In the following table, x and y are of type double, n is an int, and all functions return double. Angles for trigonometric functions are expressed in radians.
sin(x)
sine of x
cos(x)
cosine of x
tan(x)
tangent of x
asin(x)
sin-1(x) in range [-pi/2,pi/2], x in [-1,1].
acos(x)
cos-1(x) in range [0,pi], x in [-1,1].
atan(x)
tan-1(x) in range [-pi/2,pi/2].
atan2(y,x)
tan-1(y/x) in range [-pi,pi].
sinh(x)
hyperbolic sine of x
cosh(x)
hyperbolic cosine of x
tanh(x)
hyperbolic tangent of x
exp(x)
exponential function ex
log(x)
natural logarithm ln(x), x>0.
log10(x)
base 10 logarithm log10(x), x>0.
pow(x,y)
xy. A domain error occurs if x=0 and y<=0, or if x<0 and y is not an integer.
sqrt(x)
sqare root of x, x>=0.
ceil(x)
smallest integer not less than x, as a double.
floor(x)
largest integer not greater than x, as a double.
fabs(x)
absolute value |x|
ldexp(x,n)
x*2n
frexp(x, int *ip)
splits x into a normalized fraction in the interval [1/2,1) which is returned, and a power of 2, which is stored in *exp. If x is zero, both parts of the result are zero.
modf(x, double *ip)
splits x into integral and fractional parts, each with the same sign as x. It stores the integral part in *ip, and returns the fractional part.
fmod(x,y)
floating-point remainder of x/y, with the same sign as x. If y is zero, the result is implementation-defined.