what's COM?STL?

huxiaoyong 2002-06-09 12:41:38

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waYeah 2002-06-09

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完全同意楼上的说法。具体的你可以看看关于COM的书，STL在C++里有介绍。

lcacao 2002-06-09

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COM是个开放的组件标准，它有很强的扩充和扩展能力.还有个“COM+”很不错，可以到 win2000 上感觉感觉，COM+并不是COM的新版本，我们可以把它理解为COM的新发展，或者为COM更高层次上的应用。COM+的底层结构仍然以COM为基础，它几乎包容了COM的所有内容。COM+不再局限于COM的组件技术，它更加注重于分布式网络应用的设计和实现，已经成为Microsoft系统平台策略和软件发展策略的一部分 COM+继承了COM几乎全部的优势，同时又避免了COM实现方面的一些不足。

至于STL就是标准模版库。（Standard Template Library）STL是一些“容器”的集合，这些“容器”有list,vector,set,map等，STL也是算法和其他一些组件的集合。这里的“容器”和算法的集合指的是世界上很多聪明人很多年的杰作。

STL的目的是标准化组件，这样你就不用重新开发它们了。你可以仅仅使用这些现成的组件。STL现在是C++的一部分，因此不用额外安装什麽。它被内建在你的编译器之内。因为STL的list是一个简单的容器。
The Standard Template Library, or STL, is a C++ library of container classes, algorithms, and iterators; it provides many of the basic algorithms and data structures of computer science. The STL is a generic library, meaning that its components are heavily parameterized: almost every component in the STL is a template. You should make sure that you understand how templates work in C++ before you use the STL.
Like many class libraries, the STL includes container classes: classes whose purpose is to contain other objects. The STL includes the classes vector, list, deque, set, multiset, map, multimap, hash_set, hash_multiset, hash_map, and hash_multimap. Each of these classes is a template, and can be instantiated to contain any type of object. You can, for example, use a vector<int> in much the same way as you would use an ordinary C array, except that vector eliminates the chore of managing dynamic memory allocation by hand.

The C++ language has a long history, dating back to the 1980s. Recently it has undergone a renaissance, with major new features being intro duced in 2011 and 2014. At press time, the C++17 standard is just around the corner. C++11 practically doubled the size of the standard library, adding such headers as , , and . C++17 doubles the library again, with additions such as , , and . A programmer who’s been spending time writing code instead of watching the standardization process might fairly feel that the standard library has gotten away fromhim--that there’s so many new things in the library that he'll never be able to master the whole thing, or even to sort the wheat fromthe chaff. After all, who wants to spend a month reading technical documentation on std::locale and std::ratio , just to find out that they aren't useful in your daily work? In this book, I'll teach you the most important features of the C++17 standard library. In the interest of brevity, I omit some parts, such as the aforementioned ; but we'll cover the entire modern STL (every standard container and every standard algorithm), plus such imp ortant topics as smart pointers, randomnumbers, regular expressions, and the new-in-C++17 library. I'll teach by example. You'll learn to build your own iterator type; your own memory allocator using std::pmr::memory_resource ; your own thread pool using std::future . I'll teach concepts beyond what you'd find in a reference manual. You'll learn the difference between monomorphic, polymorphic, and generic algorithms (Chapter 1 , Classical Polymorphism and Generic Programming ); what it means for std::string or std::any to be termed a "vocabulary type"(Chapter 5 , Vocabulary Types ); and what we might expect fromfuture C++ standards in 2020 and beyond. I assume that you are already reasonably familiar with the core language of C++11; for example, that you already understand how to write class and function templates, the difference between lvalue and rvalue references, and so on.

C++ Coding Standards: 101 Rules, Guidelines, and Best Practices By Herb Sutter, Andrei Alexandrescu Publisher : Addison Wesley Professional Pub Date : October 25, 2004 ISBN : 0-321-11358-6 Pages : 240 Consistent, high-quality coding standards improve software quality, reduce time-to-market, promote teamwork, eliminate time wasted on inconsequential matters, and simplify maintenance. Now, two of the world's most respected C++ experts distill the rich collective experience of the global C++ community into a set of coding standards that every developer and development team can understand and use as a basis for their own coding standards. The authors cover virtually every facet of C++ programming: design and coding style, functions, operators, class design, inheritance, construction/destruction, copying, assignment, namespaces, modules, templates, genericity, exceptions, STL containers and algorithms, and more. Each standard is described concisely, with practical examples. From type definition to error handling, this book presents C++ best practices, including some that have only recently been identified and standardized-techniques you may not know even if you've used C++ for years. Along the way, you'll find answers to questions like What's worth standardizingand what isn't? What are the best ways to code for scalability? What are the elements of a rational error handling policy? How (and why) do you avoid unnecessary initialization, cyclic, and definitional dependencies? When (and how) should you use static and dynamic polymorphism together? How do you practice "safe" overriding? When should you provide a no-fail swap? Why and how should you prevent exceptions from propagating across module boundaries? Why shouldn't you write namespace declarations or directives in a header file? Why should you use STL vector and string instead of arrays? How do you choose the right STL search or sort algorithm? What rules should you follow to ensure type-safe code? Whether you're working alone or with others, C++ Coding Standards will help you write cleaner codeand write it faster, with fewer hassles and less frustration.

Introduction to the STL How to use this site Table of Contents Download the STL Index Index by Category Design Documents What’s New Other STL Resources Frequently Asked Questions IOstreams library (experimental) Send us a comment

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Now updated for the newest C++14 standard Paperback: 624 pages Publisher: Prentice Hall; 3 edition (December 30, 2015) Language: English ISBN-10: 0134314301 ISBN-13: 978-0134314303 Learning C++ Doesn’t Have to Be Difficult! Have you ever wanted to learn programming? Have you ever wanted to learn the C++ language behind many of today’s hottest games, business programs, and even advanced spacecraft? C++ Without Fear, Third Edition, is the ideal way to get started. Now updated for the newest C++14 standard and the free Microsoft Visual C++ Community Edition, it will quickly make you productive with C++ even if you’ve never written a line of code! Brian Overland has earned rave reviews for this book’s approach to teaching C++. He starts with short, simple examples you can easily enter and run. Within a couple of chapters, you’ll be creating useful utilities, playing games, and solving puzzles. Everything’s simplified to its essentials, patiently explained, and clearly illustrated with practical examples and exercises that help you make progress quickly. Overland reveals the “whys” and “tricks” behind each C++ language feature. And you’ll never get bogged down in complex or pointless examples: He keeps you 100% focused on learning what works and what matters—while having fun! This new and improved edition Covers installing and using the free Microsoft Visual C++ Community Edition—but you can use any version of C++ Explains valuable improvements in the new C++14 standard Modularizes C++14 coverage so it’s easy to write code that works with older versions Teaches with even more puzzles, games, and relevant exercises Offers more “why” and “how-to” coverage of object orientation, today’s #1 approach to programming Presents more ways to use Standard Template Library (STL) code to save time and get more done Contains an expanded reference section for all your day-to-day programming Whether you want to learn C++ programming for pleasure or you’re considering a career in programming, this book is an outstanding choice.