next example creates a table with a mixture of NULL and NOT NULL columns: