这玩意弄的我想哭了，各位帮帮忙

[RabbitLBJ]

就这个D3D9的初始化程序，我自己模仿WINDOWS游戏编程大师技巧里的DDRAW的初始化写的，但为什么编译的时候总是提示
E:\work space\d3din\fasdf.cpp(49) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const int' to 'struct _D3DCAPS9'
No constructor could take the source type, or constructor overload resolution was ambiguous
E:\work space\d3din\fasdf.cpp(50) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const int' to 'struct _D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS_'
No constructor could take the source type, or constructor overload resolution was ambiguous
我也添加了d3d9x.lib这个库文件啊，另外我还把dxd9这个文件也包含进去了，应该不是却文件吧，各位帮帮我，真的莫法了，谢谢！！！

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN  // just say no to MFC
#define STRICT
#define INITGUID // make sure directX guids are included

#include <windows.h>   // include important windows stuff
#include <windowsx.h> 
#include <mmsystem.h>
#include <iostream.h> // include important C/C++ stuff
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <math.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include <d3dx9.h> // include direct3d
#include <d3d9.h>

// DEFINES ////////////////////////////////////////////////

// defines for windows 
#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"

// default screen size
#define SCREEN_WIDTH    640  // size of screen
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT   480
#define SCREEN_BPP      16    // bits per pixel



#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code)   ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)


// GLOBALS ////////////////////////////////////////////////
HWND      hwnd_app = NULL; 
HINSTANCE hinstance_app      = NULL; 
HRESULT hr = 0;
// direct3d stuff
IDirect3DDevice9*     Device       = 0;
D3DCAPS9              caps         = NULL;   
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp        = NULL; 
IDirect3D9*           d3d9         = NULL;   
int vp;


// FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, 
						    UINT msg, 
                            WPARAM wparam, 
                            LPARAM lparam)
{
// this is the main message handler of the system
PAINTSTRUCT		ps;		// used in WM_PAINT
HDC				hdc;	// handle to a device context


// what is the message 
switch(msg)
	{	
	case WM_CREATE: 
        {
		// do initialization stuff here
        // return success
		return(0);
		} break;
   
	case WM_PAINT: 
		{
		// simply validate the window 
   	    hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);	 
        
        // end painting
        EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);

        // return success
		return(0);
   		} break;

	case WM_DESTROY: 
		{

		// kill the application, this sends a WM_QUIT message 
		PostQuitMessage(0);

        // return success
		return(0);
		} break;

	default:break;

    } // end switch

// process any messages that we didn't take care of 
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));

} // end WinProc

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Main(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{

if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
   SendMessage(hwnd_app,WM_CLOSE,0,0);


return(1);

} // end Game_Main

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Init(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{


d3d9=Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);


d3d9->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&caps);


if(caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
	vp=D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
else
	vp=D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;


d3dpp.BackBufferWidth=SCREEN_WIDTH;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight=SCREEN_HEIGHT;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat=D3DFMT_R5G6B5;
d3dpp.BackBufferCount=1;
d3dpp.MultiSampleType=D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality=0;
d3dpp.SwapEffect=D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.hDeviceWindow=hwnd_app;
d3dpp.Windowed=true;
d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil=true;
d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat=D3DFMT_D24S8;
d3dpp.Flags=0;
d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz=D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;
d3dpp.PresentationInterval=D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;

hr=d3d9->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,hwnd_app,vp,&d3dpp,&Device);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
	d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat=D3DFMT_D16;

	hr=d3d9->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,hwnd_app,vp,&d3dpp,&Device);
}


return(1);

} // end Game_Init

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Shutdown(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{

if (d3d9)
   {
   d3d9->Release();
   d3d9 = NULL;
   }

return(1);

} // end Game_Shutdown

// WINMAIN ////////////////////////////////////////////////
int WINAPI WinMain(	HINSTANCE hinstance,
					HINSTANCE hprevinstance,
					LPSTR lpcmdline,
					int ncmdshow)
{

WNDCLASSEX winclass; // this will hold the class we create
HWND	   hwnd;	 // generic window handle
MSG		   msg;		 // generic message
HDC        hdc;      // graphics device context

// first fill in the window class stucture
winclass.cbSize         = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
winclass.style			= CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC | 
                          CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
winclass.lpfnWndProc	= WindowProc;
winclass.cbClsExtra		= 0;
winclass.cbWndExtra		= 0;
winclass.hInstance		= hinstance;
winclass.hIcon			= LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
winclass.hCursor		= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); 
winclass.hbrBackground	= (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
winclass.lpszMenuName	= NULL;
winclass.lpszClassName	= WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
winclass.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);

// save hinstance in global
hinstance_app = hinstance;

// register the window class
if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
	return(0);

// create the window
if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                  // extended style
                            WINDOW_CLASS_NAME,     // class
						    "DirectDraw Initialization Demo", // title
						    WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
					 	    0,0,	  // initial x,y
						    400,300,  // initial width, height
						    NULL,	  // handle to parent 
						    NULL,	  // handle to menu
						    hinstance,// instance of this application
						    NULL)))	// extra creation parms
return(0);

// save main window handle
hwnd_app = hwnd;

// initialize game here
Game_Init();

// enter main event loop
while(TRUE)
	{
    // test if there is a message in queue, if so get it
	if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
	   { 
	   // test if this is a quit
       if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
           break;
	
	   // translate any accelerator keys
	   TranslateMessage(&msg);

	   // send the message to the window proc
	   DispatchMessage(&msg);
	   } // end if
    
       // main game processing goes here
       Game_Main();
       
	} // end while

// closedown game here
Game_Shutdown();

// return to Windows like this
return(msg.wParam);

} // end WinMain

[bigriverhorse]

D3DCAPS9              caps         = NULL;   
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp        = NULL; 

上面这两行是定义两个结构体，不是指针，不能简单使用NULL进行初始化。
如果仅仅是要编译通过，下面这样写就可以了（无初始化）。

D3DCAPS9              caps;   
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; 

[donglq]

看错误信息差不多是路径问题，找不到对应的数据类型；
PS：不好意思 偶是路过

[Nio96]

是啊。NULL相当于是一个int型的数。。。

你怎么能用一个数来初始化一个结构体呢？

[amossavez]

是语法错误的话还好办，给你错误提示了，试试找找错误改！要是功能性的错误的话，不好弄了

[cyldf]

E:\work space\d3din\fasdf.cpp(49) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const int' to 'struct _D3DCAPS9' 
用const int初始化结构体
        No constructor could take the source type, or constructor overload resolution was ambiguous
构造函数不满足条件

楼主能否定位这几个错误在哪？把那几行代码贴出来

[RabbitLBJ]

2楼的朋友说的是对的，谢谢了，我改了之后刚刚那里不提示错误了
但却出了个新的问题

fsaet.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _Direct3DCreate9@4

这是什么意思，请教，谢谢！！
到底要添加哪些库啊，我只添加了D3DX9，不够吗？？

[RabbitLBJ]

哦，懂了懂了，只要把DXD9添加进去就行了，谢谢各位，尤其是二楼的朋友！！